Jogorku Kenesh (Parliament) deputy Bakytbek Maripov has proposed moving Kyrgyzstan’s capital away from Bishkek, presenting the idea during a parliamentary session on January 22.
Maripov argued that even radical measures to improve Bishkek’s infrastructure – such as reforming the city’s management system or developing transportation networks – would be insufficient to solve its persistent issues with smog and traffic congestion.
The deputy suggested that relocating the capital could offer an effective long-term solution, particularly when viewed in the context of large-scale investment opportunities. He cited a comparison of major infrastructure costs: for instance, the construction of the planned city of Asman on the coast of Issyk-Kul is already drawing $10 billion in investments. Meanwhile, relocating Bishkek’s railroad infrastructure would cost $550 million, and building a ring road around the city would require approximately $1 billion.
“If the capital were moved, the problems of traffic congestion and air pollution could be avoided,” Maripov emphasized.
Although the proposal to move the capital remains at an early stage, it has sparked significant debate among lawmakers and the public.
Bishkek’s Challenges: Traffic and Smog
Bishkek is grappling with severe traffic congestion and air pollution, which are fueling calls for drastic action. According to data from the 2GIS navigation service, residents spent 777 hours stuck in traffic during July, August, and September of 2024. In October, congestion levels in the city reached nine out of 10 points. The primary factors contributing to traffic jams include a surge in the number of vehicles, insufficient road capacity, and inefficient traffic light management.
The city’s air pollution problem is equally pressing. In November 2024, Bishkek ranked among the top 10 most polluted cities in the world. Key sources of pollution include emissions from motor vehicles, the use of low-quality fuels for heating private homes, and unfavorable meteorological conditions that trap pollutants.
Government Efforts and Public Concerns
Authorities have introduced several initiatives to address Bishkek’s environmental and transportation challenges. In January 2025, the Jogorku Kenesh discussed measures aimed at reducing smog and alleviating traffic congestion in both Bishkek and Osh. However, despite ongoing efforts, the situation remains critical, underscoring the need for a comprehensive and systemic approach to improving urban infrastructure and environmental conditions.
While the idea of relocating Kyrgyzstan’s capital is far from finalized, it has already opened up discussions about long-term solutions to Bishkek’s chronic problems. For now, the debate continues as the city’s residents and lawmakers consider the potential benefits and challenges of such a monumental shift.
