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household income

Kazakhstan Targets Growth in Real Household Income

The government of Kazakhstan plans to increase real household income by 2–3% by 2029, according to the Ministry of National Economy. The program includes measures to stimulate employment, raise wages, support entrepreneurship, and create sustainable jobs. Key priorities include increasing wages for public utility workers, civil servants, and agricultural workers; expanding the share of wages in GDP; creating jobs in the manufacturing sector; supporting export-oriented enterprises; and reducing the financial burden on households. The ministry said 2026 will be a pivotal year for establishing sustainable income growth. A joint plan by the government, the National Bank, and the Agency for Regulation and Development of the Financial Market aims to reduce inflation to 9-11% in 2026, 5.5-7.5% in 2027, and 5-7% in 2028. Authorities expect that slowing inflation will increase the purchasing power of incomes. Inflation has already declined from 12.9% in September 2025 to 11% in March 2026. From April 1, tariff policy will be implemented more cautiously. The ministry estimates that tariff increases will add no more than 0.35 percentage points to inflation. At the same time, electricity and transportation tariffs for producers of socially significant goods are set to be reduced by up to 70%. The government also plans to limit the growth of budget expenditures, with their share of GDP expected to decline to 15.1% in 2026. Reductions in transfers from the National Fund will continue, and for the first time in five years, the budget is expected to be executed without targeted transfers. In 2025, targeted transfers from the fund amounted to approximately $6.9 billion, while the guaranteed transfer for 2026 has been set at $5.8 billion. According to the National Statistics Bureau, nominal household income grew by 10.2% in 2025, while real income declined by 1.1%. Average per capita income stood at approximately $506. The ministry noted that the decline in real incomes indicates that economic growth is not sufficiently translating into improved living standards, underscoring the need for additional measures to create jobs and raise wages. The Times of Central Asia previously reported that Prime Minister Olzhas Bektenov called for increasing the share of wages in GDP to 40%.

Trade

Kyrgyzstan Prioritizes Export Support as External Trade Declines

Kyrgyzstan is intensifying efforts to support domestic exporters as the country faces a sustained decline in foreign trade. Authorities now regard export development as a central pillar of economic policy. First Deputy Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers Daniyar Amangeldiyev reiterated this position during a meeting of the Export Development Council on March 24. The government is considering a range of practical measures aimed at strengthening export capacity. Among them is a pilot programme to partially reimburse transportation and logistics costs. The initiative is intended to reduce the price of Kyrgyz goods in foreign markets and enhance their competitiveness. At the same time, officials plan to expand access to financing through a new preferential credit facility titled “Export Contract Financing.” The mechanism is designed to address exporters’ cash-flow constraints and support working capital, backed by insurance instruments and state guarantees. These steps come amid a significant deterioration in trade performance. According to the National Statistical Committee, Kyrgyzstan’s exports fell by 20.3% in January 2026, while imports increased by 6.1%. The decline reflects a broader trend. In 2025, exports dropped by 44.5%, while imports rose by 3.9%. Total foreign trade turnover reached $15.8 billion, representing a decrease of 10.2% compared to 2024. Kyrgyzstan’s export geography remains relatively concentrated. In 2025, the country’s main export destinations were Russia (22.9%), Kazakhstan (15.9%), Switzerland (15.4%), Uzbekistan (14.2%), and the United Kingdom (8.2%). Imports, meanwhile, were dominated by China (37.2%), followed by Russia (24.6%) and Kazakhstan (10.9%). Such concentration increases the economy’s vulnerability to fluctuations in demand among a limited number of trading partners. The sharp fall in exports was driven largely by declining gold shipments, Kyrgyzstan’s principal export commodity. According to the Ministry of Economy, gold exports fell by a factor of 3.7 in 2025. Gold accounted for 23.9% of total exports, underscoring the country’s dependence on a single commodity. Both external and domestic factors contributed to the downturn. Weaker demand in key partner markets, including Russia and Kazakhstan, reduced export volumes. At the same time, temporary government restrictions on the export of certain goods, such as scrap metal and livestock, also constrained trade flows.

