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China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan Railway

Tajikistan Seeks to Join China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan Railway Project

Tajikistan has officially expressed interest in joining the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan (CKU) railway construction project, an ambitious regional transport initiative designed to enhance connectivity across Central and South Asia. The proposal was raised during a meeting between Tajik Minister of Transport Azim Ibrahim and Chinese Minister of Transport Liu Wei on July 2 in Tianjin, on the sidelines of the 12th Meeting of Transport Ministers of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Member States. According to the Tajik Ministry of Transport, the two sides discussed potential Chinese support for Tajikistan’s accession to the CKU railway project, as well as participation in the development of a broader multimodal corridor linking China, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Iran, Turkey, and Europe. The CKU railway, a strategically vital infrastructure project, spans 523 kilometers. Construction officially began on December 27, 2024, in Jalal-Abad, Kyrgyzstan. Once completed, the route will connect Kashgar in China with Torugart, Makmal, and Jalal-Abad in Kyrgyzstan, and Andijan in Uzbekistan. The railway is projected to handle up to 15 million tons of cargo annually. Currently, neither Kyrgyzstan nor Uzbekistan has a direct rail link with China, the only such connection in Central Asia runs through Kazakhstan. At the SCO ministerial meeting, Minister Ibrahim noted that the SCO region already functions as a strategic bridge between East and West, North and South. He also outlined key emerging challenges, including the need to strengthen transport chain resilience, accelerate digitalization, reduce carbon emissions, and promote green logistics solutions. To that end, Ibrahim proposed the establishment of a Unified SCO Digital Platform for managing multimodal transportation. This platform would harmonize customs, border, and transport procedures, enable real-time cargo tracking, streamline documentation, and enhance operational transparency. The minister further emphasized the need to advance and integrate several major international corridors: China - Kyrgyzstan - Tajikistan - Afghanistan - Pakistan - Indian Ocean China - Tajikistan - Uzbekistan - Turkmenistan - Iran - Turkey - Europe Trans-Caspian International Transport Route (TITR) He also underscored the importance of attracting international partners to help restore and expand transport infrastructure through Afghanistan, describing it as key to unlocking new regional trade routes.

Logistics

Kazakhstan Faces Potential Logistics Disruptions Amid Iran-Israel Conflict

Kazakhstan’s Minister of National Economy, Serik Zhumangarin, has warned that the only significant risk to the national economy stemming from the conflict between Iran and Israel is a potential disruption to southern logistics routes. “We are closely monitoring developments in the Middle East and hope for a peaceful resolution. In terms of losses, we primarily export food to Iran, and we do not expect these events to affect that trade. The population there still needs to be fed. Our main concern is logistics. The only railway line heading south runs through Iran,” Zhumangarin told reporters on the sidelines of a Senate meeting. The route in question is the Kazakhstan-Turkmenistan-Iran segment of the North-South International Transport Corridor (Zhanaozen-Gyzylgaya-Bereket-Etrek-Gorgan), constructed between 2009 and 2014. The corridor reduces the distance from China to Iran by 500 kilometers when passing through Kazakhstan. However, Zhumangarin noted that Kazakhstan currently transports only a small volume of goods via this route, citing the poor condition of Iran’s railways. Iran’s railway infrastructure adheres to European standards with a track gauge of 1,435 mm, while Kazakhstan’s railcars are designed for a 1,520 mm gauge. Despite this technical discrepancy, Astana had been seeking to expand freight operations along this corridor. In February 2025, Kazakhstan’s ambassador to Tehran, Ontalap Onalbayev, met with Jabbar Ali Zakaria, head of the Iranian Railway Organization, to discuss plans to increase annual transit freight from 275,000 tons (2024) to 5 million tons. Following the escalation of the Iranian-Israeli conflict, Kazakhstan is now compelled to evaluate alternative logistics routes, Zhumangarin noted. “We have contingency options; we can route shipments through Georgia or use Chinese ports. This adds complexity to logistics, but if long-term consequences arise, we will adapt and support our business community. It’s too early to make firm predictions,” he stated. Kazakhstan’s trade turnover with Iran totaled approximately $350 million in 2024, with trade reaching $120 million in the first five months of 2025. As previously reported by The Times of Central Asia, in response to recent U.S. airstrikes in Iran, Central Asian nations, including Kazakhstan, have urged all parties to pursue diplomatic solutions and avoid any further escalation.

