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Lake Issyk-Kul

Kazakhstan Ratifies Agreement to Modernize Four Resort Facilities on Issyk-Kul

Kazakh investors are set to modernize four resort facilities on Lake Issyk-Kul in Kyrgyzstan after the Senate ratified an intergovernmental agreement regulating property rights and project implementation, Senator Nuria Niyazova has said. On February 12, the upper house of Parliament approved the agreement between the governments of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan on the settlement of Kazakhstan’s property rights to resort and recreational facilities in the Issyk-Kul region. The document had previously been endorsed by the Mazhilis. Under its terms, Kazakhstan undertakes to upgrade the facilities to the standards of three- and four-star hotels operating year-round by the end of 2029. Kyrgyzstan will lease land plots totaling 58.8 hectares to Kazakhstan for 49 years. The Kyrgyz side has guaranteed the inviolability of the facilities and committed not to initiate their seizure for state ownership. The largest project involves the reconstruction of the Kazakhstan sanatorium, overseen by the Presidential Administration of Kazakhstan. The facility is scheduled for commissioning in the fourth quarter of 2026. Plans include preserving the historic building known as Dacha No. 1 of Dinmukhamed Kunaev, who led the Kazakh SSR until 1986, as a house-museum. The Samal resort renovation is being carried out under a joint activity agreement between Satbayev University and a private investor. Initial data are being collected to prepare design and cost documentation, with construction scheduled to begin in the fourth quarter of 2026. Al-Farabi Kazakh National University is drafting technical specifications for the reconstruction of its sports and recreation camp. Once calculations are finalized, the project’s budget and projected payback period will be determined. According to the senator, alternative funding sources, including extrabudgetary funds, are being considered. The fourth facility, the Olymp Sports and Health Center, is being prepared by the Ministry of Tourism and Sports of Kazakhstan, which is developing design documentation and investment agreement parameters for the project. Following approval by both chambers of Parliament, the agreement will be submitted to President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev for signature. As previously reported by The Times of Central Asia, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan have established a joint working group to explore a shorter road route from Almaty to Issyk-Kul, a project that could significantly reduce travel time between the two destinations.

Coal

Kazakhstan’s Largest Coal Mine to Increase Production from 2026

Bogatyr Kömir LLP, the operator of Kazakhstan’s largest coal mine in Ekibastuz, in Pavlodar region, plans to gradually increase production beginning in 2026, the Ministry of Energy reports. The company, which uses open-pit mining, is the country’s largest supplier of coal to the domestic market, accounting for about 38% of total coal output. According to the ministry, coal production in Kazakhstan reached 120.5 million tons in 2025. With balance reserves estimated at 2.4 billion tons, the company is positioning itself for long-term growth. Under current plans, output is expected to rise from 42.7 million tons in 2024 to 45.2 million tons by 2026, reaching 56.5 million tons annually by 2032. The expansion will be backed by a $733 million investment program for 2026-2032. Funds will be allocated to capital construction and technological upgrades, including the introduction of cyclic-flow technology at the Severny open-pit mine and the development of new spoil tips. The company also plans to modernize its mining transport fleet and reconstruct and overhaul existing facilities to ensure stable fuel supplies to the energy sector. The Ministry of Energy links the production increase to the implementation of a national project to expand coal-fired power generation. The Pavlodar region already plays a central role in the country’s energy system, accounting for about 42% of Kazakhstan’s total electricity generation last year. Key elements of the program include expanding the Ekibastuz GRES-2 power plant, increasing its installed capacity from 1 GW to 2.1 GW; constructing a new Ekibastuz GRES-3 power plant with a capacity of 2.64 GW using “clean coal” technologies; and modernizing the GRES plant in Aksu. According to the ministry, a significant increase in power generation requires advance expansion of the raw material base. Additional electricity demand is also expected from digital infrastructure projects. As previously reported by The Times of Central Asia, authorities plan to create a “valley” of data centers in the Pavlodar region focused on digitalization and high-performance computing.

