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Children’s Blood Lead Levels in Kyrgyzstan to be Investigated

Kyrgyzstan has started preparing for its first comprehensive study on blood lead levels in children between the ages of 1 and 6. This project is being implemented by the National Institute of Public Health, the National Center for Health Promotion and Mass Communication, and with the support of the Ministry of Health and the Department of Disease Prevention. The study will focus on three key areas. First, an information and education campaign to raise awareness among parents and healthcare providers about the risks of lead poisoning will be launched. Second, the prevalence of lead in children will be assessed to determine the extent of the problem. Third, the study will address environmental analysis to identify sources of lead contamination. Exposure to lead is hazardous for children, as this toxic metal can cause serious health problems even at low levels of exposure. Lead affects brain development, leading to decreased cognitive function, developmental delays, behavioral issues, impaired learning, and reduced concentration ability. Children exposed to lead can also develop kidney and blood pressure problems. On September 26-27, in preparation for the project, specialists from the Health Promotion Cabinets attended a communications training where they studied theoretical and practical aspects of the impact of lead on the body, methods of prevention, and the importance of public awareness. The problem of lead contamination in Kyrgyzstan is still understudied despite many sources of contamination, including tailing ponds, old batteries, and cottage industries. The study is being conducted within the framework of the project “Reducing the Risk of Lead Poisoning in Children” and was made possible through the cooperation of Kyrgyzstan's Ministry of Health, the Pure Earth project, and the public association “ECOIS-Bishkek.” The results of this study will become the basis for the development of targeted programs aimed at minimizing the impact of lead on children's health.

Healthcare UNICEF Children health security Air Pollution

Air Pollution Linked to One in Five Infant Deaths in Central Asia

According to a report by UNICEF, an estimated 6,441 children and teenagers died from causes attributable to air pollution in 23 countries across Europe and Central Asia in 2021. Statistics show that 85% of the children died in the first year of their lives, and one in five infant deaths were linked to air pollution. As stated in the report, “Most deaths were attributed to ambient and household fine particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5). And all of these deaths were preventable." In 2021, the region's children and teenagers lost more than 580,000 years of healthy life (DALYs) as a result of premature death and disability caused by air pollution. Compared to other environmental factors, including high temperatures, unsafe water, and poor sanitation, polluted air has been found, by far, the most life-threatening. Exposure to PM2.5 air pollution is also associated with higher rates of miscarriage, early fetal loss, preterm birth, and low birth weight and in pregnant women, increases the risk of gestational diabetes, high blood pressure, and postpartum depression. By restricting fetal growth, air pollution can significantly increase the risk of disease, heart defects, pneumonia, asthma, eczema, allergies, and high blood pressure. Even before birth, air pollution can harms a child’s lungs, brain, and organs, affecting cognitive development and raising the risk of respiratory diseases throughout the child's life. Since children breathe more air relative to their body weight, they absorb more pollutants than adults, and for this reason, newborns are especially vulnerable to pneumonia, a leading cause of infant death. Air pollution in Europe and Central Asia, especially from PM2.5 and PM10 particles, is mainly caused by the use of fossil fuels in homes, businesses, and institutions. Coal is especially harmful to children’s health. Energy sources vary between and within countries depending on power supplies and infrastructure. High levels of air pollution from the use of coal for residential heating in winter, coupled with the interaction of ambient air pollution with indoor air pollution in homes, schools, health care facilities, etc., are cited by UNICEF as the primary sources of exposure for children. UNICEF notes the importance of the region's governments and institutions focusing more attention and resources to air pollution prevention, energy efficiency, clean energy use, supporting clean air measures, and protecting children from exposure. The organization also emphasizes the need to develop air quality warning systems and corresponding action plans for schools and kindergartens in Europe and Central Asia. Last but not least, as a measure to improve air quality, UNICEF recommends enhancing data collection to better understand local pollution, campaigns promoting clean energy and energy efficiency in homes, and a strict smoking bans in indoor public spaces. High levels of air pollution observed in Central Asian countries is ongoing and the subject of several articles previously covered by The Times of Central Asia.

Healthcare UNDP health security International Relations WHO DHS

WHO and UNDP to Upgrade Kazakhstan’s Virological Labs

Kazakhstan’s Ministry of Healthcare, the World Health Organization (WHO) Office in Kazakhstan, and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) have announced a strategic partnership to upgrade the country's critical health infrastructure, supported by a three-year grant from the Pandemic Fund. As reported by UNDP in Kazakhstan, the collaboration will better prepare Kazakhstan for potential pandemics by enhancing its management of response to infectious diseases. Key components of the initiative include renovating and modernizing Almaty's virological laboratory and the construction of another in Turkestan. Both facilities will incorporate SMART (Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology) as well as “green” technologies to ensure sustainability and environmental responsibility. The project also includes the renovation of the National Scientific Center of Especially Dangerous Infections in Almaty to improve the infrastructure, functionality, and safety standards of its virological and bacteriological laboratories, and the modernization of sanitary and quarantine checkpoints across Kazakhstan. Russia earlier reported on the alleged existence of US laboratories developing biological weapons in Kazakhstan. Issued by the Kremlin-controlled media in the wake of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the report's claims have been staunchly denied by Zauresh Zhumadilova, Director General of the National Scientific Center of Especially Dangerous Infections under the Ministry of Health of Kazakhstan. According to Zhumadilova, all laboratories in Kazakhstan belong to the government and are controlled by the country’s Ministry of Health. In June, Kazakhstan’s Deputy Minister of Culture and Information Kanat Iskakov, also commented on rumors concerning the alleged existence of foreign biological laboratories in Kazakhstan and reiterated, “The [Kazakh] Ministry of Foreign Affairs and authorized bodies have several times stated that there are no biological laboratories run by the USA or any other country, in Kazakhstan." He added that the research center in Almaty, fully funded by the state, is run by local specialists. Reuters has reported that artificial intelligence (AI) was behind the fake news, originated in China, about the existence of U.S. laboratories allegedly developing biological weapons in Kazakhstan. Referencing the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) 2024 Homeland Threat Assessment, the agency stated that a Chinese government-controlled news site using a generative AI platform, had promoted a previously circulated false claim that the United States was running a lab in Kazakhstan to create biological weapons for use against China. According to DHS, China and other adversaries are developing AI technologies that could undermine U.S. cyber defenses, including generative AI programs that support malware attacks. In response, Reuters reports that the Biden administration is poised to launch a new front to safeguard the U.S. from AI technologies developed by China and Russia, and comments on the potential employment of AI by U.S. adversaries to wage aggressive cyberattacks or even create potent biological weapons.

