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Tourism

Turkmenistan Launches E-Visa System, But Questions Remain

Turkmenistan says it has introduced an online visa system that will streamline travel for foreign citizens, though there is some uncertainty about the new procedures for visiting one of the world’s most closed countries. The State Migration Service briefed foreign diplomats and representatives of international organizations about its system of processing and issuing electronic visas as well as an online system to register foreign citizens staying in Turkmenistan, along with “individuals and legal entities” hosting them. “New digital services will allow foreign citizens arriving in the country to save time, transfer documents to electronic management, and carry out all work in a short time and in a simplified manner,” the migration service said on September 30. “These systems will also increase the efficiency of the work of the migration service and ensure that services are organized in accordance with modern requirements.” State media said the new system was in line with Turkmenistan’s growing interaction with the rest of the world and comes as “the number of foreign citizens coming to our country and people traveling from our country to foreign countries is constantly increasing.” Traditionally, foreign tourists traveling to Turkmenistan have had to obtain an invitation letter from a local tour agency or other host, and preparation for a trip can take weeks or months. Additionally, movement within Turkmenistan is tightly monitored, with escorts assigned to visitors in some parts of the country. While Turkmen authorities say the new online system will make the entry process more efficient and cut wait times, one tour operator said it is still unclear how the process will work. Saiga Tours, which has experience working in Turkmenistan, said in an early assessment that the announcement of the e-visa system is significant but that key details are still lacking, including who can use it and whether the invitation letter process for tourists will be replaced altogether. “Currently on the website there is a log in page, but there is still nowhere yet for you to sign up and information on the site is limited at best,” Saiga Tours said. There are separate requirements for business and humanitarian e-visas. Turkmenistan’s portal for online visa applications is https://evisa.migration.gov.tm/web/

14 hours ago

Rail Corridors

Kazakhstan Pursues Trans-Afghan Railway Routes to Indian Ocean

Kazakhstan wants a railway route to the Indian Ocean through Afghanistan and Pakistan. There is already freight that could use such a corridor: in the first seven months of 2026, Kazakhstan’s exports to Afghanistan approached $573 million. What does not yet exist is a continuous railway all the way to the sea. Several developments around this route took place in late September. Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and the United Arab Emirates agreed to study a corridor through Afghanistan to Pakistani ports. In western Afghanistan, a new section of a separate railway built with the participation of a company from Kazakhstan opened. Astana is also involved in plans for a railway from the Turkmen border through Herat and farther across Afghanistan. It is important not to treat all these projects as a single railway. The September 30 memorandum on the Central Asia-South Asia (CASA) project describes a route through Uzbekistan. The Khaf-Herat and Torghundi-Herat projects are separate schemes involving western Afghanistan. Official terminology has not always been consistent, with earlier government statements also using the CASA label for the Torghundi-Herat-Kandahar-Spin Boldak proposal. Afghanistan has already become a significant market for Kazakhstan’s food products. In January-July 2026, bilateral trade reached $581.1 million, compared with $541.6 million for the whole of 2025. Almost all of this year’s turnover, $572.9 million, consisted of exports from Kazakhstan. Flour accounted for $215.6 million, wheat for $122 million, and vegetable oil for $51.1 million. In the 2022-2023 season, Kazakhstan exported around 17,000 tons of sunflower oil to Afghanistan. The volume has risen to 75,000 tons in the current season, while the industry is targeting 110,000-120,000 tons next season. The two governments have set a target of increasing bilateral trade to $3 billion. For Kazakhstan, Afghanistan is currently primarily a market. The larger transport plans envisage a second role for the country: a transit territory through which Kazakh freight could eventually reach the sea. CASA: Across Afghanistan to the Sea The route now under consideration would run from Kazakhstan through Uzbekistan and Afghanistan to Pakistan, providing access to Pakistani ports on the Indian Ocean. Kazakh authorities say the corridor could eventually carry up to 10 million tons of freight a year. The three countries agreed to conduct technical and economic studies and examine financing options. No cost estimate, final route, or construction timetable has been announced. The infrastructure gap is clear on Afghanistan’s railway map. Short railway lines enter the country from Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan in the north and from Iran in the west. Pakistan’s rail network, in turn, does not extend into Afghanistan. Kazakhstan is also building ties with the Pakistani end of any future corridor. During President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev’s state visit to Pakistan in February, transport and railway organizations signed cooperation documents, while the ports of Aktau and Karachi agreed to exchange information. Talks also covered Gwadar and transit routes through Afghanistan. Why Herat Matters to Kazakhstan Herat lies in western Afghanistan, close to both Iran and Turkmenistan. That geography puts the city at the center of several...

