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Uzbekistan Joins ILO Convention on Equal Opportunities for Working Family Members

Uzbekistan has ratified the International Labor Organization (ILO) Convention No. 156, ensuring equal opportunities and rights for male and female workers with family responsibilities, Gazeta.uz reports.

The country’s president Shavkat Mirziyoyev signed a law ratifying this convention, which guarantees equal treatment and opportunities for all workers, regardless of their family obligations.

The main objective of ILO Convention No. 156 is to create conditions under which working men and women with family responsibilities can perform paid work without facing discrimination while successfully combining professional and familial obligations.

The Senate of the Oliy Majlis of Uzbekistan, the upper house of parliament, when considering the law on ratification, emphasized that all the requirements of the Convention have already been fully implemented in the country’s national legislation.

To date, 45 out of 187 ILO member states, including Norway, Sweden, Spain, France, Japan, South Korea, Azerbaijan, and Kazakhstan, have ratified the Convention.

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Times of Central Asia

Askar Alimzhanov graduated from the journalism department of the Kazakh State University named after S. Kirov, then worked as a correspondent for the daily republican newspaper Leninskaya Smen. He then moved to the United States to be a reporter for the daily newspaper "Cape Cod Times" in Hayanis, Massachusetts, (USA) under the journalist exchange program between the Union of Journalists of the USSR and the New England Society of News Editors. Since then, he has helped build transparency and understanding of Central Asia region in various executive level positions at esteemed media organizations including "Akbar"(Alma-Ata) international center for journalism, the Khabar News agency, the Television and Radio Corporation "Kazakhstan" JSC, and MIR- Kazakhstan.

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Alternative Transport Routes in Kazakhstan: Potential and Current Opportunities

Kazakhstan’s President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev has ordered alternative transportation and shipping routes to be drawn up and supply routes to be diversified. Amid ongoing geopolitical shifts, routes passing through Kazakhstan’s territory are already seeing relatively high freight flows. Still, to develop them, further measures are needed to enhance international logistics cooperation and increase efficiency along the entire length of the transport corridors.

The country’s deputy minister for transport Maksat Kaliakparov kindly agreed to answer some questions from The Times of Central Asia.

TCA:  Not so long ago, Kazakhstan Temir Zholy (KTZ) announced the launch of a project to create a digital corridor as part of the Trans-Caspian International Transport Route (TITR) with the company Global DTC Pte Ltd. What countries are to be integrated into this project? Can a similar digital trade corridor be considered for the International North-South Transport Corridor (INSTC)?

MK: As you know, on August 16, 2022, KZT and the Singaporean company PSA concluded a memorandum according to which one of the identified areas for cooperation is developing a digital trading corridor (DTC).

Towards this, a multimodal DTC has been developed. Using this platform, three container trains were sent on the route from Xi’an (China) to Absheron (Azerbaijan) as a test run. Integration with the railway systems of Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan has been carried out. Currently, the process of integration with Georgian systems is underway.

Overall, the DTC platform allows for: entering into online contracts with freight forwarding companies; seeing and receiving transportation tariffs from logistics companies; tracking the location of containers along all routes; getting customs status based on transit declarations when crossing borders along the route, etc.

This year, it is also planning to launch the commercial operation of a container tracking service in Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, and Georgia, and it is also planning to be integrated with a Chinese logistics operator.

In addition, the Tez Customs platform has been developed. It is part of DTC, created to automate the customs clearance process of railway transit freight on the route China-Kazakhstan-Central Asia/Europe. Tez Customs allows for: automating the process of customs transit clearance at the Kazakhstan-China border; reducing the time of customs procedures (from 4-8 hours to 30 minutes); tracking the status of transit declarations and freight until final departure from the territory of Kazakhstan.

Meanwhile, a similar DTC for the INSTC is being considered within the cooperation framework with the UAE company Abu Dhabi Ports.

TCA: As part of the development of the INSTC, the railway administrations of Kazakhstan, Russia, and Turkmenistan are planning to create a joint venture (JV). Tell us about the plans for how it is to be formed. How will shares in the JV be allocated between the countries?

MK: Yes, indeed, for the further development of the eastern branch of the INSTC, the participating countries are working to create an equal-term JV between KTZ Express, Russian Railways Logistics, and the Transport and Logistics Center of Turkmenistan.

