Kyrgyzstan Business & Economy - The Times Of Central Asia

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Energy Security

Central Asia’s Fuel Squeeze Becomes a Winter Energy Security Problem

Central Asia’s fuel squeeze is moving from filling stations into winter planning. Governments are now tracking gasoline and diesel, gas pipelines, coal deliveries, power imports, jet fuel, and emergency repair crews. Seasonal fuel and power stress is familiar across the region, but the current pressure - tied to Russia, the main supplier for several regional fuel flows - has arrived early. Russia’s own fuel crisis has sharpened the risk. Ukrainian drone attacks and repair work have cut refinery output, while export limits have pushed more Russian supplies back into the domestic market. Reuters reported queues, regional restrictions, and gasoline above 100 roubles a liter at some independent stations. President Vladimir Putin acknowledged the strain on June 28. “You are well aware that problems for drivers and for businesses persist,” he said, adding that “the harvest depends on” keeping seasonal fuel schedules for farms. For Central Asia, Russian shortages travel through contracts, rail slots, import prices, and public nerves. Kyrgyzstan is among the most exposed. The country consumes about two million tons of fuels and lubricants each year, and almost 95% comes from Russia, according to Deputy Energy Minister Nasipbek Kerimov. “Due to the lack of adequate oil and gas production, we remain a country dependent on imports,” Kerimov said. Bishkek has asked Russia, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan for help securing supplies. That dependence is now impacting households, farmers, and small transport firms. The cabinet has capped pump prices and set a subsidy mechanism through September 30. Kerimov said importers were seeing offers at several prices, but promised that “there should be no shortage on the domestic market.” Oil traders put AI-92 stocks at 30 to 45 days, while diesel remained available for harvest work. Kyrgyzstan is trying to buy time through domestic refining. The modernized Junda refinery in the Chuy Region has been pressed to raise gasoline output to 24,000 tons a month soon, then 50,000 tons a month by the end of 2026, with finished products directed to the domestic market. Those gains would help, but Russian supply still sets the pace. Uzbekistan has the Bukhara and Fergana oil refineries, the Altyaryk unit of the Fergana refinery, and the Uzbekistan GTL complex, but demand has still moved faster than domestic supply. In January-April 2026, gasoline imports reached 568,700 tons, worth $327.1 million, more than double the same period in 2025. Local refineries produced 417,500 tons over those four months. A shift away from AI-80 gasoline has also pushed drivers toward AI-92 and AI-95. The pressure reached the exchange in late June. AI-92 gasoline climbed to a record 13.919 million soums per ton on June 29, about $1,160, after an 11.8% rise since the start of the month. Jet fuel has become an issue, too. Uzbekistan Airways reduced some Russia flight frequencies in June, citing aviation fuel shortages and higher costs. Tashkent is now preparing for winter in concrete volumes. On July 6, President Shavkat Mirziyoyev reviewed measures for the 2026-2027 autumn-winter season. The plan includes replacing 53.7...

New Air Route

Direct Flights Between Tashkent and Lake Issyk-Kul Launched

Kyrgyzstan’s state-owned Asman Airlines will launch a seasonal direct service between Tashkent and Lake Issyk-Kul on July 8, expanding transport links between Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan during the peak summer tourism season. The route is being introduced in partnership with Uzbek tour operator Malva Tour and is intended to make travel to Kyrgyzstan’s largest resort area more convenient for visitors from Uzbekistan. Flights will operate once a week, every Wednesday, arriving at Issyk-Kul International Airport in the village of Tamchy on the lake’s northern shore. The journey will take approximately one hour and 20 minutes. Round-trip fares start at $160, according to Asman Airlines. Lake Issyk-Kul, one of Central Asia’s most popular summer destinations, attracts visitors from across the region with its mountain scenery, beaches, and resort infrastructure. The new route is expected to strengthen tourism ties between the neighboring countries by reducing travel time and improving direct access to the lake. Uzbekistan remains Kyrgyzstan’s largest source of international visitors, accounting for more than 40% of all inbound foreign tourists each year. Visa-free travel, close geographic proximity, and relatively affordable holiday costs have made Kyrgyzstan a popular destination for Uzbek travelers. The launch of the new route reflects broader efforts by Central Asian countries to improve regional connectivity and capitalize on growing cross-border tourism as travel demand continues to recover.

