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Domestic Violence

Tajikistan Launches Domestic Violence Hotline

Tajikistan’s Committee on Women and Family Affairs has launched a dedicated hotline for victims of domestic violence, marking a significant step in regional efforts to address gender-based violence. According to Asia-Plus, the contact center aims to expand access to support services and raise public awareness. In recent days, the Committee informed citizens via SMS that anyone experiencing domestic abuse can contact the helpline at +992 (37) 221-30-40. The center operates Monday to Friday from 8:00 to 17:00, and Saturdays from 8:00 to 12:00. Both women and men can receive free legal advice and psychological support on issues such as domestic abuse, housing, alimony, and divorce. Officials said the hotline builds on earlier in-person consultations and has already been operational for over two months. It was established under the framework of Tajikistan’s law “On the Prevention of Domestic Violence” and a corresponding state program. Its core mission is to support survivors and help prevent future cases of abuse. (A previous hotline, number 1313, was operated by the Committee but was discontinued for unspecified reasons.) Regional Momentum In neighboring Uzbekistan, the government approved an Administrative Regulation in June 2024 to enhance services for women and minors affected by domestic violence. According to the Justice Ministry’s press service, the regulation expands access to assistance through multiple channels, including the nationwide network of Inson social service centers, the Ministry of Internal Affairs’ 24/7 police hotline (102), emergency dispatcher (112), and the short “trust” number (1146). Citizens can also report abuse to neighborhood police inspectors or local social workers. Authorities are now legally required to respond within 24 hours of receiving a complaint. Protective measures include issuing restraining orders, relocating survivors and their children to shelters, and conducting immediate assessments by social workers and police. The government also plans to establish crisis centers in every province by the end of 2024, providing safe refuge and access to medical care. Kazakhstan’s Landmark Reform Kazakhstan has also taken decisive steps. On April 15, 2024, President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev signed a landmark piece of legislation, popularly known as Saltanat’s Law, to strengthen protections for women and children. The law was named in memory of Saltanat Nukenova, a 31-year-old woman murdered by her husband, former economy minister Kuandyk Bishimbayev, in a case that shocked the nation and triggered mass protests. As previously reported by The Times of Central Asia, the new law re-criminalized domestic battery and the infliction of minor bodily harm, which had previously been classified as administrative offenses. It introduced harsher penalties for repeat offenders and eliminated legal loopholes that allowed reconciliation in cases involving minors. For the most serious crimes, including murder and sexual violence against children, the law provides for life imprisonment.