Healthcare health security restrictions Abortion

Doctors in Turkmenistan Ordered Not To Perform Abortions

Turkmenistan has imposed severe restrictions on conducting abortions, effectively banning them. In recent weeks, government officials have been visiting hospitals and clinics, and warning doctors that they will be stripped of their diplomas if they do. According to Radio Azatlyk, sources from different regions of the country say that doctors have been forced to refuse women seeking abortions, even though the law allows it within the first five weeks of pregnancy. The authorities have not commented on the reasons for yet another tightening of measures to prevent abortions. However, according to several doctors in Ashgabat, it may be due to a sharp increase in teenage pregnancies. At the same time, doctors note that many young girls, unable to have a legal abortion, resort to dangerous methods of terminating pregnancy, resulting in serious risks to their health. Despite the bans, there are still doctors who continue to perform abortions clandestinely. The cost of such services has increased significantly, and varies depending on the term of the pregnancy.

Uzbekistan hazardous waste FAO health security Environmental Awareness EU Cooperation Food Security Agriculture

EU and FAO Aid Uzbekistan’s Management of Hazardous Chemicals

On 1 May, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the Ministry of Ecology, Environmental Protection and Climate Change of Uzbekistan held an inception workshop in Tashkent on technical assistance for the sound management of hazardous chemicals. The joint venture, implemented with financial support from the European Union, is designed to enhance the effectiveness of mechanisms and tools for the management of hazardous chemicals and related waste. A key goal cited by the EU Delegation to Uzbekistan, is to reduce the use of dangerous pesticides in agriculture, through the introduction and promotion of alternative methodologies amongst farmers. Aziz Abdukhakimov, Minister of Ecology, Environmental Protection and Climate Change, stressed that by actively striving to reduce the use of highly hazardous pesticides, Uzbekistan aims to lower their adverse impact on the nation’s health and environment, in addition to making a significant contribution to UN Sustainable Development Goals. Regarding plans to address the issue, he announced, “We need to revise our inventory of contaminated areas of former agricultural airfields and other sites, the last of which, was carried out in the ‘90s when more than 450 former agricultural airfields were identified.” Praising the move, Wim Riepma, Head of Cooperation Section, EU Delegation to Uzbekistan, stated: "Our partnership with the Government of Uzbekistan and FAO exemplifies a collective commitment to protecting the environment and public health, by cleaning up legacy waste, by improving waste management, and by reducing pesticide waste production. Integrated pest management and awareness of health and environmental risks are key to a healthier, environment- friendly and economically viable agriculture sector.” Sherzod Umarov, Assistant FAO Representative in Uzbekistan, likewise emphasized, "The project implementation will enable an improved institutional capacity for sound pesticide management and better data on hazardous wastes in agriculture allowing development of a national waste management strategy. The project also aims to scale up green practices in the agricultural sector leading to reduced risks to farmers and consumers from the use of pesticides and to food production relying on less toxic pesticides and biological protection tools.”

health security US aid Kyrgyzstan

US Helps Kyrgyzstan Prepare for Future Pandemics

A Global Health Security and Pandemic Preparedness Program was launched last week. The joint initiative between the United States, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Food and Agriculture Organization, the World Health Organization, and a consortium of other organizations, aims to improve Kyrgyzstan’s resilience against public health emergencies and coordinates with the United Nation’s ‘One Health’ policy linking human, animal, and environmental health. As reported by the U.S. Embassy in Bishkek, the program will target seven key areas in Kyrgyzstan: tracking and reducing antimicrobial resistance; monitoring zoonotic diseases transmissible between animals and humans; strengthening national laboratory systems; disease surveillance; building capacity within the healthcare workforce; developing risk communication and community engagement strategies; and bolstering health emergency management. U.S. Ambassador to the Kyrgyz Republic Lesslie Viguerie stated, “The United States Government ranks global health security among its top five priorities. Today’s event marks the next chapter in our long collaboration for improving Kyrgyz health care. We worked side-by-side during the COVID-19 pandemic and continued to do so in the pandemic recovery phase. We have made tremendous advancements in detecting and treating tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS. Many lives have been saved thanks to the collaborative efforts between our governments. With the timely launch of the National Action Plan for Health Security last year, the Kyrgyz Republic is taking a lead role to prepare its health systems for any future pandemics.” The Deputy Minister of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic Bubuzhan Arykbaeva further endorsed the initiative saying, “We are confident that with USAID funding this program will play a critical role in supporting key technical areas of the National Action Plan for Health Security. The implementation of the Global Health Security program in the Kyrgyz Republic will allow our country to create a more stable foundation for future response to threats in the field of public health.”