Today, the railway administrations of Russia, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, and Iran are creating a favorable tariff environment for the INSTC. In addition, note that significant discounts on transit freight were already established on the territory of Kazakhstan starting on January 1, 2024.

Overall, to deepen transit and transportation cooperation, we welcome the interest of the Russian and Iranian sides in expanding the potential of the INSTC. For example, in May of this year, during the KazanForum: Russia-Islamic World International Economic Forum, a memorandum of understanding was signed between the Kazakhstani Ministry of Industry and Infrastructure Development and the Russian Ministry of Transport that provides for the deepening of cooperation regarding the INSTC.

We consider it important for Russia to actively participate in developing this unique transport artery with more intensive use of the Kazakhstan-Turkmenistan-Iran rail section.

Also, in 2022, a roadmap was drawn up for the synchronized development in 2024-25 of the potential of the eastern part of the INSTC, passing through Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkmenistan, and Iran territories. The document provides solutions to organizational issues, logistics services, and developing a unified tariff policy.

TCA: What can you say about the implementation of road infrastructure projects? How is the project for constructing a highway in the direction of the Temir Baba border crossing progressing within the context of Turkmenistan’s stated plans to build a new highway to the border with Kazakhstan?

MK: The realization of the project for the reconstruction of the republican-status highway Zhanaozen-Kendirli-Turkmenistan border to the Temir Baba vehicle checkpoint in Mangystau Region with a length of 165 km is planned for 2027-29. A loan from the Islamic Development Bank or the Development Bank of Kazakhstan will be raised to realize the project.

TCA: Today, large-scale work is being carried out in Kazakhstan to improve the rail, maritime, and road infrastructure. What work is being done in air and road transportation as part of the development of the INSTC and TITR?

MK: It should be noted here that work to expand the geography of flights from Kazakhstan, including the opening and resumption of direct flights from Kazakhstani cities to foreign countries, is constantly being done.

Today, international flights are operated to 28 countries (Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, Germany, Georgia, Egypt, India, Iran, Italy, the UK, the Netherlands, Qatar, China, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, the UAE, Poland, Russia, Tajikistan, Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, Turkey, Uzbekistan, South Korea, Saudi Arabia and the Czech Republic) on 106 routes with a frequency of 574 flights per week.

In addition, Kazakhstan has had an open skies policy since 2022, under which foreign airlines are not restricted from operating flights to our country.

This year, regular flights from Kazakhstan have been opened and resumed to Mumbai, Beijing, Mineralnye Vody, Kuala Lumpur, Dushanbe, Prague, St Petersburg, Batumi, Sochi and Seoul.

As for international road transportation, e-permit forms have been introduced to develop transport corridors. This should eliminate the cost of producing [the forms] and sending them to a counterparty, simplify their distribution process, and, most importantly, facilitate the direct use of the permit forms by road freight carriers.

TCA: Tell us about developing alternative transport corridors for inland waterways in Kazakhstan. In particular, along the Ural River, taking into account the rising water level in the region and plans to resume shipping. Also, a new transport route connecting Russia and China is planned along the Irtysh River.

MK: The development of the multimodal transit corridor Russia-Kazakhstan-China using the transboundary Irtysh River is planned to be realized before 2026. For this purpose, it is planned to implement projects for the construction of an additional navigable hydraulic structure on the Pavlodar-Semey section, the Tugyl port in the East Kazakhstan Region, and the Tugyl-Maikapchagai railway, as well as for the opening of a fourth Maykapchagai-Zimunai rail checkpoint.

The investment size [needed for the] projects will be determined once the project documentation is developed and a potential investor is identified. Overall, the realization of this multimodal transit corridor is expected to increase freight volumes to 3.6 million tons a year.

We are also working on developing the Atyrau-Baku, and the Atyrau-Astrakhan routes through the Zhaiyk-Caspian Canal. The canal will be dredging in 2024-25 when navigation is open to realize these routes. The planned volume of freight is estimated at 2 million tons a year.

 

Dauren Moldakhmetov is the Editor-in-Chief of Kazakhstan’s industry transportation publications: the railway magazine “Trans-Express Kazakhstan” and the business magazine “Trans Logistics Kazakhstan.”