Railway

Stadler Begins Production of Railcars for Kazakhstan’s National Railway in Astana

Serial production of passenger railcars for Kazakhstan's national rail carrier, Passenger Transportation JSC, has officially commenced in Astana. The project is being implemented at the Stadler Kazakhstan LLP plant as part of a broader initiative to modernize the country's railway sector. Contract for 557 Cars The initiative stems from a long-term agreement between Passenger Transportation JSC and Swiss rail manufacturer Stadler Rail AG. Under the terms of the contract, 557 passenger cars of various types, including compartment and platzkart models, generator cars, and specially adapted trains for passengers with disabilities, are to be produced by 2030. The first 51 units are scheduled to enter service in 2025. The contract also includes a 20-year maintenance commitment by the manufacturer, aimed at ensuring the reliability and longevity of the rolling stock. Full Production Cycle During a recent visit to the plant, representatives of Passenger Transportation JSC inspected the facilities and reviewed completed bodies of passenger and generator cars. More than 400 specialists are currently employed at the plant, the majority of whom are Kazakh nationals. The manufacturing process encompasses a complete production cycle, from body welding and painting to the assembly of electrical components, bogies, and interior fittings. Each railcar undergoes both static and dynamic testing before leaving the production line. In the past two years, the facility has undergone significant modernization and localization, including workforce training in advanced technologies. Comfort and Safety The new Stadler cars are designed with passenger comfort and safety in mind. Each compartment coach will offer 40 sleeping berths and feature air conditioning, video surveillance, electric heating, and an automated fire suppression system. Passengers will have access to electrical outlets and USB ports in each compartment. The railcars will sport a distinctive exterior in corporate blue, yellow, and white, while the interiors will be tailored to suit Kazakhstan’s climate and long-distance travel requirements. Swiss Quality in the Steppe Stadler Rail AG is a leading European rail manufacturer with over 80 years of experience and operations in 45 countries. Renowned for producing reliable and technologically advanced railcars suited to harsh climates, the company has supplied equipment to regions including Scandinavia and Eastern Europe. President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev personally discussed the establishment of the Kazakh production facility with Stadler Chairman Peter Spuhler in December 2022. Located in Astana’s industrial park, the plant spans over 31,000 square meters and has an annual production capacity exceeding 100 railcars. The launch of serial production marks a pivotal step in overhauling Kazakhstan's railway infrastructure. Beyond replacing outdated rolling stock, the project fosters technological advancement, local job creation, and the strengthening of the domestic rail manufacturing sector.

Transport

Kazakhstan Donates Five Locomotives to Kyrgyzstan

Kazakhstan has donated five locomotives to Kyrgyzstan as part of ongoing cooperation in transport infrastructure, the Kazakhstan Agency of International Development (KazAID) announced. Two shunting locomotives and three mainline locomotives were transferred free of charge to Kyrgyz Temir Jolu, Kyrgyzstan’s national railway company. The donation was facilitated by KazAID, which aims to strengthen Kazakhstan’s regional ties through cooperation in transport, energy, and infrastructure. “This step demonstrates the continued successful implementation of official assistance, contributing to the development and strengthening of fraternal relations between Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan,” said KazAID Chairman Arken Arystanov. The locomotives are expected to significantly enhance freight transportation and maneuverability on Kyrgyzstan’s railways, supporting the country’s economic growth and regional connectivity. Kyrgyzstan’s Railway Modernization Efforts Kyrgyzstan has recently taken key steps to modernize its railway infrastructure and expand regional transport links. Trans-Eurasian Route Project: In February 2025, Kyrgyzstan signed a public-private partnership (PPP) agreement with U.S.-based consortium All American Rail Group Global Infrastructure Partner LLC for the construction of a $3 billion railway. The new east-west line will traverse Kyrgyzstan’s mountainous terrain, connecting Karakol in the Issyk-Kul region with Makmal in Jalal-Abad. China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan Railway: In December 2024, construction officially began on this 523-kilometer railway, designed to serve as a key east- west trade corridor. The project will link China, Central Asia, the Middle East (including Turkey, and the European Union.) Kazakhstan’s locomotive donation aligns with Kyrgyzstan’s broader efforts to enhance regional transport infrastructure, strengthening economic ties and facilitating greater trade opportunities.