Tamchy Special Financial Investment Territory

Kyrgyzstan Launches Tamchy Financial Zone to Attract Foreign Capital

Kyrgyzstan officially inaugurated the Tamchy Special Financial Investment Territory (SFIT) on July 3 on the northern shore of Lake Issyk-Kul, marking the launch of a new investment zone designed to attract foreign capital and position the country as a regional financial and business hub. Located near the village of Tamchy and close to Issyk-Kul International Airport, the SFIT operates under a separate legal framework aimed at attracting domestic and international investment, improving Kyrgyzstan's investment climate, and supporting growth in manufacturing, tourism, wellness services, and transport infrastructure. The zone also features an independent international dispute resolution center operating under English common law. The Tamchy SFIT covers approximately 6,000 hectares. Companies registered within the zone will operate under English common law, benefit from a zero-tax regime for 49 years, and be allowed to repatriate 100% of their profits. Speaking at the opening ceremony, President Sadyr Japarov expressed confidence that the Tamchy SFIT would become a regional and global investment platform. "According to forecasts, the project will gradually gain momentum, and by 2035, more than 3,900 resident companies are expected to operate in this investment territory, creating over 10,000 new jobs," the president said. Japarov also pointed to the project’s economic impact. "When companies enter the financial investment territory, they bring new orders for builders, suppliers, transport companies, hotels, restaurants, service organizations, farmers, and entrepreneurs. Thus, this project provides jobs for our people, new opportunities for businesses, and new sources of economic growth for the state," he said. The president said the zone’s legal and regulatory framework draws on the experience of several leading international financial centers. He named Dubai and Singapore, and also cited Luxembourg. "We've adopted proven models from these countries' experience and sought to combine them with the national advantages of the Kyrgyz Republic, the unique location of Lake Issyk-Kul, and our human potential," Japarov said. A central feature of the new investment zone is its independent International Center for Dispute Resolution operating under English law. "This important step will significantly enhance trust in the project and make the SFIT's legal framework one of its key competitive advantages," the president said. Japarov also stressed that economic development in the zone would not come at the expense of the environment. "The development of the Tamchy special territory will be carried out with full consideration of the lake's conservation requirements and its unique natural environment. Issyk-Kul is a natural gem, our national treasure, and a symbol of the country. Whatever projects are implemented in the Tamchy special territory, they will be carried out only in compliance with environmental requirements and under strict oversight," he said. During the ceremony, the president presented certificates to the first five resident companies representing the UAE, Hong Kong, Switzerland, Kazakhstan, and South Korea. The organizers also announced registration fees and licensing costs for companies operating in the zone. Company registration within SFIT will cost a minimum of $525, while registration of investment funds starts at $975. According to the organizers, businesses operating within SFIT will be able to...

Fuel Supply

Kyrgyzstan Looks Beyond Russia as Fuel Squeeze Hits Central Asia

Kyrgyzstan has asked Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan to help secure its fuel supplies as shortages inside Russia put new strain on Central Asia's fuel market. The move follows reduced Russian refining capacity after Ukrainian drone strikes on oil refineries, seasonal demand, and tighter export controls. “Due to the lack of adequate oil and gas production, we remain a country dependent on imports,” Deputy Energy Minister Nasipbek Kerimov told Birinchi Radio. “Kyrgyzstan annually consumes approximately 2 million tons of various types of fuel and lubricants, and almost 95% of this volume comes from Russia.” The dependence rests on long-standing trade terms; Russia supplies oil products to Kyrgyzstan duty-free under annual indicative balances within the Eurasian Economic Union. Russian Deputy Prime Minister Alexey Overchuk said in October 2025 that balances for 2026 had already been signed. The system has helped hold down prices, but it also leaves the market exposed when Russian refineries or export rules change. Kyrgyz officials have tried to calm consumers. The Energy Ministry said fuel reserves were sufficient, supplies were moving under existing contracts, and that “official requests have been sent” to relevant governments to support stable supplies. Local officials also pressed Kyrgyzneftegaz and the Junda refinery to increase domestic production and deliveries. The pressure is not equal across all fuel types. AI-95 and AI-98 gasoline have disappeared from some filling stations, while AI-92 reserves remain stronger. Oil Traders Association head Kanatbek Eshatov told Kaktus.media that AI-92 stocks would last 30 to 45 days, depending on the company. He said the AI-95 problem could be solved “in a couple of weeks, if refineries recover after the shelling.” Diesel remains available, and farmers had stocked up before harvest work began, he added. As of July 6, AI-95 remained unavailable at some Bishkek filling stations. Bishkek has also moved on prices, with the Cabinet introducing temporary price regulation under Resolution No. 369 of May 25, 2026. The system subsidizes importers and sellers until September 30 by compensating the gap between market prices and fixed benchmark import prices. In Bishkek, capped pump prices are 79.9 soms per liter for AI-92 gasoline, 88.9 soms for AI-95 and 93.9 soms for diesel, equal to about $3.46, $3.85 and $4.06 per U.S. gallon. The state is using subsidies to prevent a sharper jump at the pump. Kerimov said prices would stay unchanged while talks continued with suppliers. “We are currently offered fuel at various prices,” he said, and even if purchase prices rise, “there should be no shortage on the domestic market.” President Vladimir Putin acknowledged on June 28 that fuel shortages inside Russia had created queues at filling stations. “Problems for drivers and for businesses persist,” he said, adding that “the harvest depends on” keeping seasonal fuel schedules for farms. Russian officials said gasoline reserves stood at 1.7 million metric tons, but Moscow was considering a complete ban on diesel exports. Russia had already imposed temporary restrictions on gasoline exports, with exemptions for some intergovernmental arrangements. Reuters reported on June...