Esports

Games, Ambitions, and a New Industry: How Esports are Developing in Kazakhstan

Just ten years ago, esports in Kazakhstan were widely seen as little more than a hobby for teenagers and university students. Today, the situation has changed dramatically. The industry is expanding, international tournaments are being hosted in the country, and Kazakhstani players are competing on the global stage. The development of infrastructure, growing government support, and the success of individual esports athletes are gradually making Kazakhstan a visible player on the global esports map. From Computer Clubs to International Arenas The first esports competitions in Kazakhstan were held in small computer clubs, which became centres for the formation of local gaming communities. Over time, the standard of tournaments rose, and audiences grew. Today, Kazakhstan hosts major international competitions. One such event was the PGL Astana 2025 Counter-Strike 2 tournament, held in the capital. Featuring some of the world’s strongest teams, the event had a prize pool of $1,250,000. Team Spirit defeated Astralis in the final. The tournament attracted thousands of spectators to the arena and a large online audience worldwide. Mobile esports are developing in parallel. In spring 2025, Almaty hosted the PUBG Mobile Super League Central & South Asia Spring 2025. Teams from across the region took part, competing for a total prize pool of $200,000. Alpha Gaming won the tournament after demonstrating consistent performance throughout the championship. Hosting events at this scale highlights Kazakhstan’s growing attractiveness as a venue for international esports tournaments. Government Support and Future Plans The rising popularity of esports has prompted the government to view the sector as a promising area for development. In 2025, the Concept for the Development of Esports in Kazakhstan for 2025-2029 was approved. The document outlines plans to create a comprehensive system for player development. These include expanding school and university leagues, organising regional tournaments, and developing infrastructure for training professional teams. According to projections, the country’s esports audience could reach around 5 million people by 2026. Kazakhstan is also preparing to host the international “Games of the Future” in 2026, a large-scale “phygital” event combining traditional sports and esports. Organisers have indicated a multi-million dollar prize fund, with figures varying depending on the competition structure. Hosting such a tournament could become one of the biggest esports milestones in the region’s history. A New Generation of Stars Kazakhstan’s esports scene has long been regarded as one of the strongest in the CIS region, particularly in Counter-Strike 2 and Counter-Strike: Global Offensive. In recent years, several players from the country have gained international recognition. Among them is Abay “HObbit” Khasenov, champion of one of the biggest CS:GO tournaments, PGL Major Kraków 2017. Also well-known are Alexey “Qikert” Golubev, who played for Virtus.pro, and Dauren “AdreN” Kystaubayev, one of the most experienced players on the Kazakhstani scene and a winner of major international championships. Their achievements have helped shape Kazakhstan’s reputation as a country with a strong Counter-Strike tradition. A new generation is continuing this legacy. One of its most notable representatives is Counter-Strike 2 player Danil “molodoy” Golubenko, who is...

Agriculture

Kazakhstan Considers Supporting Dairy Sector to Curb Inflation

Kazakhstan’s government is considering additional support for dairy processors and bakeries as part of broader efforts to slow inflation and stabilize prices for essential food products. The proposal was discussed during a government meeting focused on inflation dynamics and price trends for socially significant food products. According to Aizhan Bizhanova, Kazakhstan’s First Vice Minister of Trade and Integration, inflation in the country has been slowing for five consecutive months, declining from 12.9% in September 2025 to 11.7% in February 2026. Food inflation has also continued to ease, falling from 13.5% in December and 12.9% in January to 12.7% in February. The ministry attributes the slowdown in part to the expansion of the list of socially significant food products subject to price regulation. The list has been expanded from 19 to 31 items, and since the beginning of the year authorities have opened more than 800 administrative cases related to violations of pricing rules. “During the first week of March, the price index for socially significant food products increased by 0.1%. At the same time, dairy products recorded price growth, mainly due to rising costs of raw milk,” the government’s press service said in a statement. Additional pressure on prices has also come from higher energy costs and increased production expenses. Dairy products account for a significant share of Kazakhstan’s food inflation, estimated at about 6.3%. The Ministry of Trade and Integration therefore proposed exploring mechanisms to support dairy processing enterprises in order to reduce production costs and stabilize prices. The government also discussed possible support measures for Kazakhstan’s bakery sector. Among the options considered were providing bakeries with discounted grain and flour and exploring the possibility of lowering railway tariffs for transporting raw materials. Officials suggested working with the national railway operator Kazakhstan Temir Zholy to reduce transportation costs for the sector. Participants at the meeting noted that prices traditionally rise in March due to seasonal factors. However, the Ministry of Trade and Integration plans to mitigate the impact through additional price discount campaigns and expanded agricultural fairs. Kazakhstan also continues to use a “green corridor” mechanism to facilitate the import of vegetables from neighboring countries. Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of National Economy Serik Zhumangarin, who chaired the meeting, instructed authorities to conduct a detailed review of pricing at 42 dairy processing enterprises operating in Kazakhstan. The aim is to identify effective mechanisms for supporting producers and stabilizing consumer prices. Officials also highlighted slow releases of vegetables from regional stabilization funds, which supply products to the market at fixed prices. The slow pace was particularly noted in the Aktobe, Zhambyl, Kyzylorda, and Ulytau regions. Zhumangarin instructed the Ministries of Agriculture and Trade to inspect regional stabilization funds and verify the actual availability of products reported by local authorities. Despite recent improvements, several international organizations expect inflation in Kazakhstan to remain elevated in 2026. S&P Global Ratings forecasts inflation will reach about 11% by the end of the year. The Eurasian Development Bank predicts inflation could fall to 9.7% by...

