Page 349 – The Times Of Central Asia

11 Mar 2025

Central Asia, Environment, Home, Kyrgyzstan Environment, Kyrgyzstan

Kyrgyzstan Bans Plastic Bags at Lake Issyk-Kul

March 11, 2025
By Sergey Kwan

As of March 1, Kyrgyzstan has banned the use and sale of plastic bags and other plastic products in the resort and recreational areas of the Issyk-Kul region, including the beaches of Lake Issyk-Kul, the country’s main tourist destination.

The Ministry of Natural Resources, Ecology, and Technical Supervision announced that fines will be imposed for violations, as part of efforts to protect the lake’s unique ecosystem and maintain cleanliness in the region.

Penalties for Violations

First offense: Warning
Repeated violation within one year:
- Individuals – 3,000 KGS ($34)
- Legal entities – 10,000 KGS ($114)

The ban and fines apply to both local residents and tourists.

Beach at Cholpon Ata; image: TCA, Stephen M. Bland

“It is not enough to hold only manufacturers or sellers accountable. All citizens must stop using plastic at Issyk-Kul. When visiting the lake, people should bring paper bags or reusable shopping bags,” said Almaz Oskonbayev, an official with the ministry.

This regional restriction is a precursor to a nationwide ban on plastic bags, set to take effect on January 1, 2027.

11 Mar 2025

Central Asia, Kyrgyzstan, Local Politics, Kyrgyzstan Local Politics

Kyrgyzstan Launches Large-Scale Public Administration Reform

March 11, 2025
By Sergey Kwan

On March 10, the Chairman of Kyrgyzstan’s Cabinet of Ministers, Adylbek Kasymaliyev, announced the launch of sweeping public administration reforms aimed at eliminating excessive bureaucratic barriers, accelerating decision-making processes, and improving government efficiency.

The reform is part of the implementation of the presidential decree “On Additional Measures to Improve the Efficiency and Debureaucratization of the Civil Service System of the Kyrgyz Republic.”

Under this decree, President Sadyr Japarov appointed Minister of Justice Ayaz Baetov as the director of the National Institute for Strategic Initiatives (NISI) and a Deputy Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers until October 1, 2025. The NISI has been granted broad powers to coordinate the public administration reform.

Key Areas of the Reform

Audit of government agencies – identifying and eliminating redundant and ineffective structures.
Regulatory framework optimization – removing excessive regulations.
Digitalization of government services – reducing bureaucratic procedures.
Outsourcing of government functions – transferring some responsibilities to the private sector.
Enhancing government efficiency – cutting costs and accelerating decision-making processes.

Kasymaliyev underscored the significance of these reforms.

“Today, we are beginning a fundamental transformation of public administration. This is a decisive and even radical step aimed at accelerating all development processes in our country. The world is changing rapidly, and nations have entered a new phase of global competition. Kyrgyzstan must meet these challenges, and our main task is to remove all obstacles to the President’s reforms in the economy, public administration, and social sphere.”

The head of the Cabinet stressed that the reform must yield significant results within six months.

11 Mar 2025

Central Asia, Life & Culture, Kyrgyzstan Life & Culture, Kyrgyzstan, Features, Kyrgyzstan Features, Kyrgyzstan Home

March for Women’s Rights in Bishkek: Kyrgyz Voices Demand Change

March 11, 2025
By Tamila Olzhbaekova

The annual March for Women’s Rights in Bishkek on March 8 drew around 500 participants, reaffirming Kyrgyzstan’s status as the only country in Central Asia where such demonstrations take place every year, despite persistent pressure and resistance.

The march began at noon in front of the former Ministry of Foreign Affairs building near Staraya Square. Participants, chanting slogans, walked to Gorky Park, holding placards demanding equality and greater protection of women’s rights.

“We Need Security, Not Flowers”

Many posters reflected the urgent issues faced by Kyrgyz women:

“Don’t be silent.”
“Abortion is a personal decision, not a legal debate.”
“We need security, not flowers.”
“No to violence against women.”
“A WOMAN is NOT a free housekeeper. Not a reproductive item. Not cheap labor. Not an object of comfort.”

Image: ТСА, Tamila Olzhbaekova

These slogans underscore the real challenges confronting women in Kyrgyzstan, including domestic violence, gender inequality, and the restriction of reproductive rights.

“I Am Proud That Women Can Speak Openly About Their Rights”

For many participants, the march was not just a protest but also a significant step in the ongoing fight for their rights.

Mairam, 24, Osh: “I am proud to live in a country where women can speak openly about their rights. Despite all the difficulties, we continue to take to the streets, and this is very important. This march reminds us that we are not alone.”

Amina, 20, Bishkek: “This is my second year participating in the march. For me, it is more than just an event—it is an opportunity to voice the concerns of all women in our country. Here, you feel unity and support.”

