health security - The Times Of Central Asia

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Kyrgyzstan Gears Toward Self-Sufficiency in Medication

Kyrgyzstan has taken a significant step toward reducing its dependence on imported pharmaceuticals with the launch of domestic medicine production at the Aidan Pharma pharmaceutical plant. The facility has begun manufacturing its first batch of essential medications, including: Paracetamol (suspensions and tablets); Ibuprofen (suspensions); Acetylsalicylic acid (tablets); and Acyclovir (tablets). The plant has the capacity to produce up to 10,000 packages of each of these medicines per day, offering an important boost to the country’s pharmaceutical industry. In late 2023, Aidan Pharma began producing medical ethyl alcohol, which is now supplied to state hospitals and pharmacies. During a visit to the plant on January 10, Health Minister Alymkadyr Beishenaliev announced plans to expand the plant’s product range to 100 items by the end of this year. He also revealed that the company intends to begin exporting its products in the future. “The plant's products meet quality standards and have a low production cost, making them more affordable compared to imported medicines,” Beishenaliev noted. The Kyrgyz government has prioritized reducing the country’s reliance on imported medications. In December 2024, the Cabinet of Ministers approved an investment agreement for a Kyrgyz-Chinese pharmaceutical project led by Standard Pharm Group. This initiative will focus on packaging pharmaceuticals and constructing a new pharmaceutical plant in Kyrgyzstan. The project, which will be implemented in two stages over five years, is expected to attract over $41 million in investment. According to Minister of Economy and Commerce Bakyt Sydykov, the plant will manufacture a range of medicines, including: Nutritional infusions; Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic medications; Analgesics; Hypoglycemic treatments; and Gastrointestinal drugs. Most of these medicines are included in Kyrgyzstan’s List of Vital Medicines, a critical inventory of essential pharmaceuticals that are currently not produced domestically. The development of Kyrgyzstan’s pharmaceutical industry marks a critical shift toward self-sufficiency in healthcare. By expanding domestic production, the government aims to make essential medications more accessible and affordable for its population while fostering economic growth through investment and exports.

quarantine Public health health security Healthcare

Kazakhstan Will Not Impose Quarantine for Metapneumovirus

Aizhan Esmagambetova, head of Kazakhstan's National Center for Public Health, has announced that there is no need for restrictive measures in response to identified cases of human metapneumovirus (HMPV) in the country. Human metapneumovirus is a respiratory tract infection that can cause inflammation in the upper and lower lungs. Although the virus has been circulating among humans since the mid-20th century, it has not previously caused widespread epidemics. Concerns about the virus were raised after foreign media reported an outbreak in neighboring China in late December 2024. The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention confirmed the spread of acute respiratory infections, including HMPV, but Chinese authorities did not impose border closures similar to those during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. In Kazakhstan, the Ministry of Health reported detecting 30 cases of metapneumovirus between October 1, 2024, and early January 2025. The Committee of Sanitary and Epidemiological Control conducted testing on 8,360 non-influenza virus samples during the epidemic season, with 1,866 (22%) returning positive. Of these, metapneumovirus accounted for only 1.6%. Other respiratory infections were more prevalent, including: Rhinovirus: 680 cases (36.4%) Respiratory syncytial (RS) virus: 433 cases (23.2%) Adenovirus: 226 cases (12.1%) Coronavirus: 206 cases (11.1%) Parainfluenza: 178 cases (9.5%) Bocavirus: 113 cases (6.1%) The Ministry of Health stated that HMPV is primarily transmitted via airborne droplets and, to a lesser extent, through household contact. Despite this, Esmagambetova emphasized there is no justification for a quarantine:"The epidemiological situation in the country is stable. While we are in the midst of the epidemic season, a comparison of this year and last year shows a 20% decrease in acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) for the same period," she explained. "As is typical, morbidity rises in January and declines by mid-February, but there are no grounds for quarantine or other restrictive measures. We are monitoring the epidemic situation, including morbidity and virus circulation, almost daily." Esmagambetova also highlighted that approximately 70% of cases in Kazakhstan occur in children under 14. She advised parents to keep children with signs of respiratory infections at home and avoid sending them to schools or kindergartens. She further recommended that citizens avoid crowded places, wear masks, and ensure proper ventilation. Kazakhstan’s Minister of Education, Gani Beisembayev, stated during a government meeting that the country’s education system is prepared to switch to distance learning if necessary. However, any decision to transition will depend on the Ministry of Health. This update comes after The Times of Central Asia reported outbreaks of seasonal and non-seasonal diseases across Central Asia last year, including influenza, measles, and hepatitis.

