Page 452 – The Times Of Central Asia

16 Dec 2024

Central Asia, Life & Culture, Kazakhstan Life & Culture

New Train Connects Astana and Borovoye Resort in Kazakhstan

December 16, 2024
By Sergey Kwan

Kazakhstan’s national railways company, Kazakhstan Temir Zholy (KTZ), has announced the launch of a new electric train connecting the capital, Astana, and Borovoye, one of the country’s most popular year-round resorts.

Borovoye is the widespread and commonly used Russian name of the Burabay National Park, located just 250 kilometers north of Astana.

The new train will take passengers from Astana to Borovoye in just 2 hours and 26 minutes, without any stops.

The train, consisting of six modern domestically manufactured carriages for a total of 574 passengers, will run five days a week. It is equipped with USB sockets, Wi-Fi, and bicycle racks. For passengers with disabilities, it has lifts and places for wheelchairs.

Nurtas Karipbayev, Chairman of the Tourism Industry Committee at Kazakhstan’s Ministry of Tourism and Sports, commented: “The launch of a new tourist train is an important step in the development of domestic tourism and the creation of new opportunities for travel in Kazakhstan. We are confident that this train will become a favorite way for residents and guests of our country to get to one of its most beautiful resorts”.

According to the Ministry of Tourism and Sports, over the first nine months of 2024, the number of domestic tourists traveling inside Kazakhstan increased by 562,000 and reached 6 million. The number of foreign visitors was 11.5 million, almost twice as much as in the same period in 2023.

13 Dec 2024

Central Asia, Uzbekistan, Uzbekistan Life & Culture

Uzbek Boxer Asadullaev Wins Title, Then Disqualified for Biting

December 13, 2024
By Times of Central Asia

The Asian Boxing Confederation has stripped Uzbek boxer Khavasbek Asadullaev of his winner’s title at the ASBC Asian Elite Boxing Championships, ruling that he bit his Kazakh opponent during the light middleweight (71kg) final bout in Chiang Mai, Thailand.

Kazakh boxer Ablaikhan Zhussupov has been declared the champion following the disqualification of Asadullaev, the confederation said in a statement. It said the ruling came after a protest from the Kazakh Boxing Federation over the foul, which was overlooked by the referee during the fight on Wednesday.

After the ruling, the Kazakh federation noted on Telegram that Serbian referee Jovana Ugrenovic had not issued any warning to Asadullaev about the violation when it occurred, and that it had photo and video evidence of the foul. The federation said Asadullaev was “suspended from competitions for a certain period.”

Some media reports said Asadullaev bit Zhussupov on the shoulder.

Video of the fight shows Asadullaev being declared the winner after a split decision, embracing his opponent and skipping across the ring in triumph.

13 Dec 2024

Home, Life & Culture, Kyrgyzstan Life & Culture, Kyrgyzstan

Government Approval Becomes Mandatory for New Mosques in Kyrgyzstan

December 13, 2024
By Vagit Ismailov

The Kyrgyz government has introduced a new regulation requiring government approval for the construction of mosques. Azamat Yusupov, the director of the State Commission on Religious Affairs (SCRA), announced the policy during a meeting of the Jogorku Kenesh, Kyrgyzstan’s parliament.

Yusupov revealed that over 1,000 religious institutions in the country are currently operating without proper authorization. Of these, around 800 have been officially registered, while approximately 120 mosques remain unregistered.

“In the past, mosques were often built first and registered later. Going forward, construction must be pre-approved by state authorities to ensure legal compliance. We will evaluate the necessity of building a mosque in any given area before granting permission,” Yusupov stated.

The Kyrgyz parliament is also deliberating a draft law entitled “On Freedom of Religion and Religious Associations.” Prepared by the SCRA, the bill aims to address inconsistencies in existing legislation. The proposed law consists of six chapters and 40 articles, covering a range of issues related to religious freedom and regulation.

Key provisions of the draft law include:

Mandatory registration of religious sites.
A prohibition on combining public service with religious activities.
Restrictions on wearing clothing that hinders personal identification.
Regulations governing the operations of religious organizations.
A ban on interference by religious groups in state affairs.

President Sadyr Japarov has engaged with government officials and religious leaders to discuss the draft law, stressing the importance of balancing the interests of all societal groups while safeguarding national security and citizens’ rights.