Healthcare Policy

Doctors in Kyrgyzstan to Receive Double Salaries and Subsidized Housing

The Kyrgyz government plans to significantly expand social support for medical workers. According to Health Minister Kanybek Dosmambetov, beginning in April 2026, all doctors across the country will receive a 100% salary increase. In addition, 5,000 mortgage apartments will be provided to medical personnel on a priority basis, bypassing the general housing queue. Dosmambetov announced these measures during visits to the oncology and oncohematology departments of the National Center for Maternal and Child Health and the Center for Child Rehabilitation and Family Support in Bishkek, where he extended New Year greetings to patients and medical staff. Beyond the upcoming salary hike, medical professionals can already benefit from the state mortgage program, which offers access to housing at subsidized interest rates without the standard waiting period. These initiatives, according to the minister, aim to retain skilled personnel in the healthcare sector and enhance the overall appeal of the medical profession. “The ministry has been tasked with effectively reforming the healthcare system, establishing sustainable and transparent mechanisms for its operation, upgrading medical infrastructure, developing maternal and child healthcare, and strengthening public health and disease prevention services,” Dosmambetov said. He added that the coming period will be pivotal for Kyrgyzstan’s healthcare system. Government priorities include establishing a seamless supply chain for affordable, high-quality medicines, ensuring equitable operating conditions for private medical institutions, and reinforcing management discipline and accountability at all administrative levels. Particular attention will also be paid to the adoption of digital technologies aimed at increasing the transparency and accessibility of healthcare services and laying the groundwork for further structural reforms.

Capital Markets

Uzbekistan Unveils New Capital Market Reforms to Attract $1 Billion in Investment

Uzbekistan has approved a presidential decree aimed at enhancing the investment climate in the country’s capital markets. According to the Ministry of Justice, the reform package is designed to attract $1 billion in new investments by 2030 through the introduction of modern financial instruments. As part of this strategy, authorities plan to issue corporate bonds worth five trillion Uzbekistani som (approximately $415 million) to expand funding opportunities for local businesses. The ministry noted that the decree also focuses on improving investor protection by introducing mechanisms expected to eliminate over 85 percent of current violations in the capital market. A key component of the reform is the indefinite extension of the “Regulatory Sandbox”, a special legal regime that allows financial institutions to test innovative products under simplified regulatory conditions. Within the sandbox framework, Uzbek legal entities can apply for participant status, while foreign organizations and local investment funds may offer financial services related to the safe custody and accounting of securities they issue or hold. The decree also permits issuers, in specific cases outlined by law, to release unsecured corporate bonds exceeding the size of their own capital, broadening fundraising options for businesses. Separately, Uzbekistan has taken a major step toward digital finance. As previously reported, the Wallet service on the Telegram messaging platform officially launched in Uzbekistan on December 9, giving over 27 million local users access to cryptocurrency transactions. The service supports major digital assets such as Bitcoin, Toncoin, and USDT, enabling users to buy, store, and transfer crypto using local payment systems. The launch reflects Uzbekistan’s broader ambition to position itself as a regional hub for regulated digital financial services.