Asset Recovery

From Mansions to Classrooms: Kazakhstan Turns Corruption Assets into Public Good

Kazakhstan is actively reclaiming assets obtained through corrupt practices and redirecting them toward social development. Confiscated properties, including luxury mansions, high-end vehicles, and even ancient jewelry, are being allocated for public benefit, particularly in education, healthcare, and infrastructure. These efforts form part of a broader anti-corruption campaign under President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, which aims to transform stolen wealth into schools, hospitals, and public services while restoring public trust in government. Luxury Assets Reallocated for Public Use Over the past several years, billions of dollars in assets have been returned to the state budget. On September 5, officials announced that a luxurious mansion formerly owned by convicted ex-Prime Minister and ex-head of the National Security Committee Karim Massimov had been transferred to the Ministry of Education. Located in Astana, the property will be converted into a center for children with special needs. Initially slated for auction, the villa was withdrawn from sale and reassigned for social use. Massimov, who was sentenced in 2023 to 18 years in prison for high treason, attempted coup, and abuse of office, had amassed large amounts of property and luxury goods now being liquidated or redirected to state use. [caption id="attachment_35913" align="aligncenter" width="1303"] Image: National Security Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan; a luxury mansion once owned by ex-Prime Minister Karim Massimov, complete with a disco bar, private theater, pool, and 30 rooms[/caption] This approach is not limited to Massimov’s holdings. In 2025, assets belonging to Perizat Kairat, the founder of a high-profile charity fund, were confiscated after she and her mother were convicted of embezzling donations meant for flood victims. The case shocked the country, as Kairat had been celebrated for her volunteer work before investigations revealed widespread fraud. She received a 10-year prison sentence while her mother was given seven years. Their seized property included a private house and apartments in Astana, along with luxury vehicles such as a Mercedes-Benz S450, Lexus LX 600, and Mercedes EQS 500. Authorities announced that these assets would be auctioned, with proceeds used to compensate victims defrauded by the foundation. [caption id="attachment_35911" align="aligncenter" width="649"] Image: Instagram; Perizat Kairat in Abu Dhabi[/caption] A Legal Framework for Asset Recovery A legal framework for asset recovery underpins these actions. In July 2023, Tokayev signed the Law “On the Return of Illegally Acquired Assets to the State,” targeting entities involved in large-scale corruption and oligopolistic practices. The law established an Asset Recovery Committee and a state management company to oversee confiscated property. It also created mechanisms to repatriate funds hidden abroad. Since its adoption, Kazakhstan’s Anti-Corruption Agency has recovered approximately 1.12 trillion KZT, ($2.1 billion) in assets and funds. These reclaimed resources are being reinvested in critical sectors. Examples of reallocated property illustrate the scale of the initiative. In Almaty, the Kaisar Tower business center, once privately owned, was transferred to the Kazakh National Women’s Pedagogical University. Another building in the city was handed over to the T. Zhurgenov Kazakh National Academy of Arts. In Astana, three mansions confiscated from corrupt officials are...

Trump Administration

U.S. Deports 39 Uzbek Nationals, Thanks Uzbekistan for Cooperation

Several dozen citizens of Uzbekistan who didn’t have legal authorization to remain in the United States were deported from the U.S. to their home country over the weekend, the U.S. Embassy in Tashkent said. The embassy said the operation to return the 39 nationals concluded on Sunday and it thanked Uzbekistan’s government “for its close cooperation in facilitating U.S. deportation operations.” Uzbekistan has collaborated with the United States on previous deportations of its citizens this year, funding a similar flight in April though it later said that its repatriated citizens should pay for their travel. In a sign of improving relations, U.S. President Donald Trump and President Shavkat Mirziyoyev of Uzbekistan spoke about working together on trade, security and other issues in a telephone conversation on Friday. The Trump administration has conducted numerous deportation flights, many of them to Central America, as part of what it describes as an effort to secure U.S. borders. Critics describe the U.S. immigration crackdown as heavy-handed. Last week, hundreds of South Korean workers were arrested at a factory in the U.S. state of Georgia and the South Korean government said it would bring them home on a charter flight.

Citizenship

Kazakhstan Considers Criminal Penalties for Dual Citizenship

Kazakhstan may soon introduce criminal liability for holding dual citizenship, a significant escalation from the current administrative penalties. The proposal was raised by Mazhilis deputy Bolatbek Nazhmetdinuly during the opening plenary session of the lower house of parliament’s new legislative term. Under Article 10, paragraph 3 of the Constitution and Article 3 of the Law “On Citizenship of the Republic of Kazakhstan,” Kazakh citizens are prohibited from holding citizenship of another country. Currently, violations are treated as administrative offenses and are punishable by fines of up to 300 Monthly Calculation Indexes (MRP), equivalent to nearly 1.2 million tenge (approximately $2,200) or administrative expulsion. Deputy Nazhmetdinuly argued that these measures are inadequate. “Those who hold second citizenship are no longer Kazakhstani. They do not feel a part of this country; they enjoy rights without fulfilling obligations. Often, they are beyond the reach of law enforcement due to extradition restrictions. We are aware of many such cases. That is why I will advocate for tougher penalties, up to and including criminal liability. I am confident my colleagues will support this initiative. Is the Ministry of Internal Affairs ready to back it?” he asked Interior Minister Yerzhan Sadenov. Minister Sadenov responded that the ministry would act in accordance with any new legal norms adopted by parliament. According to the Border Service of the National Security Committee (NSC), 1,190 cases of dual citizenship were identified at Kazakhstan’s borders in 2024, including 91 cases in January 2025 alone. Domestically, the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MIA) held 675 individuals administratively accountable for dual citizenship in 2024. Of these, 565 had acquired Russian citizenship, while others held citizenship from Turkey (26 cases), the United States (22), and Germany (11). Of those charged, 526 paid fines, while 149 were expelled from Kazakhstan. In January 2025, another 66 individuals were penalized, including 64 for acquiring Russian citizenship and one each for German and Kyrgyz citizenship. As previously reported by The Times of Central Asia, the government continues to support the repatriation of ethnic Kazakhs. As of early 2025, 65 ethnic Kazakhs holding foreign citizenship had received "Ata Zholy" cards, which grant the right to live and work in Kazakhstan for up to ten years.

