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Public health

Kyrgyzstan Tests Public Health Emergency Response Ahead of World Nomad Games

Kyrgyzstan has carried out large-scale interagency public health emergency exercises as part of preparations for the sixth World Nomad Games, which will take place from August 31 to September 6. Authorities say health security has become one of the key components of planning for what is expected to be the country's largest international event of the year. The two-day simulation exercise was held on July 14-15 in Cholpon-Ata, in the Issyk-Kul region. It brought together representatives of the Ministry of Health, healthcare institutions, the World Health Organization (WHO), other government agencies, and international development partners. Participants rehearsed the response to a simulated outbreak of acute intestinal infection and cases of an unidentified illness during a major international gathering. Field exercises were conducted in the Kyrchyn Gorge, one of the main venues for the upcoming Games, and at the infectious diseases department of the Issyk-Kul District Center for General Medical Practice. The drills tested early detection of health threats, laboratory diagnostics, medical response, interagency coordination, and crisis communication. According to Gulbara Ishenapysova, Kyrgyzstan's Deputy Minister of Health and Chief State Sanitary Doctor, the exercises provided an opportunity to assess the country's emergency response system under conditions closely resembling a real public health crisis and to identify areas requiring further improvement. Acting WHO Representative in Kyrgyzstan Zhanara Bekenova said such exercises are essential for evaluating coordination, information sharing, and decision-making mechanisms ahead of large international events. Preparations for the Games extend well beyond sports infrastructure. As previously reported by The Times of Central Asia, the 2026 World Nomad Games mark the event’s return to Kyrgyzstan. The event is also intended to promote tourism and the country’s nomadic cultural heritage internationally. Following the exercises, the Ministry of Health plans to prepare recommendations to improve interagency cooperation and the preparedness of healthcare institutions. The recommendations will also cover risk communication and revisions to national public health emergency response plans. The sixth World Nomad Games are expected to attract participants from more than 95 countries. More than 3,000 members of sporting delegations and delegations representing culture and science are expected to attend. The event is also expected to draw more than 600 domestic and international media representatives. For more from our World Nomad Games 2026 special coverage, click here.

Public health

Tajikistan Shuts Down Counterfeit Children’s Medicines Operation

Law enforcement authorities in Dushanbe have shut down an underground operation that allegedly produced counterfeit pharmaceutical products, including medicines intended for children. According to the Dushanbe police department, the seized products included syrups sold under well-known brands including Nurofen, Paracetamol, Lazolvan, Theraflu, and others. Authorities said the products were manufactured in unsanitary conditions and distributed with falsified branding. During searches, police confiscated around 35,900 bottles of syrup, more than 405,000 packages and labels, over 600 kilograms of raw materials, and equipment allegedly used in the production process. A 42-year-old Dushanbe resident, Otabek Dadachonov, has been detained on suspicion of organizing the illegal operation. The Interior Ministry said he had previously been convicted of several economic crimes. Several alleged accomplices were also detained and are accused of helping produce packaging and distribute the counterfeit medicines. Investigators said the group operated through officially registered companies but did not have the licenses required to carry out pharmaceutical activity. Dushanbe police warned that the distribution of such counterfeit medicines could pose a serious threat to public health, especially for children. A criminal case has been opened under several articles of Tajikistan’s Criminal Code. The investigation is ongoing.

Drug Trafficking

Uzbekistan Toughens Anti-Drug Laws as Synthetic Narcotics and Online Trafficking Rise