16 hours ago

Trade and Investment

Oman Trade Corridor Could Link Kazakhstan to Indian Ocean

Kazakhstan could gain a new trade route to the Indian Ocean through Oman’s ports, offering an alternative to its traditional northern and Caspian corridors. Haitham bin Tariq Al Said, the sultan of Oman, raised the proposal during talks with President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev in Astana on October 6. He arrived in Astana on October 5, becoming the first Omani sultan to visit Central Asia “We look forward to developing cooperation in transport and logistics, including the development of a trade corridor through Oman’s ports, as well as strengthening air links between our countries,” the Sultan said. For landlocked Kazakhstan, Omani ports would provide another potential route to the Indian Ocean. Kazakhstan is already developing the Middle Corridor across the Caspian Sea and the South Caucasus, while Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and the United Arab Emirates are studying the CASA railway project through Afghanistan to Pakistani ports. No route, transit countries, cargo volumes, costs, or launch timetable have yet been announced for the Omani proposal. The talks came immediately after Kazakhstan signed an agreement aimed at settling a long-running dispute over Dunga, an oil field in western Kazakhstan near the Caspian coast. KazMunayGas controls a 60% interest in the project through Dunga Operating GmbH, while Oman Oil Company Limited and Thailand’s PTT Exploration and Production Public Company Limited (PTTEP) each hold 20%. The dispute concerned costs accumulated under the production-sharing agreement that Kazakhstan considered non-recoverable. On October 5, the Energy Ministry and KazMunayGas signed an agreement to resolve the disputed issues. The agreement will now be sent to the foreign partners, Oman Oil Company Limited and PTTEP, for signature. A new development plan for 2026-2039 provides for production of 67.4 million barrels of oil, as well as capital and operating investment. Omani capital is also present in Kazakhstan’s gold industry. Maaden International Investment, an Omani state-owned investment fund, held 31.7% of Solidcore’s voting rights as of March 31, 2026, making it the company’s largest shareholder. Solidcore operates gold-mining assets in Kazakhstan. Kazakhstan and Oman have assembled a portfolio of five major joint projects worth around $3 billion. Two projects totaling approximately $1.1 billion have already been implemented in the energy and railway sectors, while others, including ore-processing projects, are at various stages of development. Oman Investment Authority and Kazakhstan’s sovereign wealth fund Samruk-Kazyna are among the main partners. During the visit, Samruk-Kazyna and the Oman Investment Authority exchanged an implementation agreement on establishing a joint investment fund and a term sheet for a Rixos hotel project at Blue City in Oman. KazMunayGas and OQ Exploration and Production also agreed to cooperate on investment opportunities in oil and gas exploration and production. The package of agreements covered areas including transport, agriculture, technology, healthcare, mining, and renewable energy. Despite a joint investment portfolio measured in billions of dollars, merchandise trade between the two countries remains modest. On October 5, the Chamber of International Commerce of Kazakhstan and the Oman Chamber of Commerce and Industry signed a memorandum of understanding. Kazakhstan proposed expanding exports of grain, meat, and...