Border Incident

Two Kyrgyz Citizens Shot Dead by Uzbek Border Guards Near Tripoint Frontier

According to the Kyrgyz Border Service, two Kyrgyz citizens were shot and killed on August 15 near the junction of the Kyrgyz, Uzbek, and Kazakh borders after allegedly failing to comply with Uzbek border guards during an attempted detention. Their bodies were returned to Kyrgyzstan via the Baymak checkpoint, and authorities from both countries are conducting a joint investigation. The two men, residents of Aygyr-Zhal village in Kyrgyzstan’s Chatkal District, were reported missing on August 25. During bilateral consultations held three days later, the Uzbek authorities informed their Kyrgyz counterparts that on August 15, an Uzbek border patrol had encountered two unidentified individuals in the border zone. According to the Uzbek side, the men ignored orders to stop, prompting border guards to open fire. Both men sustained fatal injuries. On August 31, family members of the deceased traveled to Uzbekistan to identify the bodies, which were subsequently returned to Kyrgyzstan for forensic examination. Uzbek officials also expressed their readiness to return the men's belongings, including three horses and a tent. Authorities in both countries have confirmed that the incident will be subject to a formal investigation, with its findings to be made public. The shooting follows the resolution of a decades-long border demarcation process involving Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan. In March 2025, after nearly twenty years of negotiations, the three countries agreed on the official tripoint demarcation during talks in Dushanbe. While that agreement was hailed as a breakthrough in regional cooperation, the recent incident underscores the lingering sensitivities and security challenges along portions of the border.

Gambling

Kazakhstan Considers Criminal Penalties for Promoting Online Casinos

Kazakhstan’s Financial Monitoring Agency (FMA) has identified 34 bloggers promoting online casinos on social media, with 11 already facing administrative penalties. The agency has stated that fines alone are not deterring repeat offenders and is now considering introducing criminal liability for such activities. A law passed in 2024 strictly prohibits outdoor advertising for bookmakers, online casinos, and betting pools, as well as their promotion in media, films, and video content. According to the FMA, over the past two and a half years, more than 200 illegal gambling operations have been dismantled, and 224 individuals have been held criminally accountable. However, the agency notes that the primary threat now stems from online casinos based abroad. Since the beginning of this year, authorities have blocked more than 17,000 links, mostly mirror sites for foreign platforms. Despite these efforts, some Kazakhstani payment service providers continue to facilitate transactions linked to such websites. The FMA has pledged to intensify investigations into these financial intermediaries. Influencer marketing remains a key channel for online gambling promotion. In the first half of the year alone, 34 influencers were identified as advertising gambling services, with 11 fined. But according to the FMA, revenues from such promotions far exceed the cost of the fines, creating incentives for repeated violations. In response, the agency is exploring whether bloggers’ actions could be legally interpreted as aiding and abetting illegal gambling, a charge similar to promoting financial pyramid schemes, which already carries criminal penalties under Kazakhstani law. Currently, fines for illegal advertising on social media start at 200,000 KZT (approximately $420).