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USAID Freeze Leaves Central Asian NGOs in Limbo

On January 20, U.S. President Donald Trump signed an executive order suspending funding for most foreign aid programs for 90 days. The move has raised concerns among non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Central Asia, particularly in Kazakhstan, which has long benefited from U.S. assistance. The order reads: “All heads of departments and agencies responsible for United States foreign development assistance programs shall immediately suspend new commitments and disbursements of development assistance funds to foreign countries and non-governmental implementing organizations, international organizations, and contractors pending a review of such programs for effectiveness and consistency with United States foreign policy to be conducted within 90 days of this order.” Following this directive, U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio instructed all diplomatic and consular agencies to issue “stop-work orders” for nearly all active foreign assistance programs. Impact on Kazakhstan and Central Asia According to reports, the funding freeze is expected to affect university grant programs, entrepreneurial initiatives, gender diversity projects, and environmental efforts. The Trump administration has justified the decision by citing the need to reassess spending priorities. Kazakhstan and other Central Asian countries have received U.S. aid for decades. USAID, in particular, has played a significant role in regional development. The agency’s website states: “In Kazakhstan, USAID promotes the U.S. government's Central Asia Strategy, which supports and strengthens the sovereignty and independence of Central Asian countries, both individually and collectively. It also promotes regional connectivity between Central Asia and Afghanistan, advances the rule of law and respect for human rights, and improves the climate for U.S. investment to foster greater regional stability and prosperity.” Since 1992, USAID has funded projects in Kazakhstan focusing on economic diversification, energy, environmental protection, healthcare, and support for media and NGOs. In addition to funding NGOs, USAID collaborates with KazAID, Kazakhstan’s foreign aid agency operating under the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Reactions from NGO Leaders Denis Dzhivaga, director of the Kazakhstan International Bureau for Human Rights and Rule of Law (KIBHR), told The Times of Central Asia that the aid suspension had been anticipated. “Such a measure was expected," said Dzhivaga. "Even during the election campaign and Trump’s previous presidency, it was clear that he prioritized domestic policy over foreign influence. All NGOs working with USAID and receiving State Department assistance have received letters to halt projects.” However, Dzhivaga noted that KIBHR has limited cooperation with U.S. agencies, so the impact on his organization will be minimal. “In any case, this will negatively affect the NGO sector. The suspension is for three months pending an audit, but even USAID does not seem to know what will happen afterward. I don’t think U.S. assistance to Kazakhstan and Central Asia will stop entirely, but certain projects may be reconsidered - especially those related to discrimination, gender issues, and LGBT rights, as President Trump has already expressed opposition to such initiatives.” Replacing U.S. funding with alternative grants will be challenging, he added. “European donors are already struggling to finance Ukraine, so they are unlikely to allocate substantial funds elsewhere. Many U.S.-backed...

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Uzbekistan Airways Reroutes Flights to Europe, Avoiding Russia and Belarus

Uzbekistan Airways has altered its flight routes to Europe, bypassing Russian and Belarusian airspace. The airline’s chairman, Shukhrat Khudoykulov, announced the decision at a press conference on January 28, according to local media reports. Flights are now taking a more southern route through Azerbaijan and Turkey. The change took effect on January 20, 2025. Reason for the Rerouting The airline’s press service told Kun.uz that the decision was made based on a recommendation from the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) and was not related to the recent Azerbaijan Airlines crash. “This is a recommendation from the European Aviation Safety Agency since we also serve European passengers,” the airline’s statement said. The change comes in the wake of the Azerbaijan Airlines crash on December 25, 2024. The aircraft, which was flying from Baku to the Russian city of Grozny, crashed near Aktau, Kazakhstan. Of the 67 people on board, 38 died, while 29 survived. Initial reports suggested that a Russian air defense system may have mistakenly shot down the plane during a Ukrainian drone attack on Grozny. A missile reportedly exploded near the aircraft, damaging its fuselage. Kazakhstan, which initially led the investigation, has transferred the case to Brazil’s aviation safety agency (CENIPA). The findings have been sent back to Kazakhstan and are expected to be released soon. Impact on Flight Times and Costs In response to Repost.uz, Uzbekistan Airways clarified that the change was made as a precautionary measure and also to helps optimize flight routes. The rerouting has increased travel distances. For example, the Tashkent-Munich flight, which previously covered 4,849 kilometers when flying through Russia, now spans 5,156 kilometers. This adds 30 to 40 minutes to flight times and raises operational costs for the airline.