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Times of Central Asia

Askar Alimzhanov graduated from the journalism department of the Kazakh State University named after S. Kirov, then worked as a correspondent for the daily republican newspaper Leninskaya Smen. He then moved to the United States to be a reporter for the daily newspaper "Cape Cod Times" in Hayanis, Massachusetts, (USA) under the journalist exchange program between the Union of Journalists of the USSR and the New England Society of News Editors. Since then, he has helped build transparency and understanding of Central Asia region in various executive level positions at esteemed media organizations including "Akbar"(Alma-Ata) international center for journalism, the Khabar News agency, the Television and Radio Corporation "Kazakhstan" JSC, and MIR- Kazakhstan.

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World Bank Awards Uzbekistan $7.5 Million in Carbon Credits for Emissions Reduction

On 21 June, it was announced that the Uzbekistan is the first country in the world to receive payment from the World Bank for reducing carbon emissions through a policy crediting program.

The pioneering project known as the Innovative Carbon Resource Application for Energy Transition (iCRAFT) was designed to support Uzbekistan in implementing energy efficiency measures, phasing out energy subsidies, and transitioning to cleaner energy sources.

Under the iCraft project, the World Bank awarded Uzbekistan a $7.5 million grant for cutting 500,000 tons of carbon emissions.

Congratulating the country on this significant achievement, Marco Mantovanelli, the World Bank Country Manager for Uzbekistan, said: “This initiative is the world’s first to leverage climate finance in support of policy reform. The iCRAFT project aims to transition from individual transactions to program-level carbon trade interventions. We are eager to see how this pilot can set a precedent for reforms in other sectors in Uzbekistan and for other countries to follow its example.”

Jamshid Kuchkarov,  Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Economy and Finance of Uzbekistan, highlighted the significance of this climate finance transaction: “The first payment transferred under the iCRAFT Project marks a key step for Uzbekistan towards reducing energy subsidies and achieving cost recovery in the energy sector. It also contributes to the government’s broader efforts for a green economy to foster economic growth and reduce poverty.”

The payment is the first of several anticipated payments under the Emissions Reduction Payment Agreement (ERPA) concluded between the government of Uzbekistan and the World Bank as part of the iCRAFT Project. Under the agreement, Uzbekistan could receive up to $20 million in grants for verified emission reductions or carbon credits generated through its energy subsidy reforms.

Uzbekistan aims to reduce 60 million tons of CO2, with iCRAFT set to purchase approximately 2.5 million tons of CO2. Using systems and processes established by iCraft, the country can sell the remaining carbon credits on international carbon markets.

 

Times of Central Asia

Times of Central Asia

Laura Hamilton MA, is the former Director of the Collins Gallery at the University of Strathclyde. She first visited Kyrgyzstan in 2011 to research and curate a major exhibition of contemporary textiles and fashion. Since 2012, she has worked as an editor on over thirty translations of Central Asian novels and collections of short stories. In more recent years, her work has focused on editing translations of Kyrgyzstan's great epics -'Ak Moor', Saiykal', Janysh Baiysh', 'Oljobai and Kishimjan', 'Dariyka', 'Semetey' and 'Er Toshtuk' for The Institute of Kyrgyz Language and Literature, and the Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University.

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Kazakhstan to Build the Largest Poultry Farm in CIS

On June 20, Chairman of the Management Board of Kazakh Invest, Yerzhan Yelekeyev, and Vice President of JSC Aitas KZ, Rabiga Tokseitova met to discuss the Kazakh company’s plans for the “Almaty Poultry Farm Zhetysu”.

As reported by Kazakh Invest, the project costing more than $600 million, will have the capacity to process 240,000 tons of poultry, including 100,000 tons of sausages and delicacies, for distribution to local and foreign markets.

To be constructed in the region of Almaty, from 2025-29, the enterprise will become the largest poultry farm in the CIS (the Commonwealth of Independent States, which unites post-Soviet republics) and provide 6,000 new jobs.

The Aitas holding company is a leading producer of poultry, covering around 43% of the local market. Its assets include Makinskaya, Central Asia’s largest poultry farm, and Kazakhstan’s oldest poultry farm Ust-Kamenogorsk, with a total capacity of 150,000 tons per year. It also owns Almaty Breeding Poultry Farm Nauryz Agro, which as the largest in the CIS, provides 80 million hatching eggs per year for broiler chickens.

