Legislation - The Times Of Central Asia

Viewing results 1 - 6 of 304

Agriculture

Kazakhstan Bans Apple Imports as Big Harvest Expected This Year

On August 27, the government of Kazakhstan imposed a temporary ban on importing apples into Kazakhstan by motor transport until the end of the year. The ban does not apply to imports from fellow members of the Eurasian Economic Union -- Armenia, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, and Russia. The Kazakh Ministry of Agriculture explained that this year's total apple harvest is projected to be 300,000 tons. This higher than average volume was achieved thanks to government support measures provided in previous years to cultivate apple orchards. In 2024, new apple orchards will have reached full fruiting capacities, and yields will increase by 18%, which will fully meet the needs of the domestic market. Kazakhstan is the birthplace of apples — particularly the famous aport apples, which grow in the Almaty region. Translated from Kazakh, Almaty means “place of abundance of apples.” Aport apples are distinguished by their large size, distinct smell, and succulent nature. One of the prominent landmarks in Almaty, the first sight to greet visitors to the Kok-Tobe Mountain, which looms over the city, is a granite statue of an apple with water gushing from its core. In 1970, there were 3.8 million aport trees in Kazakhstan, but by 1984, only 1.4 million remained. In 2012, scientific research began on the revival and rejuvenation of the variety, including establishing an experimental garden of aport grafted onto Sievers apple trees. In 2023, Kazakh scholars harvested the first fruits weighing 400–500g.

Finance

Kyrgyzstan Proposes Banning Foreign Currencies in Domestic Transactions

Members of Kyrgyzstan's Parliament, the Jogorku Kenesh, have proposed that the national currency, the som, be established as the only means of payment in the country. The draft bill establishes that the som must be used in all domestic transactions, except for those related to export and import. It is seen as a step to reduce Kyrgyzstan's dependence on foreign currency, and stabilize the country's financial system. The draft law emphasizes that using foreign currencies -- especially in real estate, vehicle purchasing, and lending transactions -- creates additional risks for citizens. Sharp fluctuations in exchange rates make it more difficult for borrowers to repay debts. Similar measures have also been taken in Turkmenistan, where using foreign currency for everyday payments is almost entirely outlawed. Iraq has banned all domestic transactions to strengthen and stabilize the local currency, the Iraqi dinar.

Freedom of Speech

Kyrgyzstan’s Culture Ministry Wants to Fine People for Spreading “Disinformation” Online

Kyrgyzstan's Ministry of Culture, Information, Sports, and Youth Policy has proposed issuing fines to people who promote 'disinformation' online. According to the proposed amendments to the Code of Administrative Offenses, citizens who are found to have spread false information through media, websites, or social networks could be fined up to 100,000 KGS (about $1,200). For legal entities, the amount will be 200,000 KGS (about $2,400). The ministry emphasized that in recent years there has been an increase in cases where false information on the internet has led to conflicts and a deterioration in public sentiment. However, this has sparked debate in society and among human rights activists, who fear that such measures could limit freedom of expression and lead to the control of journalists and internet users. The ministry had previously proposed other amendments, which would allow fines to be imposed for libel and slander in the media and online.

Solar Energy

Free Solar Panels for Uzbekistan’s Low Income Households

Uzbekistan has launched a program to install solar panels in the homes of low-income families in the Tashkent Oblast. The key aim of the initiative, implemented with the participation of ACWA Power, an enterprise engaged in regional energy projects, is to reduce electricity costs for vulnerable sectors of the population. Under the plan, some 20,000 low-income households, especially those with air conditioning, will receive free photovoltaic panels with a 1.5 to 2 kW capacity, to reduce energy costs during the summer. The project is part of the government's broader strategy to transition to renewable energy. The country has already taken steps in this direction, including the construction of solar and wind farms, which in recent years, have enabled Uzbekistan to reduce its electricity imports from more than 4 billion kWh to less than 3 billion kWh and even begin to export electricity. The initiative is also a continuation of the Solar Home Program which was introduced in 2023 to encourage the installation of solar panels in private households across the country.

Migrant Workers

Russia Wants to Ban Migrants’ Families

Russia is considering a bill that could restrict the right of migrant workers to bring their families into the country. The initiative from LDPR deputies, led by Leonid Slutsky, has already sparked active discussions among politicians and society. The main goal of the proposed law is to reduce the inflow of uncontrolled migration and the ensuing public tension. Particular reference is made to the many migrant families living in Russia who accumulate debts for public utilities and create enclaves where local laws and customs are often ignored. The bill suggests that with the exception of highly qualified specialists, the presence of a work contract or a patent, should no longer be a reason for migrants to move their families to Russia. This bill is not the only measure aimed at tightening the migration policy in Russia. In 2022, a “controlled stay” system was introduced, strengthening control over migrants on the country's territory. In recent years, Russia has also introduced labor migration quotas limiting the number of jobs available to foreign nationals, especially in construction, trade, and other low-skilled sectors. These quotas were further tightened, resulting in fewer migrants entering the country. Another measure was the introduction of compulsory health insurance for migrants, adding a financial burden to those coming to work in Russia. In addition, strict language and cultural integration requirements have been introduced, including mandatory Russian language training and exams on the country's history and culture. Such actions have drawn criticism from human rights activists, who believe that the restrictions could increase social tensions and make life difficult for migrants already living in Russia.

Finance

Chinese Yuan to Become Kyrgyzstan’s Fifth Official Currency

The National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic has announced that from next month the Chinese yuan will be an official currency of Kyrgyzstan. The yuan will join the Kyrgyz sum, the U.S. dollar, the euro, and the Russian ruble as official currencies, and an official exchange rate will be set. This measure aims to facilitate trade transactions and improve economic ties with China, one of Kyrgyzstan's largest trading partners. Introducing the yuan into official circulation will also help stabilize the country's financial system amid global economic uncertainty and allow entrepreneurs and financial institutions to manage their currency risks better. Notably, this initiative is being implemented against the backdrop of the yuan's growing influence in international settlements and its emergence as a global reserve currency. It also opens up new opportunities for Kyrgyzstan to participate in Chinese investment projects, which could positively impact the development of infrastructure and other key sectors of the economy. The change will take effect from September 1, 2024. The Chinese yuan exchange rate to the Kyrgyz sum will be calculated based on the cross rate with the U.S. dollar. This method is based on data from the agencies such as Reuters and Bloomberg.