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Fossil-Fuel Rich UAE Drives Central Asia’s Green Energy Transition

Central Asian nations, especially Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, are seeking to develop closer ties with the oil-rich United Arab Emirates. What they need from the Gulf state is not fossil fuels, but renewable energy technology and investment in their green energy sectors. Despite being a significant oil-exporter, the UAE has managed in recent years to position itself as a regional leader in solar energy and photovoltaic solar projects. As a result, it now has global aspirations in the renewable energy industry. The Gulf country, through its semi-government-owned company, Masdar, has already invested billions of dollars in the construction of wind farms and solar plants all over the world – from the Bahamas and Barbados to Australia, as well as several African and European nations. Central Asia is no exception. In the region, the green energy giant is particularly active in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan. It is, therefore, no surprise that, on January 14, two regional leaders, Shavkat Mirziyoyev and Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, were major guests at the Abu Dhabi Sustainability Week, a global platform focused on accelerating sustainability efforts. [caption id="attachment_27597" align="aligncenter" width="1280"] President Tokayev of Kazakhstan speaking at the Abu Dhabi Sustainability Week; image: TCA, Nikola Mikovic[/caption] Their visit to the UAE signals a strong push for a green energy transition at home. For Tashkent and Astana, cooperation with Abu Dhabi in the field of green energy can help them to achieve their ambitious goals and reduce reliance on fossil fuels, despite both being significant producers of natural gas and oil. “Together with our foreign partners, we are currently implementing more than 50 large energy projects worth a total of $26 billion,” Mirziyoyev stressed, pointing out that by 2030, the share of renewable energy sources in the country will reach 54%. [caption id="attachment_27593" align="aligncenter" width="2560"] President of Uzbekistan, Shavkat Mirziyoyev backstage at the Abu Dhabi Sustainability Week; image: TCA, Nikola Mikovic[/caption] In his view, Central Asia should turn into a “center of green economy.” The Director-General of the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), Francesco La Camera, seems to share this stance. “Central Asia can play a stronger and leading role in the global energy transition. I’m confident this new partnership can accelerate the pipeline of renewable energy projects and drive green industrialization,” La Camera said at the 15th session of the IRENA Assembly, held in the UAE capital two days prior to the meetings Mirziyoyev and Tokayev had with the UAE’s leaders. According to the Uzbek President, Tashkent is interested in jointly realizing the potential of Central Asia in solar, wind, and hydro energy, as well as in developing the production of green hydrogen. Fully aware of the Central Asian state’s green energy potential, Masdar is committed to investing $2 billion in Tashkent’s clean energy projects with a total capacity of more than two gigawatts. In the most populated Central Asian nation, the UAE’s semi-state-owned company is already involved in the construction of both solar plants and wind farms. [caption id="attachment_27594" align="aligncenter" width="2560"] Abdulaziz Alobaidli, Masdar’s Chief Operating Officer, at the Abu...

New Projects Launched in Uzbekistan’s Fergana Region

On July 11, Uzbekistan's President Shavkat Mirziyoyev attended a ceremony to launch several new projects in the country’s Fergana region. The first was the second phase of the construction of a mineral fertilizer plant by Singaporean company Indorama. The president then launched the construction of a solar power plant; a $350 million joint project with the German company Hyper Partners. Located in the Besharyk district of Fergana, the plant has a capacity of 500 megawatts of which 200 megawatts will come online this year . When fully operational in 2025, it will generate 1.6 billion kilowatt-hours of green energy per year, equivalent to the annual consumption of 675 thousand households. This increase in green energy will save 466 million cubic meters of natural gas. In addition, Mirziyoyev celebrated the start of construction on a $144 million electricity storage system by the Chinese Gezhouba Group. With a capacity of 150 megawatts and the means to automatically turn on when electricity demand increases to ensure stable operation of the power grid, the facility should be operational before the end of this year Lastly, the president launched two small hydroelectric power plants; one with a capacity of 2.2 megawatts in the village of Shakhimardan, and the other, with a capacity of 430 kilowatts, in the village of Yukori Vodil. During his speech, President Mirziyoyev noted that the volume of investments in the Fergana region is growing year on year. In 2018, only $90 million was invested in the region, while the figure for last year reached $1.3 billion. The number of enterprises financed with foreign capital currently totals 470. Around one hundred projects worth $370 million have been implemented in the Kokand free economic zone alone, creating 9 thousand new jobs. According to a presidential decree, this economic zone will expand by 210 hectares around the city of Kuvasay, house 185 new projects worth $1 billion, and create 12,000 jobs. In addition, a special Uzbek-Chinese industrial zone spanning 230 hectares will be created in Kokand.