 

Times of Central Asia

Times of Central Asia

Laura Hamilton MA, is the former Director of the Collins Gallery at the University of Strathclyde. She first visited Kyrgyzstan in 2011 to research and curate a major exhibition of contemporary textiles and fashion. Since 2012, she has worked as an editor on over thirty translations of Central Asian novels and collections of short stories. In more recent years, her work has focused on editing translations of Kyrgyzstan's great epics -'Ak Moor', Saiykal', Janysh Baiysh', 'Oljobai and Kishimjan', 'Dariyka', 'Semetey' and 'Er Toshtuk' for The Institute of Kyrgyz Language and Literature, and the Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University.

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Tajikistan’s Former Foreign Minister Hamrokhon Zarifi Detained in Dushanbe

Several informed sources have confirmed that Tajikistan’s former foreign minister Hamrokhon Zarifi had been detained in Dushanbe.

It is reported that law enforcement agencies detained Zarifi on June 12th. Until June 16th he was held in Dushanbe’s temporary Ministry of Internal Affairs detention center. Still, the source has no information about where he was transferred for further detention. There were also reports that he was released after interrogation.

A source in Tajikistan’s law enforcement agencies said that “the detention and interrogation are related to an economic crime that was committed during the construction of the Foreign Ministry building during Zarifi’s time as head of the ministry.”

Hamrokhon Zarifi was arrested on the same day as Saidjafar Usmonzoda, a member of the Tajik parliament who was detained on charges of “attempting to seize state power.”

The Tajik opposition links Zarifi’s detention to the Usmonzoda case. The authorities have not commented.

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Times of Central Asia

Askar Alimzhanov graduated from the journalism department of the Kazakh State University named after S. Kirov, then worked as a correspondent for the daily republican newspaper Leninskaya Smen. He then moved to the United States to be a reporter for the daily newspaper "Cape Cod Times" in Hayanis, Massachusetts, (USA) under the journalist exchange program between the Union of Journalists of the USSR and the New England Society of News Editors. Since then, he has helped build transparency and understanding of Central Asia region in various executive level positions at esteemed media organizations including "Akbar"(Alma-Ata) international center for journalism, the Khabar News agency, the Television and Radio Corporation "Kazakhstan" JSC, and MIR- Kazakhstan.

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photo: Air Astana

Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production in Kazakhstan

On June 20, Chairman of the Board of Kazakhstan’s national oil and gas company KazMunayGas (KMG) Askhat Khasenov attended a meeting with the management of the American company LanzaJet and the Japanese investment company Mitsui to discuss the production of SAF (Sustainable Aviation Fuel) in Kazakhstan.

SAF is an environmentally-friendly version of Jet-1 fuel that reduces carbon emissions by 80%.

According to KMG, a preliminary feasibility study for the possible construction of a SAF production facility in Kazakhstan has already been completed by KMG and Air Astana with financial assistance from the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). The next stage is developing a feasibility study for the actual implementation of the project.

Air Astana is currently exploring the use of SAF by its air fleet. Regarding the concept of low-carbon development, the share of SAF consumption by the airline company will gradually increase to 5% by 2040, 15% by 2050, and 25% by 2060.

Three large oil refineries owned by KazMunayGas are ready to produce Jet A-1 aviation fuel, which could be mixed with SAF in the future.

LanzaJet recently opened LanzaJet Freedom Pines Fuels in the US, the world’s first SAF production facility, with plans to produce 1 billion gallons of SAF by 2030.

 

Times of Central Asia

Times of Central Asia

Laura Hamilton MA, is the former Director of the Collins Gallery at the University of Strathclyde. She first visited Kyrgyzstan in 2011 to research and curate a major exhibition of contemporary textiles and fashion. Since 2012, she has worked as an editor on over thirty translations of Central Asian novels and collections of short stories. In more recent years, her work has focused on editing translations of Kyrgyzstan's great epics -'Ak Moor', Saiykal', Janysh Baiysh', 'Oljobai and Kishimjan', 'Dariyka', 'Semetey' and 'Er Toshtuk' for The Institute of Kyrgyz Language and Literature, and the Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University.

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