Kazakhstan Business & Economy - The Times Of Central Asia

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EBRD Helps Improve Efficiency of Agricultural Production in Kazakhstan

The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) on December 29th said it is extending a US $10 million loan to Atameken-Agro, one of the largest vertically integrated agricultural holdings in Kazakhstan, thus contributing to greater efficiency of agricultural production in the Central Asian country. Atameken-Agro will use the funds to support the modernization, energy efficiency and environmental improvements of its agricultural machinery, including tractors, harvester-threshers and sprayers, the EBRD said. It is also expected that new agricultural machinery, procured with the help of the EBRD loan, will contribute to environmental improvements across Kazakhstan by increasing fuel efficiency and reducing air pollution. As part of the project, Atameken-Agro will also train workers in more advanced agricultural skills and thus contribute to the development of human capital in the sector. The loan is complemented with an investment under the Agrifood Nexus Program, funded by the Government of Germany through its International Climate Initiative. The Agrifood Nexus Program is part of a broader consortium program among the EBRD, the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) and the Scientific-Information Center of the Interstate Commission for Water Coordination of Central Asia (SIC ICWC), as well as ministries from participating countries. The consortium will address the challenges posed by the interdependence of energy, water and land use, which are exacerbated by climate change.

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Investing in the Future: Upgrading Kazakhstan’s Heating and Power Infrastructure

As nations around the globe grapple with the urgency of climate change and the need for sustainable development, one country that stands out is Kazakhstan. With its vast natural resources and strategic location, Kazakhstan has the potential to become a leader in renewable energy and sustainable infrastructure. However, upgrading Kazakhstan's heating and power infrastructure is a significant undertaking that requires substantial time and financial investment. The Challenge Kazakhstan is no stranger to the harsh realities of tough winters. With temperatures often dropping below -30 degrees Celsius and even reaching lows of -52 degrees Celsius in some northern regions, the capacity and resilience of the country's heating infrastructure is tested annually. In a country where winter can last up to six months, maintaining a reliable heating supply isn't just a matter of comfort—it's a matter of survival. However, the extreme weather conditions put a considerable strain on Kazakhstan's heating infrastructure and lead to several challenges. Many of Kazakhstan's heating systems, built during the Soviet era, are showing their age and inefficiency, necessitating an expensive overhaul. These outdated systems often break down, leading to extended periods without heat in the coldest months. A striking example was the 2022 incident in Ekibastuz, a city known for its harsh winters, where residents endured nearly three months without heat due to a power plant failure, which subsequently sparked a government-led corruption investigation. Compounding these issues, Kazakhstan's heating sector heavily relies on fossil fuels, primarily coal. This reliance not only exacerbates environmental pollution but also leads to energy inefficiency. Due to poor insulation in buildings and obsolete heating systems, much of the produced heat is lost, demanding more energy and resources to maintain warmth in homes and businesses. The cost of heating is a significant expense for many Kazakh households, particularly those in rural areas where incomes are lower. The government provides subsidies to help offset these costs, but with energy prices rising globally, this is becoming an increasingly heavy burden on the national budget. The financial aspect of such upgrades is undoubtedly substantial. One source estimates that upgrading transmission and distribution infrastructure alone for all of Central Asia could cost between $25 billion to $49 billion. Additionally, infrastructure projects of this magnitude can take several years to over a decade to implement. For instance, Denmark began its transition to district heating systems and combined heat and power plants in the 1970s, and is still implementing improvements today. Similarly, Germany started its Energiewende (energy transition) initiative in 2000, with goals set for 2050. What Steps Have Been Taken? Efforts are made to upgrade aging systems, improve energy efficiency, and transition to more sustainable sources of energy. In 2023, Kazakhstan significantly upgraded its energy infrastructure, as reported by the Astana Times. The launch of the second Beineu-Zhanaozen gas pipeline and a new distribution pipeline in Mangystau Region improved gas supply, while the completion of the Makat-North Caucasus pipeline met regional demands. The western zone's energy network was fortified with five new power transmission lines. Renewable energy saw...

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Charting the Digital Future: Tokayev’s Billion-Dollar Vision

Kazakhstan, a nation rich in natural resources, is charting an ambitious course towards becoming a powerhouse in the Information Technology (IT) sector. The country's President, Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, has recently announced plans to significantly increase investments in IT services, aiming to reach a staggering $1 billion by 2026. This strategic move underscores Kazakhstan's commitment to leveraging technology as a key driver of economic growth and forms part of a broader strategy to diversify its economy away from traditional industries like oil and gas. Investing in Digital Future In a further push towards digitization and diversification, President Tokayev has announced an investment package worth $20 billion until 2025. This extensive funding is aimed at enhancing the diversification of the economy, with a significant portion allocated towards advancements in the IT sector. To this end, a National Digital Investment Platform has been launched in Kazakhstan. This joint initiative between Kazakhstan, the Eurasian Development Bank, and National Information Technologies JSC2 aims to bolster the digital infrastructure and create a conducive environment for tech innovation and development. Collaboration with Global Tech Giants Recognizing the potential of Kazakhstan as a burgeoning hub for digital innovation, several global tech giants have committed to investing in the country in 2023. Microsoft is working to position Kazakhstan as a center for digital innovation, while Amazon Web Services has entered into a collaboration to further integrate Kazakhstan's QazTech platform. These partnerships are expected to bring valuable expertise and technological resources to Kazakhstan's IT sector. Furthermore, Elon Musk's SpaceX company and its satellite-based internet service, Starlink, have undertaken significant investments in Kazakhstan. With total project investments estimated at around $10 billion, this collaboration represents a significant boost to Kazakhstan's burgeoning IT sector. General Electric, a multinational conglomerate, is also playing a role in Kazakhstan's digital transformation, with plans to localize the production of medical equipment in the country. Encouraging Domestic Investments In addition to attracting foreign investments, President Tokayev has called for Kazakh elites to invest domestically, arguing that such investment serves national interests. Kazakhstan's active role within the United Nations General Assembly has been highlighted by President Tokayev. USAID Administrator Samantha Power announced additional investments in Central Asia at the C5+1 Regional Connectivity Ministerial held in Uzbekistan. While not explicitly stated, some of these investments might be directed towards IT-related projects in Kazakhstan. All these initiatives underscore Kazakhstan's ambitious vision for its IT sector, demonstrating the country's commitment to leveraging technology as a key driver of economic growth. As Kazakhstan continues to attract both domestic and international investments, it is set to emerge as a significant player in the global IT landscape.