Kazakhstan to Launch AI Fund Backed by National Bank

Kazakhstan will establish a dedicated Artificial Intelligence Fund to finance digital and educational initiatives, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Development Zhaslan Madiev announced at an expanded government meeting. According to Madiev, the fund will be capitalized using resources from the National Bank, with the government currently finalizing its financial and organizational structure. The fund is expected to serve as the main vehicle for identifying and supporting priority AI and digitalization projects, as well as educational programs. Madiev cited international precedents, noting that leading technological nations allocate between 4% and 6% of GDP to digital development and artificial intelligence over three years. Based on ministry projections, such investments could yield a multiplier effect of 5 to 1, with the potential to contribute up to 1.5% of GDP annually in additional economic growth. One of the fund’s key focuses will be integrating AI solutions into Kazakhstan’s public and quasi-public sectors. Simultaneously, the country is pursuing international tech partnerships. With presidential backing, Kazakhstan has approved the creation of a joint venture with Chinese artificial intelligence firm 01.AI. Scheduled to launch in March, the venture will operate the National Artificial Intelligence Platform and focus on developing AI agents to enhance public sector decision-making. 01.AI is a startup founded by former Google China CEO Kai-Fu Lee. The company is best known for its open-source language model Yi-34B, positioned as an alternative to ChatGPT. At the meeting, President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev emphasized that AI is a foundational pillar of Kazakhstan’s emerging economic model. Anticipated benefits include increased labor productivity, growth in export-oriented industries, higher production of high value-added goods, and deeper integration into global digital networks. However, Tokayev also cautioned against using insufficient digitalization as a scapegoat for systemic inefficiencies. “Technology should not serve as an excuse for management shortcomings,” he noted. As previously reported by The Times of Central Asia, Kazakhstan joined OpenAI’s “Education for Countries” initiative, aimed at integrating AI tools into national education systems.

Economy

Kazakhstan Targets Raising Wage Share of GDP to 40%

The Kazakh government is preparing a series of measures aimed at accelerating wage growth and increasing the overall wage fund, with the goal of raising its share in the country’s GDP to 40%, Prime Minister Olzhas Bektenov announced during an expanded government meeting. According to government estimates, household incomes are currently growing more slowly than the broader economy and corporate profits, including those generated with state support. At present, wages account for roughly 31% of Kazakhstan’s GDP, a figure considered relatively high by Central Asian standards but still below the levels seen in developed economies, where wage funds typically exceed 40% of GDP. Kazakhstan’s GDP growth in 2025 reached $20.1 billion in monetary terms, with the economy expanding at an annual rate of 6.5%, according to official data. To address the income gap, the government is developing a comprehensive package that includes financial, tax, and regulatory incentives for employers to raise wages. The initiative also prioritizes the creation of new, decently paid jobs, upskilling of the workforce, and reducing the financial burden on citizens. Real income growth has been designated a key economic policy priority for 2026. A complementary role will be played by the upcoming Joint Action Program for 2026-2028, developed by the Cabinet, the financial regulator, and the National Bank. The program aims to stabilize the macroeconomic environment and improve public welfare, setting a target of household income growth at a rate of at least 2-3% above inflation each year. According to official statistics, the average monthly salary in Kazakhstan stood at approximately $873 by the end of the third quarter of 2025. However, earlier reports indicated that the minimum wage will remain frozen at $172 in 2026, despite prior commitments to increase it.

Water Access

Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan Resume Data Sharing on Reservoirs and Transboundary Rivers

Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan have renewed formal cooperation in hydrometeorology, agreeing to exchange key hydrological data on major reservoirs and transboundary rivers, a development officials say is vital for regional flood management and agricultural planning. The agreement covers data exchange on the Kirov, Orto-Tokoy, and Toktogul reservoirs, all located in Kyrgyzstan but directly influencing downstream water supply in Kazakhstan. The signing took place on February 9 in Astana, where Kyrgyzstan’s First Deputy Minister of Emergency Situations Mambetov Muratovich and Kazakhstan’s First Deputy Minister of Water Resources and Irrigation Nurlan Aldamzharov endorsed a 2026-2028 cooperation program between Kazhydromet and the Kyrgyz Hydrometeorological Service. Key Components of the Agreement The three-year program includes: Regular exchange of hydrological data on shared rivers and reservoirs Joint forecasting of basin runoff and water accumulation Mutual hazard and storm warnings Scientific and technical collaboration Professional exchange between agencies Describing the agreement as an achievement of "water diplomacy," Aldamzharov emphasized that timely data is critical to protecting populations and infrastructure downstream, especially during peak water flow and flood risk periods. Strategic Role of Kyrgyz Water Infrastructure Kyrgyzstan plays a pivotal upstream role in Central Asia’s water system, delivering seasonal irrigation flows to southern Kazakhstan’s Turkistan, Kyzylorda, and Zhambyl regions via the Chu, Talas, and Syr Darya rivers. Each of the reservoirs included in the data-sharing agreement serves a distinct strategic function: Kirov Reservoir: Located in Kyrgyzstan’s Talas region, near the Kazakh border; vital for irrigating farmland on both sides. Orto-Tokoy Reservoir: Situated on the Chu River, which flows into Kazakhstan, it regulates seasonal supply for downstream agriculture. Toktogul Reservoir: Kyrgyzstan’s largest, located on the Naryn River, the principal tributary of the Syr Darya, one of Central Asia’s main water arteries feeding Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. According to Kazakhstan’s Ministry of Water Resources, during the 2025 growing season, Zhambyl region received 160 million cubic meters of water via the Chu River and 427.5 million cubic meters via the Talas River under existing water allocation frameworks. Water Stress Ahead of Growing Season Authorities warn that the Syr Darya basin continues to experience low-flow conditions. Reduced inflows to the Naryn-Syr Darya system are threatening irrigation reliability for the upcoming agricultural season. The Toktogul Reservoir may reach near-record low levels, heightening risks for downstream farmers. In response, agricultural authorities in southern Kazakhstan have urged the adoption of water-saving irrigation technologies, a shift away from water-intensive crops, and greater reliance on drought-resistant varieties-steps that make access to reliable hydrological forecasts increasingly urgent.