18 hours ago

Kyrgyz Film

The Filmmakers Behind Kanjar on Action and Cultural Heritage

A stolen dagger drives the action in Kanjar, a Kyrgyz thriller that explores the loss of cultural heritage. Director and screenwriter Adilet Akmatov draws on his experience as a stunt performer and fight choreographer to bring the story to the screen. Co-producer and actor Mohamed Hamad Haymour took a different route into the project. Born in Canada to Lebanese parents, he moved to Kyrgyzstan with his wife intending to open a restaurant. A meeting with Akmatov led him into filmmaking and his first feature-film role, playing a villain. Following a preview screening, Akmatov and Haymour spoke to Shahsanem Murray about the film and their work together. TCA: Adilet, what drew you to make this film? Adilet Akmatov: Now a director and screenwriter, I have hands-on experience as a stunt performer, choreographing fight scenes, operating cameras, and editing. For me, a movie never starts with a genre; it starts with a story and an emotion. I love genre cinema, but a human theme should always remain at the core of the action, adventure, or thriller. This film is exactly that kind of film. It is an action thriller, but it also addresses memory, responsibility, and human choice. TCA: What inspired your screenplay? Adilet Akmatov: First and foremost, I was intrigued by the concept of a historical artifact. More than a mere object, it represents a fragment of a nation’s heritage. At one point in the script, one of my characters says: “This dagger has outlasted dynasties, wars, and migrations, absorbing the memory of several generations.” I was fascinated to see how I could develop a story that would prompt audiences to question the significance of such ancient objects in their understanding of the world and their place in it. In the plot, a dagger is stolen and, against all odds, must be retrieved. But beneath the surface, I wanted to explore what happens to people and, indeed, society at large, when memory is treated as a commodity to be bought and sold. That is the root of the conflict that runs through the film. TCA: How did you approach working with the cast? Adilet Akmatov: On my set, there is no division between stars and lesser-known actors. There is only a shared objective. Trust is paramount, especially in an action movie. Action is not just about thrilling movements; it requires precision, discipline, and a deep understanding of your partner. If one person slips up for even a second, it can directly impact someone else. Therefore, I always try to find common ground with the actors first, to understand their personalities and capabilities, and only then do I choreograph the scene. It is imperative that when an actor executes a staged movement, they truly understand why their character is doing it. Each of the male characters in the film is an individual in his own right. I did not want to create a generic mass of ‘bad guys’. Each has his own perspective on the situation and his own limit of how...

20 hours ago

Arms Trade

India Says It Exported Akash Missile System to Tajikistan and Turkmenistan

India says Tajikistan and Turkmenistan are customers of its Akash surface-to-air missile system, which can be used to counter threats including drones, missiles, and fighter aircraft. The two Central Asian countries have not commented publicly on the Akash exports, and Indian officials have not provided details about the transactions. But Indian Defense Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh has told Asian News International (ANI) that there is growing international interest in the Akash system, which Indian officials regard as a success of their indigenous defense industry. "Akash, I would say that it is one of our success stories. It shows the maturing of our indigenous missile design and production system. It is effective in dealing with high-velocity aerial targets,” Singh said. “The first customer was Armenia, which has taken multiple batteries. Thereafter, we've also exported it to Tajikistan and Turkmenistan. Production has stabilized.” He said there were “additional orders for our own services” and that more were expected from other countries, according to an ANI report on October 1. The agency described the sales to Tajikistan and Turkmenistan as “an expansion of Indian arms exports into traditionally Russian-supplied markets.” While Tajikistan and Turkmenistan traditionally relied on Soviet and Russian military hardware, Turkmenistan has taken significant steps to diversify its arms suppliers, also buying weapons from China, Türkiye, and Italy. Tajikistan is more closely tied to Russia, though it has bought weapons systems from China. Tajikistan is a member of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO), a regional alliance that is led by Russia; Turkmenistan maintains a posture of self-declared neutrality and is not a member of the CSTO. Indian officials have promoted the Akash missile system as a relatively economical option in the international air defense market. India’s state-run Defence Research and Development Organisation started developing the Akash missile system in the 1980s. In the mid-2010s, it was inducted into the Indian army and air force, which ordered thousands of the missiles. The Indian government approved Akash exports in December 2020, according to Airforce Technology, a website that reports on procurement in the military aerospace industry. The Akash weapon system can target threats including drones, helicopters, and fighter aircraft at ranges of 4.5 to 25 kilometers and altitudes of up to 20 kilometers, India’s Defense Ministry said.