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Kazakhstan’s GDP Poised for a 36.8% Boost by 2028

Kazakhstan, the largest landlocked country in the world, has emerged as a regional economic powerhouse in Central Asia, according to the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) World Economic Outlook. The report anticipates that by 2028, Kazakhstan's GDP will surge to $354.7 billion, marking an impressive growth of 36.8%, or a rise of $95.4 billion, compared to its position in 2023. This projection underscores the resilient performance of Kazakhstan's economy, which has been steadily improving over the years. As of 2023, the country's real GDP growth was reported at an annual rate of 4.6%, with total GDP standing at $259.29 billion. Moreover, despite global economic challenges, Kazakhstan's economy grew by 5.1% in the first half of 2023, bolstered by robust exports and fiscal stimulus. However, the IMF cautions that the economic growth is expected to moderate to 3.1 percent in 2024 due to an uncertain economic environment. Despite this prediction, the resilience showcased by Kazakhstan's economy in the face of global disruptions suggests a strong capacity to navigate through potential economic hurdles. The country's economic success can be attributed to several factors. Primarily, Kazakhstan has effectively utilized its abundant natural resources, including significant oil reserves, to fuel its economic growth. Furthermore, the government's commitment to implementing progressive economic policies and fostering a conducive environment for foreign investment has also significantly contributed to the country's robust GDP growth. On December 4, President Tokayev signed a decree with measures to attract investment into Kazakhstan’s economy and accelerate economic growth. Tokayev’s agenda of creating a “Just and Fair” state has involved tackling corruption and stabilizing the country through sweeping democratic reforms. Looking ahead, the predicted growth of Kazakhstan's GDP to $354.7 billion by 2028 presents an optimistic outlook for the nation and the region. This projection underlines the potential of Kazakhstan's economy and reaffirms its role as a key player in the economic landscape of Central Asia and the Commonwealth of Independent States. While the journey towards this ambitious goal will undoubtedly present challenges, the progress made by Kazakhstan thus far provides a solid foundation for continued economic growth and prosperity.

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Kazakhstan Remains Regional Leader in Attracting Foreign Investment, Says PM

Despite the current global challenges, Kazakhstan remains attractive to foreign investors and is the leader in gross inflow of foreign direct investment in the Central Asian region. Last year, FDI in Kazakhstan grew by 18% and reached $28 billion - a record high for Kazakhstan over the past decade, Prime Minister Alikhan Smailov said in an interview with the 24KZ TV channel. In his words, $13.3 billion was attracted into the country’s economy in the first half of this year, and about $27 billion is expected by the end of the year. Smailov said this was largely possible thanks to the diplomacy of Kazakhstan's President Tokayev, who, in the face of complex geopolitical tensions, is consistently strengthening relations with a wide range of influential players including China, Europe, Russia, the U.S., Turkey, and the Arab world. The Prime Minister also spoke about measures the Government will take to double economic growth in the medium term. “The Government has been given a big task to double the national economy by 2029. In this regard, we will continue to work to stimulate economic activity in the country. We will further reduce inflation and ensure macroeconomic stability,” Smailov said. The Government also has designs on further improving the investment climate. “Every year, we plan to attract at least $25 billion of foreign direct investment. In the future, a nationwide pool of investment projects will be implemented. Thanks to this, more than 160,000 new jobs will be created,” said the Prime Minister. “All this will allow us to ensure economic growth in the medium term at a level of at least 6%. In general, the order of the Head of State to increase the volume of the national economy to $450 billion will be fulfilled,” Smailov concluded.

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Kazakhstan and CNPC to Expand Cooperation

The partnership between Kazakhstan and the China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) is set to broaden, with plans to implement joint projects in the oil and gas industry. This information was shared during a meeting held via videoconference on December 28th between Kazakhstan's First Deputy Prime Minister, Roman Sklyar, and CNPC President, Hou Qijun. Sklyar highlighted the CNPC as a long-standing strategic and investment partner of Kazakhstan. In response, Qijun expressed the corporation's commitment to expanding its cooperation with Kazakhstan, driven by the agreements made by the leaders of both countries. As part of this renewed alliance, the Kazakh Government is actively working on specific projects within the Framework Agreement on expanding strategic cooperation in the energy sector. This agreement was signed during the state visit of the President of Kazakhstan, Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, to China earlier this year. Current projects under discussion include expanding the production capacity of the Shymkent Refinery in south Kazakhstan, constructing the second line of the Beineu-Bozoy-Shymkent gas pipeline, and conducting joint geological exploration in Kazakhstan.