Healthcare International Cooperation health security Public health

Turkmenistan Strengthens Cooperation with IAEA to Equip New Cancer Center

Turkmenistan is deepening its collaboration with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to advance nuclear medicine, as announced by Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedov, Chairman of the Halk Maslahaty (People's Council). The announcement came during his visit to the construction site of the new International Scientific and Clinical Center for Oncology in Ashgabat, as reported by the TDH news agency. Berdimuhamedov highlighted the importance of consulting with IAEA experts to ensure the center’s safe operation, particularly in handling radioactive waste. He stressed that equipping the facility with state-of-the-art technology is essential for meeting high standards in cancer treatment. The new center, under construction in the Choganly district in northern Ashgabat, will have a capacity of 500 beds. It will feature specialized departments for the diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of cancer patients. Berdimuhamedov also emphasized the need to develop highly skilled medical personnel for the center. Medical professionals will be offered training opportunities in leading international clinics and encouraged to collaborate with foreign specialists. The facility aims to build strong partnerships with specialized medical institutions both within Turkmenistan and abroad. “International cooperation, particularly with the IAEA, is vital in the fight against cancer. Strengthening these ties is a key factor in the effective operation of the new center,” Berdimuhamedov stated. The oncology center is set to greatly enhance Turkmenistan’s healthcare system by providing advanced cancer care and contributing to global progress in nuclear medicine and cancer research.

Healthcare health security Public health Public Security

Kazakhstan Considers Body Cameras for Ambulance Workers Amid Rising Violence

Kazakhstan’s Health Minister, Akmaral Alnazarova, has announced that her ministry is exploring the possibility of equipping ambulance doctors and paramedics with body-mounted video cameras to address the increasing aggression against medical workers. Over the past four years, more than 150 incidents of attacks on ambulance personnel have been reported in the country. “We are considering equipping our employees with video tags, similar to the devices used by law enforcement agencies. This issue will be regulated normatively, and I believe it is not so difficult to implement,” Alnazarova told reporters during a parliamentary session. Kazakhstani patrol officers have used body-mounted video recorders since 2017 to ensure accountability in law enforcement and to prevent corruption. For ambulance workers, the cameras aim to protect employees and document incidents of violence. According to the Ministry of Health, 158 medical workers were injured while performing their duties between 2019 and 2023. The urgency of this measure was highlighted by a recent incident in the town of Kostanay, where a paramedic was assaulted by relatives of a deceased patient. The assailants, against whom a criminal case has been opened, allegedly obstructed resuscitation efforts. The paramedic suffered a concussion and required hospitalization. Alnazarova previously stated on her Instagram page that her ministry, with the support of lawmakers, has initiated measures to introduce criminal liability for acts of violence against medical workers. “Such crimes must be met with fair punishment, including restrictions on freedom and condemnation by society. We must send a clear message: violence against medical workers is unacceptable and will not go unpunished.”

Uranium USA Ecology health security Army Military Information Military Service Public health

Justice for Veterans: U.S. Acknowledges Cancer Cases Tied to Service at Uzbekistan’s K2 Base