Asel, 27, Bishkek: “Every year, I come here because I believe that the louder we speak about our rights, the more change we can achieve. Women in Kyrgyzstan deserve security and equal opportunities.”

Image: ТСА, Tamila Olzhbaekova

A Symbol of the Struggle for Equal Rights

The Women’s March in Bishkek has become a symbol of resistance and determination, continuing despite repeated attempts to ban or restrict it. Year after year, more people take to the streets to affirm a simple yet powerful message that women’s rights are human rights, and without equality, there can be no just society.

11 Mar 2025

Home, Business & Economy, Kazakhstan Business & Economy, Features, Kazakhstan Featurees

Kazakhstan Balances OPEC+ Compliance with Bold 2025 Oil Surge

May 6, 2025
By Aliya Haidar

Kazakhstan has reaffirmed its commitment to the OPEC+ agreement on oil production volumes while simultaneously planning to increase production in 2025, signaling a growing influence on the international cartel despite not being a member.

In February, Kazakhstan’s Energy Ministry issued a statement confirming its adherence to the OPEC+ agreement. “Kazakhstan will take the necessary measures in 2025 and 2026 to fulfill its commitments and compensate for overproduction in 2024,” the statement read.

The government acknowledged that production would increase in 2024 due to the expansion of the Tengiz field but emphasized the importance of honoring OPEC+ commitments. Kazakhstan also pledged to engage in negotiations within the framework of international law.

In March, major oil producers, including ExxonMobil, Total, and Shell, agreed to reduce oil production in Kazakhstan to align with OPEC+ requirements. “We have set quite a serious task for them to reduce oil production in Kazakhstan to achieve the planned parameters. The conversation was productive, and we did not receive any refusals,” Energy Minister Almasadam Satkaliyev stated.

Similar assurances were made in April 2024, even after the country exceeded its March quota by 131,000 barrels per day.

Planned Production Increase

Despite these commitments, Kazakhstan plans to produce over 96.2 million tons of oil and gas condensate in 2025, marking a 9.7% increase from the previous year’s 87.7 million tons. According to Energy Minister Satkaliyev, Atyrau Region is expected to produce 57.4 million tons (+9.1%), Mangistau Region 17.8 million tons (+7.2%), West Kazakhstan Region 12.9 million tons (+4.9%), while Aktobe Region’s output is projected to decline slightly to 4.7 million tons (-2.1%).

Industry experts note that this decision has caused friction with OPEC+ members, particularly Saudi Arabia. Oleg Chervinsky, a columnist for the Oil and Gas of Kazakhstan. Facts and Comments Telegram channel attributes the production increase primarily to the expansion of the Tengiz field, which is set to begin operations in the second quarter of 2025 with investments totaling $533 million. Additional investments of $144 million are being made at Karachaganak, while work continues on the offshore Kalamkas-Sea-Khazar project.

Kazakhstan’s Growing Influence

Chervinsky argues that Kazakhstan has become a key player in OPEC+ despite its non-membership. In March, OPEC+ decided to increase oil production from April by approximately 138,000 barrels per day, the first such decision since 2022. The move came amid sluggish global demand and U.S. President Donald Trump’s calls for Saudi Arabia to boost production.

According to Reuters, Kazakhstan’s excess production played a significant role in OPEC+’s decision. Three sources within the cartel reported that several OPEC+ members, including Saudi Arabia, were “outraged” by Kazakhstan’s record-breaking production levels and demanded that the country compensate for the overproduction. However, as Chervinsky points out, the cartel has no direct enforcement mechanisms over Kazakhstan, and the government remains committed to its plan to increase production by nearly 10% in 2025.

With its ability to influence OPEC+ decisions while maintaining production independence, Kazakhstan is emerging as an increasingly formidable player in the global oil market.

11 Mar 2025

Central Asia, Home, Kyrgyzstan, Business & Economy, Kyrgyzstan Business & Economy, Opinions, Kyrgyzstan Opinions, Features, Kyrgyzstan Features, Kyrgyzstan Home

Kyrgyzstan’s Economic Boom or Bust? Calls for Inclusive Growth Persist

March 13, 2025
By Anton Chipegin

Kyrgyz President Sadyr Japarov declared late last year that the country’s economic growth had reached historic milestones, with GDP maintaining positive momentum. However, local economists remain skeptical about the broader impact of this growth.

In 2020, Kyrgyzstan’s GDP stood at 639 billion KGS ($7.3 billion), according to official data. By the end of 2025, this figure is projected to reach 1.8 trillion KGS ($22 billion).

Growth Without Inclusion

In an interview with The Times of Central Asia, economist Nurgul Akimova acknowledged that the reported 9% GDP growth and the so-called “leopard’s leap” frequently mentioned by the government are positive developments. However, she stressed that for economic expansion to be meaningful for ordinary citizens, it must be inclusive.