Uzbekistan’s President Shavkat Mirziyoyev has approved tougher measures against drug trafficking and endorsed reforms aimed at protecting public health, particularly among young people, as authorities respond to the growing spread of synthetic drugs and internet-based narcotics sales. According to the presidential press service, Mirziyoyev reviewed proposed legislative changes aimed at protecting public health and the nation’s gene pool from drug abuse. The review also covered road safety concerns. Officials outlined the significance of a recently adopted law that increases criminal liability for the illegal circulation of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, their analogues, and other potent substances. The legislation, which had already been passed by parliament, introduces a new chapter in Uzbekistan’s Criminal Code titled “Crimes Against Public Health and the Nation’s Gene Pool.” Mirziyoyev signed the law following the presentation. The new provisions increase penalties for a range of offenses considered particularly dangerous to public health. They also introduce separate criminal liability for organizing illegal drug laboratories, facilitating drug trafficking operations, and running premises used for the illegal distribution or consumption of narcotics. More than 10 categories of drug-related crimes will face tougher punishment under the law. Officials told the president that Uzbekistan’s drug situation has changed significantly in recent years. Traditional narcotics are increasingly being replaced by synthetic drugs, while trafficking methods have shifted toward online platforms and contactless delivery systems. The emergence of clandestine drug laboratories inside the country has also highlighted the need for updated legal and institutional responses. A separate draft law, “On Narcotic Drugs and Potent Substances,” prepared by an interagency working group, was also presented. The proposed legislation identifies seven priority areas of state policy. These include raising public awareness, particularly among women and young people, preventing drug-related crimes committed online, and improving systems for early prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and social rehabilitation of people suffering from addiction. The draft law would also clearly define the responsibilities of 14 government agencies involved in combating drug trafficking and drug-related crime. Authorities plan to tighten oversight of the legal circulation of controlled substances through a digital monitoring system that would track them from import and production to distribution and sale. The presentation also addressed road safety. Officials noted that some traffic accidents resulting in serious injuries or fatalities had involved minors driving vehicles unlawfully. In response, proposals were discussed to improve enforcement mechanisms and increase accountability for such violations. As previously reported by The Times of Central Asia, Mirziyoyev dismissed several senior officials from the Interior Ministry in January, as well as from the National Guard and Emergency Situations Ministry. Among those removed was the head of the Agency for Control of Narcotics and Illegal Firearms, who was criticized for failing to effectively combat the illegal trafficking and use of drugs.

Taxation

Kyrgyzstan Weighs Higher Sugary Drink Taxes as Child Health Concerns Rise

Kyrgyzstan is considering higher taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages, including a new sugar-content-based excise system, as officials seek to curb rising rates of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease among children and adolescents. On May 26, the Kyrgyz Ministry of Health organized a high-level policy dialogue on the taxation of sugary drinks as part of the country’s strategy to prevent noncommunicable diseases and promote healthier diets. According to the ministry, noncommunicable diseases, including cardiovascular illnesses, cancer, and diabetes, remain the leading cause of premature deaths in Kyrgyzstan. Excessive consumption of sugary beverages is increasingly recognized as a major risk factor for obesity and diabetes, especially among younger age groups. The proposal would replace the current flat excise rate with a tiered system in which drinks with higher sugar content are taxed more heavily. The Ministry of Health has also proposed a separate excise tax on energy drinks, citing their sugar and caffeine content and potential risks for adolescents. The policy discussion brought together representatives of the Ministry of Health, parliament, international development organizations, civil society groups, and public health experts to review international experience, economic evidence, and possible approaches to taxing sugary beverages. According to the World Health Organization, more than 115 countries worldwide, including 22 countries in the WHO European Region, have already implemented various forms of taxation on sugar-sweetened beverages as part of efforts to improve public nutrition and reduce the health and economic burden caused by chronic diseases. International studies show that increasing the price of sugary drinks can reduce consumption and encourage healthier dietary habits. “Today, we are facing a significant increase in diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases, and the situation among children and adolescents is particularly alarming,” Deputy Health Minister Gulbara Ishenapysova said during the dialogue. “Sugar-sweetened beverages form unhealthy eating habits from an early age while providing no nutritional value. The state already incurs enormous costs for treating complications of diabetes, including hemodialysis, heart attacks, strokes, amputations, and disability.” According to Ishenapysova, increasing taxes on sugary drinks should be viewed “first and foremost as an investment in public health and the prevention of chronic diseases.” WHO Representative to Kyrgyzstan, Dr. Liviu Vedrasco, said the taxation of sugary beverages is not only a health policy measure but also an investment in the country’s future productivity and economic resilience. “International experience convincingly demonstrates that well-designed fiscal policy helps reduce sugar consumption, encourages producers to manufacture healthier products, and helps prevent noncommunicable diseases, especially among children and adolescents,” Vedrasco said. UNICEF Representative in Kyrgyzstan, Samman Thapa, warned that the situation in the country is becoming increasingly concerning. “According to the 2023 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, 78% of children aged six to 23 months already consume sugary beverages,” Thapa said. “At the same time, the rate of overweight and obesity among children continues to rise.” The World Bank backed the proposal, citing modeling that projected long-term health and fiscal benefits. “Our analysis of the Kyrgyz Republic shows that there are practical measures capable of delivering significant benefits for both public...