2 days ago

AI Adoption

Industrial AI Reaches Kazakhstan’s Factories, but Many Projects Remain Experimental

Artificial intelligence (AI) is already monitoring mining trucks, production lines, and workplace safety at industrial sites in Kazakhstan. Yet a gap remains between a successful experiment and technology that works every day at a factory or mine. Closing it was one of the main issues discussed at the third meeting of Kazakhstan’s Council for the Development of Artificial Intelligence. A study by the British Chamber of Commerce in Kazakhstan, with contributions from Narxoz University and the Kazakh-British Technical University, found that 58.8% of AI projects among the industrial companies surveyed remained at the pilot stage, with none reaching full-scale deployment. The sample was small, comprising just 17 executives and specialists from several industrial sectors, so its findings cannot be extrapolated to Kazakhstan’s entire industrial sector. The responses illustrate the problems companies encounter after their first experiments with AI. Respondents most often cited a shortage of in-house specialists and expertise, followed by implementation costs. Yet 70.6% of completed pilots cost less than $50,000. The greater expense can come when the technology has to be integrated with existing equipment, data, and production processes. The government’s 2025–26 roadmap covers 41 projects at 11 major industrial enterprises. They include Qarmet, which operates the country’s largest steelworks in Temirtau; copper producers Kazakhmys and KAZ Minerals; gold producer Solidcore Eurasia; and mining and metals group Eurasian Resources Group (ERG). Industrial AI Acceleration has become one testing ground for deploying artificial intelligence directly at industrial sites. More than 12 companies submitted over 140 problems for AI teams to tackle, including equipment maintenance, safety, and procurement. Of 24 pilot projects initiated under the program, seven have reached industrial operation. Some technologies have already made it onto factory floors and into mines. ERG uses its manufacturing execution system, ERG MES, to monitor production in real time. It collects data on output, technological processes, production losses, and equipment downtime. The Ministry of Industry and Construction estimates the economic effect at around 1.5 billion tenge, or approximately $3.39 million at the official exchange rate on October 2. At KAZ Minerals’ Aktogay copper mine in eastern Kazakhstan, AI is used to manage the movement of mining trucks. Solidcore Eurasia uses the technology in medical examinations for employees working in hazardous production environments. The Council also discussed the bureaucratic obstacles that can hold up successful projects. After a pilot, companies can face further approvals and testing, along with procurement and regulatory hurdles. Tokayev proposed avoiding the entire testing cycle again when a solution has already demonstrated results at a company operating under similar production conditions. The government and Samruk-Kazyna are to select companies for wider AI deployment. Samruk-Kazyna is Kazakhstan’s sovereign wealth fund, which manages state assets across major industries. The government also wants production workers to identify problems for developers. Engineers and operators see equipment downtime, product defects, and wasted materials firsthand. These problems are to form a list of practical challenges for technology companies and researchers. The list is intended in part to guide Qazaq AI Research University, a specialized university...

2 days ago

Asian Games

Central Asia Wins 186 Asian Games Medals as Uzbekistan Finishes Fifth

Athletes from Central Asia’s five countries won 186 medals at the Asian Games in Japan, where Uzbekistan finished fifth overall and Kazakhstan claimed the region’s largest medal haul. The 20th Summer Asian Games were held from September 19 to October 4 in Aichi-Nagoya, Japan. China once again topped the medal table, followed by Japan and South Korea. Uzbekistan won 70 medals, including 21 golds, matching its fifth-place finish at the previous Games in Hangzhou. The result follows a 13th-place finish in the medal table at the 2024 Paris Olympics. Kazakhstan won 84 medals, including 12 golds, and finished eighth in the standings, up from 11th at the previous Asian Games. Among Kazakhstan’s champions was road cyclist Alexey Lutsenko, whose two victories took his Asian Games career tally to six golds, making him the country’s most successful athlete in the competition by number of gold medals. Boxers Torekhan Sabyrkhan and Aibek Oralbay also won gold. Kazakhstan’s men’s épée fencing team claimed another title, while Vladislav Yakovlev and Ivan Chernukhin took gold in the men’s pair rowing event. Kazakhstan’s Yasmina Toxanbayeva crossed the line first in the women’s marathon race walk, a 26.2-mile event, but was disqualified because her shoes did not comply with World Athletics requirements. The Kazakhstan Athletics Federation challenged the decision. Tajikistan won 16 medals and finished 22nd, surpassing its previous record of seven medals at a single Asian Games. Before the Japan Games, the country had won 35 medals in total across all previous Summer Asian Games appearances. Kyrgyzstan finished 26th with 14 medals, including one gold and three silvers. The country also won 10 bronzes, and all but one of its medals came in combat sports. Turkmenistan’s two silver medals went to karate athlete Davut Nazmyradov and weightlifter Shahzadbek Matyakubov. Matyakubov finished second in the men’s 110-kilogram category behind Uzbekistan’s Akbar Djuraev. The next Summer Asian Games will be held in Doha in 2030.

