Turkmenistan Fines Citizens Over Social Media Likes as Digital Controls Tighten

Authorities in Turkmenistan have tightened control over citizens’ online activity, with district courts in Ashgabat reportedly hearing administrative cases daily against people accused of liking or commenting on posts critical of the government on TikTok, YouTube, and other social media platforms. The cases were reported by Chronicles of Turkmenistan. The platforms in question remain inaccessible in Turkmenistan without VPN services, which the government has systematically tried to block. According to available information, security services are identifying citizens who regularly visit banned online resources. Those individuals are then summoned to police stations, where they are interrogated and warned about the consequences of further online activity. The cases are then transferred to lower courts. In most instances, first-time offenders are fined approximately $10. There have also been separate cases in which obscene language online has served as grounds for administrative prosecution. In Turkmenabat, authorities have begun transferring internet subscribers from outdated ADSL connections to Ethernet. As previously reported by Chronicles of Turkmenistan, telecommunications workers are replacing old cables and installing new lines in apartments at no charge. However, users must purchase their own routers, which currently cost between $25 and $30 in local markets. According to the latest CIVICUS report, Turkmenistan has significantly tightened digital controls and restrictions on access to uncensored information in recent months. In its updated assessment, CIVICUS notes that despite official statements about improving digital infrastructure, Turkmenistan’s government has also increased pressure on alternative internet access channels, including equipment linked to Starlink. The organization warns that the expansion of Ethernet networks may also be intended to increase centralized monitoring and control of internet traffic. In neighboring Tajikistan, the legal direction has been different. As previously reported by The Times of Central Asia, President Emomali Rahmon signed a law in May 2025 decriminalizing likes and other reactions to social media posts that had previously carried criminal liability. Turkmenistan’s practice of fining citizens for online activity points in the opposite direction, toward tighter state control over the internet in a country where access to independent information remains severely restricted.

Uzbekistan Weighs Social Media Restrictions for Children Under 16

Uzbekistan is considering introducing legal restrictions on social media use by children under the age of 16, adding its name to a growing list of Central Asian countries debating how to protect minors in the digital age. According to Gazeta.uz, the proposal was announced by Minister of Preschool and School Education E’zozxon Karimova following an event at the ministry on June 26. Speaking to the publication, Karimova said discussions had already taken place with members of parliament and the Senate, and that a draft law could soon be prepared for public consultation. “We are currently thinking about this issue. We have discussed it with our deputies and senators. We want to prepare a draft law and submit it for public discussion. I believe we should also have such regulations,” Karimova said. The proposal comes as governments across the region grapple with concerns over children’s exposure to harmful online content, cyberbullying, and excessive screen time. Karimova stressed that the objective is not to remove smartphones from children’s lives but to encourage responsible use through legal safeguards and stronger enforcement. “We live in the age of technology. We cannot simply take phones away from our children. Of course, they need them. But there should also be a culture and limits to their use,” she said. She noted that Uzbekistan already requires students to leave their phones before entering school and has rules governing student behavior. However, she acknowledged that enforcement remains inconsistent. “These rules work in some places and not in others. We now want to strengthen enforcement and legally restrict children under the age of 16 from using social media,” Karimova added. The debate mirrors similar discussions elsewhere in Central Asia. Earlier this year, The Times of Central Asia reported that Kazakhstan was considering legislative amendments to prohibit children under 16 from registering on social media platforms, while exempting messaging services. Lawmakers in Kazakhstan say the proposals are intended to shield children from harmful content, including violence and pornography, while reducing cyberbullying. According to Kazakhstani officials, approximately 200 cases of bullying and cyberbullying involving children had already been recorded in 2025, prompting calls for tighter regulation. The government has also been exploring age verification mechanisms, including SIM card registration for younger users, alongside expanded digital literacy education in schools. A similar debate emerged in neighboring Tajikistan last year. As previously reported by The Times of Central Asia, lawmakers proposed banning social media access for children under 14 and requiring written parental consent for teenagers aged 14 to 17. While supporters argued that stricter controls were necessary to protect children from harmful online content, critics maintained that digital literacy, parental involvement, and education would be more effective than blanket restrictions. Uzbekistan has not yet published a draft law, and Karimova indicated that any proposal would first undergo public discussion before being submitted for legislative consideration.