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Kazakhstan Restricts Poultry Imports from U.S. and Germany Due to Avian Flu

Kazakhstan has temporarily suspended the import of poultry products from Delaware and South Carolina in the United States, as well as from the German state of Baden-Württemberg, due to outbreaks of avian flu in these regions. The decision was announced by Kazakhstan's authorities and is based on data from the World Organization for Animal Health. The ban covers a broad range of items, including live poultry, hatching eggs, down and feathers, poultry meat, and any poultry products that have not been heat-treated at a minimum temperature of 70°C. Additionally, the restrictions apply to feed and feed additives (excluding those derived from plants or produced through chemical or microbiological synthesis), hunting trophies from game birds that have not undergone taxidermy treatment, and used equipment for poultry farming, slaughter, and processing. The measures concerning Baden-Württemberg took effect on January 20. These steps follow earlier restrictions imposed on January 14, when Kazakhstan banned livestock imports from Germany due to an outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease in the Brandenburg region. Kazakhstan’s veterinary authorities continue to monitor the global epizootic situation closely in order to respond swiftly to any threats posed by the spread of dangerous animal diseases.

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Nazarbayev Agrees to Meet Belarusian President Lukashenko

Former Kazakh President Nursultan Nazarbayev has agreed to meet with Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko, according to a statement released by the Belarusian leader’s press service. “Today, there was a very warm, friendly conversation between the President of Belarus and the First President of Kazakhstan. Nursultan Nazarbayev cordially congratulated Alexander Lukashenko on his election victory and conveyed his sincere congratulations and greetings to the Belarusian people. Alexander Lukashenko also warmly thanked Nursultan Nazarbayev for his kind words and wishes. The Belarusian leader and the First President of Kazakhstan agreed to find an opportunity to meet and talk in the near future,” the statement read. The meeting is part of a series of diplomatic engagements Nazarbayev has undertaken recently. In December 2024, he held a high-profile meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin at the Novo-Ogaryovo residence. That visit sparked considerable public attention in Kazakhstan, with some parliamentarians expressing concern. Mazhilis Deputy Samat Nurtaza stated that such meetings cause him “internal anxiety.” Meanwhile, Deputy Yermurat Bapi suggested that Nazarbayev’s visit to Russia might be linked to the “Kazakhgate-2” case currently under review in the United States. Lukashenko, who has ruled Belarus since 1994, has faced significant international criticism following his re-election on January 26, a process widely dismissed in the West as neither free nor fair. While the Belarusian Central Election Commission reported that Lukashenko secured 87.6% of the vote, the European Union and other international organizations denounced the results as “fictitious” and criticized the election for failing to meet democratic standards. Despite the controversy, Lukashenko has received congratulations from various world leaders, including Kazakh President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, who reportedly congratulated Lukashenko during a phone call. According to the state-run BelTA news agency, the election was monitored by 486 international observers from 52 countries, as well as over 44,000 national representatives. However, independent observers and western governments have cast doubt on the credibility of these reports. The forthcoming Nazarbayev-Lukashenko meeting is expected to further discussions on regional and bilateral issues, though no specific details have been released.