2 days ago

Trade Logistics

World Bank Says Middle Corridor Needs More Than $55 Billion by 2040

Developing a transport corridor linking China and Central Asia with Europe across the Caspian Sea will require more than $55 billion in investment through 2040. But the World Bank’s recent report, Integration: World-Class Trade Logistics Along the Trans-Caspian Transport Corridor, argues that infrastructure alone will not resolve the difficulties of moving freight across borders and between rail and ships. The route is the Trans-Caspian Transport Corridor, better known as the Middle Corridor. Trains typically travel from China through Kazakhstan to the Caspian ports of Aktau and Kuryk, where containers are transferred to ships. In Azerbaijan, they return to rail and continue through Georgia and Turkey toward Europe. The report covers nine countries with a combined population of nearly 200 million. With targeted investment, the World Bank estimates that trade volumes along the corridor could more than triple and travel times could be halved. GDP across those countries could be around 3.3% higher by 2040, with about 2 million additional jobs. If infrastructure investment is combined with reforms to make trade and transport more efficient, corridor volumes could quadruple compared with 2023 and travel times could fall by about two-thirds. At least $25 billion would be needed to relieve bottlenecks on railways and at Caspian ports. Another estimated $30.5 billion would improve connections between the main corridor and local economies, including terminals and digital systems. In February, the World Bank approved an $846 million guarantee from the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, alongside a $564 million co-guarantee from the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank. The package is intended to help mobilize $1.41 billion in long-term commercial financing for rail infrastructure along Kazakhstan’s section of the Middle Corridor. One of the principal projects is the roughly 322-kilometer Mointy-Kyzylzhar railway. The new line is expected to shorten the route by 149 kilometers and relieve pressure on the existing rail network. But hours saved on the Kazakh rail leg could still be lost waiting for a ship or crossing a border. The World Bank proposes a single digital corridor system built around a Transport, Transit, and Trade (T3) document. A carrier would enter cargo information once, allowing transport and customs authorities in different countries to use the same data. The bank also proposes a joint venture between railway and Caspian shipping operators. It would allow customers to buy a single container freight service for the route rather than arranging rail and maritime transport separately. During a September visit to Kazakhstan, World Customs Organization Secretary General Ian Saunders called for common international data standards and closer coordination between neighboring customs administrations. The Middle Corridor is often described as an alternative route for Chinese goods traveling to Europe. Its railways and ports also need to carry goods produced by Central Asia’s own economies. The five Central Asian countries exported $8.1 billion worth of goods to one another in January-July 2026, up 25.4% from a year earlier. The World Bank expects cheaper and more predictable transport to help local producers sell to neighboring countries and more distant...

2 days ago

CAMCA

Opinion: Building Bridges, Backing the Future: Why Entrepreneurs Must Connect Across Borders