Kyrgyzstan and IFC Sign Agreement on Two Solar Power Plant Projects

On 10 June, the Ministry of Energy and the Ministry of Economy and Commerce of the Kyrgyz Republic signed an agreement with the International Finance Corporation (IFC) on the implementation of two solar power plant projects in the country’s Batken and Talas regions. According to the Ministry of Economy and Commerce, the agreement is a continuation of cooperation between the Kyrgyz government and IFC on the construction of solar power plants with a total capacity of up to 500 MW in Kyrgyzstan. In the first phase of this collaboration, IFC helped the Kyrgyz Republic conduct a comprehensive analysis for a pilot project for a 100-150 MW solar power plant planned in the Kochkor district of Naryn region, and is currently helping to attract private investors in its implementation. The second stage will include two solar plants, each with a capacity of 100-150 MW, in the Batken and Talas regions.

Construction of Gas Chemical Complex, Solar Plant and Airport begins in Bukhara

On May 31, construction began on three large facilities in Uzbekistan’s Bukhara region. Officially launched by President Shavkat Mirziyoyev, the ambitious development comprises a gas chemical complex, a solar power plant, and an international airport. The gas chemical complex, to be built in the Karakul free economic zone, is the first plant in the country to employ methanol- to- olefins (MTO) technology. The project aims to attract some $5 billion in investments and advanced technologies from the USA, Germany, Denmark, Austria, Italy, and China. Once completed, the complex will process 1.3 billion cubic meters of natural gas and 430 thousand tons of naphtha per year and manufacture 1.1 million tons of polymer products, in high demand by both domestic and global markets. Two thousand new jobs will be created. The second facility, a 250-megawatt solar power plant to be built by Masdar from the United Arab Emirates, will be connected to the unified energy grid in December 2025. The third initiative is a new international airport which will be much welcomed by the ever-increasing volume of foreign tourists visiting Uzbekistan. In 2023 alone, some 1.4 million tourists flew into Bukhara. Built through private partnership at a cost of $226 million, the airport will have the capacity to process 1.2 thousand passengers per hour. Designed to meet international standards, the airport will both improve the quality of service and help attract more international airlines to Bukhara.

French Company to Build a Solar Plant in Uzbekistan

Attended by Uzbek President Shavkat Mirziyoyev, a ground-breaking ceremony for the construction of a solar power plant with a capacity of 100 megawatts took place in Uzbekistan’s Khorezm region on February 29th. Built by the French company Voltalia, the new photovoltaic plant will generate 254 million kilowatt-hours of green energy per annum and increase the volume of electricity generated in Khorezm by 30%. In addition to providing 11% of the region's annual electricity consumption by the end of the year, the new plant will save 76 million cubic meters of natural gas and prevent the release of 106 thousand tons of harmful substances into the atmosphere. The project will also harness agrovoltaics technology and by combining energy production and agriculture, allow crops to be grown under solar panels for the first time in Uzbekistan. In discussion with Sébastien Clerc, CEO of Voltalia, President Mirziyoyev emphasized his support of both the Khorezm project and the construction of a hybrid power plant in the Bukhara region, and reiterated the extent to which such innovative projects strengthen multifaceted cooperation between Uzbekistan and France.