The finalized version of the draft law will soon be presented to the Jogorku Kenesh for consideration and approval. If enacted, these changes are expected to significantly reshape how religious organizations operate in Kyrgyzstan

It is not yet clear how ordinary believers will react to the innovations. For example, last year, the Spiritual Administration of Muslims of Kyrgyzstan, which is in line with state policy, reacted sharply to an attempt to initiate a bill banning burkas and beards. Since 2021, the country’s authorities have been attempting to strengthen the secular foundations of the state by trying to establish control over various religious organizations. However, this has not prevented certain politicians from harnessing the growing religiosity of the population for their own purposes.

In terms of the number of mosques per believer, Kyrgyzstan is ahead of all Central Asian countries, with 3,593 throughout the country. The largest number of mosques is in Osh Province (1,063), the smallest in Naryn Province (194). There are 46 mosques registered in Bishkek and 89 in Osh. Kyrgyzstan also has 220 religious educational institutions, most of which operate in Osh Oblast. Such data is provided by the State Commission on Religious Affairs of the Kyrgyz Republic.

13 Dec 2024

Central Asia, Home, Business & Economy, Kyrgyzstan Business & Economy, Kazakhstan Featurees

Kyrgyz Entrepreneurs Urged to Legalize Income

December 13, 2024
By Anton Chipegin

Kyrgyz entrepreneurs have been reminded to legalize their assets as the period for voluntary declaration of income and property nears its end on December 31, 2024. From January 2025, authorities are set to launch extensive inspections of businesses, prompting Temir Sariev, head of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry (CCI) of Kyrgyzstan, to call on business owners to act promptly.

The law on voluntary legalization and amnesty of assets, introduced in 2023, offers citizens a chance to declare their assets with state guarantees of protection against criminal prosecution. By participating in the program, individuals and businesses can secure the preservation of their declared assets.

As previously reported by The Times of Central Asia, in an effort to accelerate this process, President Sadyr Japarov set a public example in early 2024 by legalizing a multi-story building in Bishkek valued at $20 million.

Temir Sariev emphasized that legalizing assets will improve economic transparency, protect citizens’ social and economic rights, and enhance Kyrgyzstan’s attractiveness to investors.

“An obvious benefit of asset legalization is the reduction of the shadow economy,” Sariev noted. According to the Ministry of Economy and Commerce, the shadow economy accounted for approximately 20% of GDP in 2023, although unofficial estimates suggest it could be twice as high. International examples indicate that asset and income legalization reduces the size of the informal sector, increases transparency, fosters competition, and attracts new investments.

While the potential advantages include increased tax revenues and improved public infrastructure, Sariev acknowledged the challenges for businesses transitioning out of the shadow economy. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) accustomed to operating informally may face difficulties adjusting to legal frameworks and potentially higher tax burdens.

To address these challenges, Sariev highlighted the need for new accounting systems, staff training, and significant government investment in modernizing tax administration.

This summer, the Kyrgyz government introduced changes to the taxation system, replacing voluntary patents – used by hundreds of thousands of businesses and individuals – with a mandatory payment system based on cash register accounting. The shift aims to increase transparency and accountability in the private sector.

The Chamber of Commerce and Industry continues to encourage businesses to take advantage of the current voluntary declaration period to ensure smoother compliance with the evolving economic landscape.

13 Dec 2024

Central Asia, Kazakhstan, Business & Economy, Kazakhstan Business & Economy

AI in Central Asia: Kazakhstan Unveils Multilingual GPT Model

November 11, 2025
By Vagit Ismailov

Researchers at the Institute of Intelligent Systems and Artificial Intelligence (ISSAI) at Nazarbayev University in Astana have introduced ISSAI KAZ-LLM, a large language model (LLM) specifically designed for the Kazakh language. Built on advanced neural network technology, the model serves as the foundation for Kazakhstan’s version of a generative AI system similar to GPT.

ISSAI KAZ-LLM is tailored to Kazakhstan’s multilingual and multicultural environment, supporting Kazakh, Russian, and English, with additional functionality for Turkish. The model addresses language barriers and advances the field of generative artificial intelligence for resource-limited languages.

The development team processed and synthesized over 150 billion tokens to ensure high-performance language capabilities. Beyond creating an AI tool, the project also fostered local expertise, involving Kazakhstani researchers at every stage, from data preparation to model implementation. Collaboration with international institutes enabled the creation of language-specific datasets and comparative analysis tools, utilizing input from linguists and state-of-the-art machine translation techniques.