Hantavirus

Kazakhstan Assesses Risk of Hantavirus Spread After Cruise Ship Outbreak

Kazakhstan’s public health authorities say the risk of imported hantavirus infections remains due to international travel but insist the country’s epidemiological surveillance system is prepared to detect and respond to potential cases. The statement followed an outbreak of hantavirus aboard the cruise ship MV Hondius, which was traveling from Argentina to Cape Verde. According to media reports, three people died and eight confirmed infections were recorded among the ship’s 150 passengers. Kazakhstan’s National Center for Public Health said the Andes orthohantavirus (ANDV) strain responsible for the outbreak is not circulating in Kazakhstan. “Hantavirus infections remain under constant epidemiological control. Kazakhstan has a functioning sanitary and epidemiological surveillance system, infectious threats are continuously monitored, and laboratory facilities and specialists are prepared to diagnose and respond to possible imported cases,” the center said in a statement. Officials added that the current situation remains under control and there are no grounds for public concern at this stage. Health authorities advised citizens to consider the epidemiological situation when traveling abroad, including by consulting the Saqbol health risk map. Residents were also urged to avoid contact with wild rodents, refrain from touching dead animals without protective equipment, ventilate enclosed spaces, and follow basic hygiene rules. The center noted that hantaviruses belong to a group of zoonotic infections carried primarily by rodents. Infection usually occurs through inhalation of air contaminated with particles from the urine, saliva, or droppings of infected animals. Special attention is being paid to the Andes orthohantavirus strain, which differs from most other hantaviruses in its ability to spread from person to person through close and prolonged contact. “This feature makes it epidemiologically significant,” the center said. The incubation period can range from one week to more than a month. Symptoms include fever, headache, muscle weakness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, cough, and shortness of breath. In severe cases, the virus can rapidly damage the lungs, leading to respiratory failure and shock. According to health officials, the fatality rate for Andes virus infections can reach 30–40%. The Times of Central Asia previously reported that Kazakhstan declined to introduce quarantine restrictions in response to detected cases of metapneumovirus.

Science

Researchers in Kazakhstan Develop Central Asia’s First Digital Food Atlas

Researchers at Nazarbayev University in Astana have unveiled Central Asia’s first digital food atlas, a tool designed to improve how diets in the region are measured and studied. The development is expected to strengthen research in public health and nutrition. Developed by the Central Asia Food Innovation Lab (CAFI Lab), the atlas addresses a long-standing gap in public health research: the lack of accurate, region-specific data on dietary habits. As the researchers note, even minor errors in estimating portion sizes can lead to significant distortions in calculating calorie and nutrient intake. Until now, specialists in Central Asia have largely relied on Western or East Asian dietary databases. However, the structure of the regional diet, characterized by high consumption of red meat, flour-based foods, and dairy products, limits the accuracy of such tools. [caption id="attachment_47557" align="alignnone" width="300"] @NU[/caption] The atlas introduces a standardized approach based on two previously developed regional datasets: the Central Asian Food Dataset (CAFD) and the Central Asian Food Scenes Dataset (CAFSD). It includes 115 items, ranging from traditional dishes such as beshbarmak, plov, and manty to commonly consumed foods such as pizza, cereals, and ice cream. Each item has been digitized under laboratory conditions with precisely measured portions, an essential factor for accurate dietary assessment. “This is not just a visual guide,” said Dr. Mei Yen Chan, assistant professor at the university's school of medicine. “It aligns with international standards and allows researchers in Central Asia to generate data that are globally comparable.” At the same time, the atlas represents only a first step. It does not directly calculate calorie content and requires an additional analytical layer. As the authors note, regional dishes vary widely in composition and preparation methods, while “hidden” components, such as fats, broths, and density, make precise assessment difficult. In theory, caloric value is calculated as the sum of the energy provided by all ingredients (e.g., 4 kcal per gram of protein and carbohydrates, and 9 kcal per gram of fat). In practice, however, accurate calculation would require weighing every ingredient, an approach rarely feasible in real-life settings. Visual atlases therefore serve as a practical compromise, helping estimate portion size and approximate calorie intake, albeit with some margin of error. Even AI-based systems still struggle to accurately analyze complex, multi-ingredient dishes. [caption id="attachment_47558" align="alignnone" width="300"] @NU[/caption] In this context, the project’s significance extends beyond calorie counting. By standardizing portion sizes, the atlas addresses a fundamental prerequisite for reliable dietary assessment and the advancement of digital nutrition technologies. Beyond research, the atlas supports the development of AI-driven health applications. The datasets are already being used to train machine learning models, including multi-task deep learning systems capable of recognizing dishes, estimating nutritional value, and supporting digital health tools from mobile applications to telemedicine platforms. The findings have been published in the international peer-reviewed journals Nutrients, IEEE Access, and Scientific Reports, and are available in open access. The research team is currently working to expand the project by incorporating detailed nutritional data and is seeking additional...