Thousands of American veterans who served at Uzbekistan’s K2 airbase have reported rare cancers and diseases - but only now, more than two decades later, is the U.S. government taking steps to address their dire situation. The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has announced plans to include bladder, urinary tract, and genitourinary cancers as conditions presumed to be linked to service at Uzbekistan’s Karshi-Khanabad airbase, known as K2. In 2001, the U.S. military moved into K2, a former Soviet airbase, to support a series of operations named “Enduring Freedom” which were purportedly aimed at tackling terrorism and Al-Qaeda in the wake of 9/11. However, in addition to the threat of terrorism, the troops faced another danger: the toxic environment. Reports from the base describe exposure to chemicals and radioactive materials. Soldiers recalled an underground “black bubble,” glowing lakes, and a chemical odor lingering in the air. [caption id="attachment_26149" align="aligncenter" width="634"] Image: Stronghold Freedom Foundation[/caption] The Karshi-Khanabad airbase was heavily used by the Soviet military during its operations in Afghanistan from 1979 to 1989, when it served as a site for producing, storing, and testing various weapons, including chemical weapons. The base also stored fuel, solvents, and other harmful substances. Additionally, it became a dumping ground for toxic waste, asbestos, enriched uranium, and other hazardous materials. Spills of these substances were frequent, leaving lasting environmental damage. Before the U.S. occupied K2, the destruction of Soviet-era missiles left some soil contaminated with low-level radioactive depleted uranium. The destruction of Soviet missiles was part of disarmament obligations under the 1987 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty. A 2001 survey found traces that could be harmful if inhaled, and a 2002 assessment confirmed small amounts of uranium, identified as non-U.S. depleted uranium, outside Camp Stronghold Freedom’s perimeter. The affected area was covered with clean soil, fenced off, and marked as off-limits in November 2001. Furthermore, approximately 392 chemical compounds were found at the K2 Air Base. Thousands of military personnel who served in K2 suffered from severe illnesses, including rare forms of cancer, associated with their time at the base. However, over the years, the U.S. government and the VA have delayed recognition of the link between service in K2 and these health issues, leaving many veterans without adequate support. [caption id="attachment_26150" align="aligncenter" width="1140"] Image: Stronghold Freedom Foundation[/caption] According to the Stronghold Freedom Foundation, K2 veterans are 500% more likely to get cancer than other veterans - 75% of U.S. service members deployed to Uzbekistan alone have developed at least one type of K2-related illness. On November 11, President Joe Biden announced an expansion of the PACT Act (Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act), a law he signed in August 2022 to improve healthcare for veterans exposed to toxins. President Biden stated that the act has already helped over a million veterans and their families access benefits. Under new efforts, the VA will add bladder cancer, ureter cancer, multiple myeloma, and certain types of leukemia to the list of presumptive conditions. This expansion applies...

Education Legislation health security Schools

Kyrgyzstan Proposes Ban on Cell Phones in Schools and Universities

Kyrgyzstan's Ministry of Education and Science has proposed a draft decree to restrict the use of cell phones in the country's educational institutions. The initiative, currently open for public discussion, aims to enhance the educational and social environment and shield students from the adverse effects of excessive technology use. Under the proposed regulations, students and staff must switch their phones to silent mode upon entering the premises. Students are encouraged to turn off their devices and store them in designated classrooms. Phones would only be permitted during breaks or in emergencies. The decree also prohibits charging devices within educational institutions. The draft includes strict measures against misuse. It bans distributing materials depicting violence, cruelty, or pornography via mobile devices and forbids actions that could harm an institution’s reputation. Unauthorized photography and videography would also be prohibited. Special guidelines apply to educators, who would be barred from using phones during lessons unless directly related to educational purposes. The ministry emphasized that the proposed rules are designed to protect students’ health, curb bullying, and combat the spread of harmful content. Several countries in the post-Soviet space and beyond have implemented similar restrictions on cell phone use in schools. In Russia, as of December 19, 2023, students are prohibited from using mobile devices during lessons except in emergencies involving life or health threats. Azerbaijan and Tajikistan have enacted comparable bans to enhance student focus and educational quality. Globally, France has prohibited cell phone use for students aged 3 to 15 since September 2018 to reduce distractions and improve academic discipline. The Netherlands introduced a smartphone ban in schools at the start of 2024, citing benefits such as better academic performance and reduced student anxiety. UNESCO recommended in July 2023 that schools worldwide adopt smartphone bans to improve academic performance and minimize classroom distractions. Proponents of such measures argue that they increase student concentration, improve education quality, and mitigate the impact of digital devices on children’s mental health.