“Nine percent growth is not inclusive because it does not create additional jobs. The main drivers of our economic growth are construction, downstream industries, and the financial sector. These sectors do not contribute to improving human capital. In construction, for instance, a significant portion of costs goes toward imported building materials,” Akimova explained.

According to Akimova, Kyrgyzstan’s economy has followed an inertia-driven trajectory for the past 30 years, avoiding major shocks but also failing to achieve significant breakthroughs. She pointed out that if the garment sector were growing, it would have a greater impact, as it did 15 years ago when Kyrgyz-made clothing was exported to neighboring countries.

“For example, a seamstress spends her income on education, healthcare, and consumption. By doing so, she contributes to the development of other inclusive sectors, benefiting society as a whole,” Akimova said, adding that while the economy is expanding, it is not improving the welfare of citizens.

A People-Centered Economy

Akimova emphasized that economic policy should prioritize people’s wellbeing, as failure to do so could erode public trust in the government.

She also criticized official comparisons of Kyrgyzstan’s economic growth with other countries, arguing that such assessments lack context. “Officials claim Kyrgyzstan is growing faster than others, but an economy that produces microchips and one that manufactures T-shirts are fundamentally different. These industries require distinct investment levels, equipment, and human capital.”

Kyrgyzstan’s economy is currently valued at approximately $14 billion. If the country were to sustain an annual 10% growth rate, as authorities suggest, GDP would increase by $1.4 billion per year. Akimova highlighted that this figure represents only 0.5% of Kazakhstan’s economic growth, 0.06% of Russia’s, and a mere 0.0006% of the United States’ GDP expansion.

“When we hear claims that we are growing faster than others, we must consider the scale and complexity of economic processes,” the economist concluded.

11 Mar 2025

Home, Kazakhstan, Business & Economy, Kazakhstan Business & Economy, Kazakhstan Featurees

Modernization of Kazakh Railway Infrastructure is a Priority

March 11, 2025
By Times of Central Asia

According to the National Infrastructure Plan of the Republic of Kazakhstan until 2029, the overall level of wear and tear of the railroad network is about 50%. In addition, the qualitative characteristics of the track do not meet current business demands and are inferior to other countries in terms of its development. In order to improve the quality and guarantee reliable and safe transportation of passengers and cargo by rail, KTZ plans to repair about 11,000 km of railway sections by 2029.

According to JSC NC Kazakhstan Temir Zholy, which operates the country’s railway mainline network, 1,430 km of track was repaired as part of last year’s summer track works, including 570 km of major railway track overhauls.

As Sakеn Rakhmetov, Brach Director of KTZ’s Mainline Network Directorate, told The Times of Central Asia, train speed improvements were achieved on 413 km of track for passenger trains with Talgo cars, 605 km for passenger trains, and 406 km and 507 km for freight and container trains, respectively.

In the upcoming season, which will begin in March, 1,480 km of track across the country are planned for repair, including 512 km of major overhauls.

“Repair work will be carried out on key railway sections with heavy train traffic. The first projects are planned on the Beineu-Mangystau, Zhambyl-Tyulkubas, Shu-Almaty, and Makat-Aksarayskaya sections,” Rakhmetov explained.

KTZ has developed a corresponding Program for the Development of Railway Infrastructure Capacity. Several modernization and reconstruction projects are planned, including upgrades to signaling, centralization, and blocking systems.

“A limiting factor in the railway infrastructure’s throughput capacity is the processing ability of stations, as well as the useful length of receiving and departure tracks. With the introduction of modern locomotive types and the increasing share of container trains, both train weight and composition length have grown, while station infrastructure has remained unchanged. For instance, 59% of stations and passing loops currently cannot accommodate long trains. Therefore, by 2029, the development of approximately 200 stations and junction points is planned. This year alone, work is set to begin on 31 stations,” Rakhmetov stated.

Notably, to increase the processing capacity of railway stations, a Sorting Systems Development Program was approved in 2024. As part of this program, work will begin this year on modernizing the sorting system at Karaganda-Sortirovochnaya station.

Overall, by 2029, Kazakhstan plans to construct 5,000 km of new railway lines and repair 11,000 km of tracks, with 2,800 km already having been renovated over the past two years.

Regarding the modernization of station buildings and passenger platforms, efforts to provide high-quality services to the population saw the completion of routine repairs on 36 stations in 2024. Architectural lighting was installed at the Astana-1 and Kurort-Borovoe stations, while heating systems were repaired at 16 stations. In total, between 2024 and 2029, 54 stations across the country will undergo modernization and major renovations at an estimated cost of 100 billion tenge ($204 million).