Transport

Satellite Internet Now Available on Astana-Almaty Train in Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan Temir Zholy (KTZ), the national railway company, has launched a pilot project to provide satellite Internet access on its trains. The new service debuted on January 25 aboard the train connecting the capital, Astana, with the country's largest city, Almaty. Covering a 17-hour journey, the Astana-Almaty train route is one of the most popular in Kazakhstan. Using satellite technology, passengers can now access apps such as WhatsApp, YouTube, and other video-hosting platforms throughout their trip. However, access to torrent sites and platforms enabling streaming downloads will be restricted. The initiative is a collaboration between the Ministry of Digital Development, Innovation and Aerospace Industry, the Ministry of Transport, and Jusan Mobile, the official distributor of Eutelsat-OneWeb in Kazakhstan. Zhaslan Madiyev, Minister of Digital Development, Innovation and Aerospace Industry, described the project as a milestone for digitalizing the country's transportation network. “The launch of this pilot project on the KTZ train using the low-orbit satellite constellation Eutelsat-OneWeb is an important event in the digitalization of transport,” Madiyev stated. “Thanks to cooperation with partners, we have demonstrated that even in challenging conditions, it is possible to provide passengers with high-speed (50-100 Mbps) and stable internet. This achievement paves the way for further digital transformation in Kazakhstan and enhances travel comfort for our citizens.” The pilot project also includes the introduction of several technological upgrades to improve the passenger experience. Mobile terminals for conductors have been deployed to facilitate quick ticket verification, while POS terminals allow for cashless payments in the dining car. Additionally, video surveillance systems have been installed to enhance security in railcars. According to Anuar Akhmetzhanov, Chairman of the Board of JSC Passenger Transportation, the introduction of satellite internet is a key step in modernizing passenger services. He added that in the future, satellite internet access will be expanded to trains operating on other major routes. Currently, internet access on Kazakh trains is available only when trains travel near cities and villages with cellular network coverage. For the vast stretches of railway running across Kazakhstan’s expansive steppes - often far from human habitation - connectivity has traditionally been unavailable. The adoption of satellite internet technology addresses this gap and ensures seamless connectivity even in remote areas. For a country as large as Kazakhstan - it is the ninth largest in the world - railways remain a vital mode of transportation. In 2024, KTZ transported 13.6 million passengers, with the Astana-Almaty, Astana-Shymkent, Almaty-Shymkent, Astana-Semey, and Almaty-Semey routes being the most popular.

International transport

Kazakhstan-China Railway Cargo Transportation Reaches Record High in 2024

In 2024, railway cargo transportation between Kazakhstan and China exceeded 32 million tons, achieving an all-time high, according to the Kazakh Ministry of Transport. Kazakhstan’s rail exports to China grew by 1 million tons, totaling 13.7 million tons. Key export commodities included iron and non-ferrous ore, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, and grain. Meanwhile, Chinese transit cargo passing through Kazakhstan increased by 19%, reaching 15.3 million tons. Additionally, containerized Chinese cargo transiting to Europe via the Trans-Caspian International Transport Route (TITR) recorded significant growth, rising by 43% compared to 2023. One of the main drivers of this record-breaking performance was the opening of a Kazakh terminal at the dry port in Xi’an, China. In 2024, more than 300 container trains passed through this terminal and the Kazakh Caspian port of Aktau, an astonishing thirtyfold increase from 2023. Kazakhstan Temir Zholy (KTZ), the country’s national railway company, has expanded its terminal network. Currently, Kazakhstan operates five major terminals: The port of Lianyungang (China), The dry port in Xi’an (China), Dostyk railway station (Kazakhstan), The Khorgos Gateway dry port (Kazakhstan), and The ferry complex at the Caspian port of Kuryk (Kazakhstan). Kazakhstan has announced plans to add nine additional terminals over the next two years, reinforcing Kazakhstan’s position as a vital hub for transcontinental trade. Several terminal construction projects began in 2024, including: Almaty, Kazakhstan: A logistics hub aimed at strengthening domestic cargo-handling capacity. Azerbaijani port of Alat: A joint project involving Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, and China to establish a cargo terminal in Baku. Budapest, Hungary: A terminal in Hungary’s capital designed to expand Kazakhstan’s trade network in Europe. Selyatino, Russia: A facility near Moscow to support rail cargo transportation between Kazakhstan, Russia, and China. Additionally, and in collaboration with China’s port of Lianyungang, Kazakhstan has begun constructing a container hub at the Caspian port of Aktau. Kazakhstan’s expanding railway infrastructure will solidify its role as a key logistics hub connecting China, Central Asia, and Europe. With continued investment in terminal networks and partnerships with regional and global stakeholders, Kazakhstan is well-positioned to further enhance its trade capacity and meet the growing demand for transcontinental cargo transportation.