Chinese Loan Agreement

Kyrgyzstan’s Eldik Bank Secures CNY 1 Billion Loan from China Development Bank

Kyrgyzstan’s state-owned Eldik Bank has signed a loan agreement worth 1 billion Chinese yuan (CNY), or about $147 million, with China Development Bank to finance priority projects and deepen economic cooperation between Bishkek and Beijing. The agreement was signed on July 2 by Eldik Bank Chairman Ulanbek Nogaev and China Development Bank President Tan Jiong. According to Eldik Bank, the funds will be used to finance small and medium-sized enterprises in infrastructure, green energy, industry, agriculture, and other priority sectors. The bank said the facility would give entrepreneurs in Kyrgyzstan access to long-term capital to modernize production and carry out investment projects that create jobs. The two sides also plan to sign an additional agreement allocating CNY 700 million to Eldik Bank’s subsidiaries, Eldik Leasing and Sky Mobile, which will oversee projects under the financing framework. Eldik Bank said the agreement reflected trust between the two financial institutions and a shared interest in expanding financial and investment ties. “Our partnership with China Development Bank has been developing successfully for more than 20 years and has made a significant contribution to supporting Kyrgyzstan’s economy,” Nogaev said. “This new agreement creates additional opportunities for financing priority projects and will further strengthen the economic ties between Kyrgyzstan and China.” The signing took place during the 22nd meeting of the council of the Interbank Consortium of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in Cholpon-Ata, Kyrgyzstan, where Eldik Bank currently holds the rotating chairmanship. Delegations from member banks in Belarus, China, India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan attended the meeting. Participants discussed expanding interbank cooperation, joint investment projects, and sustainable finance initiatives within the SCO framework. China remains one of Kyrgyzstan’s largest external creditors. In late June, Kyrgyzstan’s parliament approved a separate preferential loan agreement with the Export-Import Bank of China to finance part of the country’s share in the construction of the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway, one of Central Asia’s largest transport infrastructure projects. As of January 31, 2026, Kyrgyzstan’s debt to China’s Export-Import Bank stood at approximately $1.5 billion.

Investor Perception

Foreign Investors Remain Interested in Central Asia Despite Volatility, Survey Finds

International investors continue to view Central Asia and the Caucasus as attractive destinations despite heightened geopolitical tensions and market volatility, according to the third annual Investor Perception Report released by Montfort Eurasia. The survey, conducted among institutional investors in the United Kingdom and the United States, found that interest in the region remains high. Overall, 66.3% of respondents reported either strong or moderate interest in investing in Central Asia and the Caucasus, suggesting that the region is increasingly being considered as part of broader emerging-market strategies rather than as a niche destination. Among UK investors, 67.1% expressed strong or moderate interest, while the figure stood at 65.5% in the U.S. Around one-third of respondents in both countries reported very strong interest in the region, with 32.8% in the UK and 34.6% in the U.S. Recent U.S. commercial engagement in Central Asia has also moved from dialogue toward specific deals. The Montfort Eurasia report suggests that investor attitudes have shifted over the past three years. While early interest was driven largely by curiosity, investors are now approaching the region with more detailed financial analysis and due diligence. “Two years ago, the challenge for Central Asia and the Caucasus was getting noticed. Today it is being understood,” said Eleanor Kramers, managing director of Montfort Eurasia. “Investors have arrived and they have arrived as analysts, reaching for financial data and due diligence ahead of headlines. The region has answered their early interest with proof rather than promise, from international listings to sovereign-rating upgrades. The opportunity now is to meet a more serious, more demanding audience with the depth and consistency of information it expects.” One of the clearest signs of that shift is where investors obtain information. Financial analysis has overtaken international news media as the leading source of intelligence about the region, cited by 68.6% of UK respondents and 56.6% of U.S. respondents. According to the report, investors are increasingly evaluating the region through company performance, financial statements, and sector data rather than through media coverage alone. Although interest remains high, the report found that investors’ knowledge of the region has stopped improving. Respondents rated their understanding at 6.63 out of 10 in the UK and 6.79 out of 10 in the U.S., slightly below last year’s peak. Factual awareness also weakened. Only 29% of UK investors correctly estimated trade volumes between the UK and the region, compared with 39% a year earlier, while roughly one-quarter of respondents in both countries could not identify the region’s most business-friendly country. Political and economic risks also remain key considerations. Investment security ranked as investors’ biggest concern, cited by 72.3% of UK respondents and 64.7% of U.S. respondents. Political stability followed closely behind, with 56.2% of UK investors and 52.9% of U.S. investors identifying it as a major factor. Among British respondents, improved political stability was the most frequently cited condition for increasing investment in the region.