Nurlan Saburov

A Stranger Among His Own: Rejected by Russia, Kazakh Comedian Nurlan Saburov Faces Cold Reception at Home

Kazakh comedian Nurlan Saburov has become the third stand-up performer to be officially barred from entering Russia, this time with a 50-year entry ban. The decision, reportedly issued on national security grounds, follows years of mounting controversy surrounding the artist, who has struggled to reconcile his dual identity as a Kazakhstani citizen and a celebrity shaped by Russian showbusiness. From Stepnogorsk to Moscow Spotlight Born in 1991 in Stepnogorsk (Akmola region, Kazakhstan), Saburov’s career took off through KVN, the long-running Soviet-era improv competition, after enrolling at Ural Federal University in Yekaterinburg. In 2014, he relocated to Moscow with his family to pursue a career in the booming Russian stand-up scene, eventually gaining national fame through television appearances. However, that rise has since been marred by a series of political and legal controversies. Neutrality in the Spotlight and Its Consequences Saburov's troubles began in April 2022, when he was confronted during a U.S. tour by a protester covered in red paint, a symbolic act referencing the war in Ukraine. His offhand joke referencing menstruation drew global backlash, leading to an American tour cancellation and public outrage. Attempts to declare a neutral stance on the war in Ukraine only deepened public criticism. By May 2025, he faced his first major setback at Moscow's Sheremetyevo airport, where he was fined for immigration violations but allowed to leave without a ban. Then, on February 6, 2026, upon arrival at Vnukovo airport from Dubai, Saburov was detained and issued an official notice of a 50-year ban from entering Russia. The document cited violations of tax and migration law, with authorities alleging he attempted to legalize his earnings through intermediaries while refusing to apply for Russian citizenship. “In 2024 alone, Nurlan Saburov declared more than 50 million rubles [$645,000] in income while ignoring tax and migration rules,” Russian law enforcement sources told RIA Novosti. He was initially scheduled for deportation to Dubai but instead chose to fly to Almaty, Kazakhstan. Uneasy Return to Kazakhstan Speculation quickly emerged about whether Saburov would settle permanently in Almaty, where he co-hosts a successful YouTube talk show alongside three Russian hosts. The program, previously hosted on YouTube, now runs on VK, Russia’s state-backed video platform, and frequently features Russian celebrities. Relocating the production to Kazakhstan could, some argued, benefit the country’s cultural profile and tourism appeal. However, Saburov was met with public hostility. A video from 2025 resurfaced online showing him donating 10 enduro motorcycles to fighters from the Wagner Group’s Istra unit, a controversial paramilitary force implicated in operations in Ukraine. In response, Almaty-based activist Marat Turymbetov submitted a formal complaint to the Prosecutor General’s Office of Kazakhstan, calling for an investigation into possible violations of Article 170 of the Criminal Code, which prohibits financing illegal armed groups. “I believe the authorities will investigate and bring this individual to justice,” Turymbetov stated in a social media post, citing possible mercenary activity. Other Kazakhstani citizens, particularly those who support Ukraine, joined Turymbetov’s call for legal action. Saburov Responds Despite the...