In the age of AI, capital and code travel fast. Trust does not. That is why the most valuable infrastructure our region can build right now is human: entrepreneurs who know each other across borders. This week in Baku, at the CAMCA Forum 2026, two moments stayed with me. The first was a conversation on stage with investor Lucy Chow about what it means to back the future when artificial intelligence is rewriting the rules of business. The second happened a day earlier, quietly, at a signing table. The CAMCA network signed a Memorandum of Understanding with YEGAP, the Young Entrepreneurs Group of Asia Pacific. Mr. Hiromi Aoki travelled from Japan to be with us. The purpose is simple to state and hard to do: build a lasting bridge between the founders of Central Asia, Mongolia, the Caucasus and Afghanistan and their peers across Asia-Pacific. Those two moments are connected. The more powerful technology becomes, the more the advantage shifts to people who are connected to other people. What "backing the future" means now I opened our session by asking Lucy what "backing the future" means to her. We spent the next hour testing that phrase against the realities of AI: what is truly different about this wave, where the signal ends and the hype begins, and where entrepreneurs still have room when so much capital flows to a handful of AI giants. The answer that emerged was reassuring. AI changes the tools, the speed and the cost of building a company. It does not change what makes a company worth backing: a visionary founder, a real problem, a great solution, a customer who will pay to solve it, and a team that can execute and adapt. What AI does change is the bar. When anyone can build a prototype in a weekend, a prototype is no longer proof. The proof is distribution, domain knowledge and trust with customers. Those are exactly the things the world's largest AI labs cannot buy in Almaty, Tashkent, Ulaanbaatar or Baku. That is where the space for our entrepreneurs lies. Not in competing to build the biggest foundation models, but in applying AI to the industries we know better than anyone: agriculture and herding, logistics along new trade corridors, remittances and financial inclusion, energy, health, education and natural resources. The main focus should be to really focus on our uniqueness and take that to the world and showcase our local identity. Investors back people, and people are shaped by their networks When technology moves this fast, how do you judge a founder? The qualities we discussed are not new: resilience, curiosity, honesty about what is not working, and the speed to learn and change course. What is new is how quickly those qualities are tested. A founder today may need to rebuild a product three times in the time it once took to build it once. One quality matters more than it used to: the ability to learn from others. No founder can track...

3 days ago

CAMCA

Opinion: CAMCA: From Regional Connectivity to Cross-Border Innovation

What would it take for a fintech company that succeeds in one CAMCA country to enter another without starting from zero? That question guided a roundtable on the next digital Silk Road at the CAMCA Regional Forum in Baku. The discussion brought together leaders in financial services, investment, and technology from a region spanning Central Asia, the Caucasus, Mongolia, and Afghanistan. As moderator, I wanted to move beyond the broad ambition of regional connectivity and examine what companies need to operate across borders: working payment systems, partnerships, regulatory clarity, and a path to their first customer in a new market. The panel featured Tughra Musayeva, Head of Innovations at PASHA Financial Holding; Jenny Jenish kyzy, Product Owner at MBank Junior and a CAMCA Network member from Kyrgyzstan; Muna Shukurova, Managing Director of Alif in Uzbekistan and a CAMCA Network member from Tajikistan; and Jonathan Low, Founder and Group CEO of Ampyre Group and Biptap. A central theme was financial infrastructure. The speakers explored the potential for pilots using existing platforms to connect CAMCA markets, including cross-border payments, business settlements, digital wallets, and new settlement technologies. Such pilots would require regulators and private companies to work together on defined problems and learn from results. Mr. Low argued that the region has an opportunity to make deliberate choices about the systems it wants to build: “Most regions overregulate before they even know what they're building. CAMCA has an advantage here, it can watch Europe's and ASEAN’s fintech buildout and skip the mistakes instead of repeating them and learn what works. But that only works if you decide what you want first. Regulation should follow the vision, not replace it. And the tool that actually unifies a region this spread out is banking orchestration, new technology stitching fragmented markets into one functioning system.” Expansion also raises a practical question for companies already active in more than one market: which capabilities can travel, and which parts of a product must change? Requirements for licensing, identity checks, anti-money-laundering controls, infrastructure, and consumer behavior differ across countries. Ms Shukurova drew on Alif’s experience of entering other CAMCA markets: “Regional expansion is not a copy-paste exercise. You can replicate technology, risk expertise and operating capabilities, but the product still has to be built around local regulation, infrastructure and customer behavior. The core can travel; the market fit has to be local.” The panel then turned to the role of established financial groups. For a startup, a successful pilot can demonstrate that a solution works. It becomes more valuable when that result helps the company find a partner or customer in its next market. Corporate networks and regional investors can help make that step less costly. Ms Musayeva described the gap between proving a product and expanding it: “In our region, a startup does not scale simply because its technology is scalable. It scales when the ecosystem reduces the cost of entering the next market. Today, a founder who has proven a solution in Tashkent still arrives in...

4 days ago

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