KAZ-LLM has a wide range of applications, including Kazakh language translations, content generation, and bulk text processing. Training data was sourced exclusively from publicly available materials, such as Kazakh websites, news articles, and online libraries, supplemented by contributions from various organizations.

ISSAI director, Prof. Hussain Atakan Varol, told The Times of Central Asia: “This model reflects Kazakhstan’s commitment to innovation, self-reliance, and the growth of its technology ecosystem. Our team developed two versions of ISSAI KAZ-LLM: one with 8 billion parameters and another with 70 billion parameters. Both are built on the Meta Llama architecture, optimized for use on high-performance systems as well as resource-constrained environments. Released under a CC-BY-NC license, the models are available for non-commercial use on the Hugging Face platform.”

The ISSAI team is already exploring next-generation AI systems, including language-vision models, while expanding support for additional Turkic and regional languages. These initiatives aim to strengthen regional ties, promote linguistic integration, and create substantial economic and technological opportunities in Kazakhstan and beyond.

Remarkably, this groundbreaking development was accomplished without government funding, with significant contributions from Kazakhstani IT companies.

Kazakhstan is also gearing up to launch the International Center for Artificial Intelligence alem.ai. The center is set to become a hub for transforming the country into an AI-driven economy, fostering innovation, attracting investments, and supporting startups.

By 2029, the export of Kazakhstani AI solutions is expected to reach $5 billion.

13 Dec 2024

Home, Uzbekistan, Uzbekistan Features, International Affairs, Features, Uzbekistan International Affairs

U.S. Sanctions on Gazprombank Put Uzbekistan’s $4.8 Billion Copper Ambitions at Risk

January 15, 2025
By Sadokat Jalolova

Uzbekistan faces a significant economic challenge as U.S. sanctions on Russia’s Gazprombank disrupt the $4.8 billion Yoshlik mine expansion project. The project, managed by state-owned Almalyk Mining and Metallurgical Combine (MMC), is critical to Uzbekistan’s plan to nearly double its copper production by 2026, according to The Diplomat. However, with Gazprombank now excluded from the international payments system, the project’s financing is at risk. The Russian Government directly owns 36.44% of Gazprombank’s capital.

Financing Challenges

The Yoshlik mine expansion aims to increase copper output by 78% and gold production by 50%, making it a cornerstone of Uzbekistan’s economic development strategy. However, Almalyk MMC’s reliance on Gazprombank leaves it vulnerable to delays and potential secondary sanctions.

This situation exacerbated earlier difficulties after U.S. and EU sanctions in 2022 suspended an $800 million tranche from Russian development bank VEB.RF, another key financial backer. Almalyk MMC must now urgently secure alternative financing to keep the project on track.

Russia’s Role in Uzbekistan’s Economy

Russia remains Uzbekistan’s largest trading partner, and remittances from Uzbek workers in Russia account for 18% of Uzbekistan’s GDP. Russia’s involvement in the Yoshlik project began in 2021 when Gazprombank and VEB.RF pledged $2 billion to finance mining equipment purchases.

Impact on European and British Partners

The Yoshlik project also involves significant participation from European and British firms:

Germany: Engineering firms such as Thyssenkrupp have supplied critical equipment. Germany’s KfW IPEX-Bank recently arranged $2.55 billion in financing for the project. However, U.S. sanctions on Gazprombank could create legal and logistical hurdles, putting pressure on Germany’s government to reassess its support for exports to Uzbekistan.
United Kingdom: The UK has taken a complex position. While it sanctioned Gazprombank in 2014, British firms, including Weir Group, remain involved in the project. In 2024, the U.K.’s export credit agency guaranteed a refinancing deal through Spain’s Santander Bank, reflecting the mine’s importance to British exporters. As reported by TCA, earlier this week, the UK Export Finance (UKEF) guaranteed a €12.6 million ($13.25 million) loan to the Almalyk Mining and Metallurgical Complex to refinance the purchase of fully automated vehicles.

Urgency for Alternative Financing

For Uzbekistan, securing alternative sources of funding is critical. Almalyk MMC must navigate a challenging sanctions landscape while keeping the Yoshlik project on schedule. Failure to do so could not only isolate the company but also hinder Uzbekistan’s broader economic goals, particularly its ambitions to expand its mining sector and boost foreign investment.