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Kyrgyzstan Cautions Citizens as Trump Targets Chicago in Migrant Crackdown

Kyrgyzstan opened a consulate in Chicago in 2022 because of the growing Kyrgyz population there. A Kyrgyz community center operates in a Chicago suburb. Kyrgyz cuisine can be sampled in the so-called “Windy City” as well. Now the city is a focal point of U.S. President Donald Trump’s plans for the mass deportation of migrants that he says are in the country without permission, and Kyrgyzstan is warning its citizens to follow U.S. immigration law and always carry relevant documents with them. Some people in immigrant communities in Chicago had been uneasy in the last week, expecting federal raids and arrests after Trump’s inauguration on Jan. 20. The U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agency said on Sunday that operations were conducted in the city “to enforce U.S. immigration law and preserve public safety and national security by keeping potentially dangerous criminal aliens out of our communities.” Deportations of Central Asians increased in the last year of former President Joe Biden’s term. It is unclear to what extent Trump’s deportation plan, one of his key election campaign pledges, will affect people from Kyrgyzstan and other Central Asian countries who are in the United States. Many of the people likely to be affected on Trump’s watch are from larger immigrant communities, including those with roots in Latin America. But in an uncertain, fast-moving environment, Kyrgyzstan is warning its nationals not to take any chances. “Due to recent changes in the United States' immigration policy, the country's official authorities are taking measures to stop illegal immigration at the border and identify individuals residing in the country without legal grounds,” the Kyrgyz embassy in Washington said Monday on social media. Kyrgyzstan advised its citizens “currently in the United States or planning to travel there to strictly adhere to the new provisions of immigration laws and to carry all necessary documents confirming their legal status at all times,” according to the statement. It was accompanied by an image of a loudspeaker blaring the words: “Important message!” Chicago officials had promised to protect migrants under a “sanctuary city” policy in which they don’t cooperate with federal deportation efforts, placing the metropolis in the crosshairs of Trump’s plan. Chicago is the third-largest city in the United States, with a population of nearly three million. A 2023 commentary in the Chicago Council on Global Affairs quotes Nurdin Mamatzhan, president of the Kyrgyz Community Center, as saying there are more than 10,000 people from Kyrgyzstan in the Midwestern city. The number is several times higher, according to another estimate. --- The Kyrgyz government provided contact details for questions about staying in the United States: Embassy of the Kyrgyz Republic in the United States and Canada 2360 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Washington D.C. 20008 Email: kgconsulate.washington@mfa.gov.kg Phone: +1 202 256 2924, +1 202 449 9823, +1 202 449 9822 Consulate General of the Kyrgyz Republic in Chicago 100 North LaSalle Street, Suite 1610, Chicago, IL 60602 Email: kgconsulate.chicago@mfa.gov.kg Phone: +1 312 929 3442, +1 312 994 2416

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CSTO to Strengthen Tajik-Afghan Border in 2025

The Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) will begin implementing a program to reinforce the Tajik-Afghan border in 2025, CSTO Secretary General Imangali Tasmagambetov announced during a meeting in Moscow on Thursday, according to Interfax. Tasmagambetov explained that the program outlines concrete measures to enhance security along the southern boundary of the CSTO’s area of responsibility. This announcement was made during a meeting reviewing the CSTO secretariat’s and joint staff’s activities in 2024, as well as outlining objectives for 2025. The meeting was attended by Andrei Serdyukov, head of the CSTO joint staff. In 2024, the CSTO finalized and signed agreements related to equipping its collective forces with modern weapons and military equipment. The organization also conducted joint operational and combat training exercises and actively collaborated with international organizations. As it looks ahead to 2025, the CSTO is drafting an action plan to focus on key priorities, including securing the Tajik-Afghan border, which has long been a source of concern for member states. The organization includes six member countries: Russia, Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan, though in December 2024, Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan stated that his country’s relations with the CSTO have passed the “point of no return.” The Shamsiddin Shokhin section of the Tajik-Afghan border, spanning more than 100 kilometers, has been particularly problematic for years. This area has witnessed numerous security incidents, including hostage-taking and attacks on Tajik citizens and military personnel. The CSTO’s planned measures aim to address these challenges and bolster the security of this vulnerable region. By strengthening border security, the organization is seeking to reduce the risks posed by cross-border threats, including illegal trafficking and extremist activity.