Page 366 – The Times Of Central Asia

01 Jul 2025

Home, Uzbekistan Environment, Environment, Uzbekistan

AIIB and Uzbekistan Finalize $71.1 Million Loan for Climate-Resilient Rural Roads

July 1, 2025
By Sadokat Jalolova

Uzbekistan and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) have concluded a $71.1 million loan agreement to upgrade rural roads in the Khorezm and Karakalpakstan regions. The deal was finalized during the AIIB’s 10th Annual Meeting in Beijing.

The loan will finance the first phase of the Karakalpakstan and Khorezm Local Roads Network Reconstruction Project, which aims to modernize rural road infrastructure to improve climate resilience and community accessibility. The project is expected to facilitate better access to markets and essential public services for rural populations.

The total cost of the project is projected at $173.4 million, with a second loan tranche planned to cover the remaining amount. The initial phase will prioritize road improvements in Khorezm, while the second tranche will address road upgrades in the Republic of Karakalpakstan.

According to the AIIB, a phased approach will allow Uzbekistan to better manage its fiscal resources and enhance project planning and execution. This method also enables the bank to provide tailored technical assistance and integrate lessons learned from earlier phases into subsequent work.

This initiative builds on a broader partnership between Uzbekistan and the AIIB. In 2024, the bank approved a $250 million program to support the country’s transition to a greener economy. That package includes measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, reform climate-related policies, and promote sustainable land and water management, as well as low-carbon transportation and energy solutions.

The AIIB also backs Uzbekistan’s efforts to boost energy efficiency, expand renewable energy capacity, promote e-mobility, and encourage state-owned enterprises to adopt climate risk reporting practices.

The rural roads project aligns with Uzbekistan’s wider development agenda, which includes modernizing infrastructure, revitalizing underserved regions, and fostering long-term sustainability.

01 Jul 2025

Central Asia, Life & Culture, Kazakhstan Life & Culture, Kazakhstan

Leading French Engineering School to Open Branch in Kazakhstan

July 1, 2025
By Sergey Kwan

The Kazakh Ministry of Science and Higher Education has finalized an agreement with Grenoble INP-Phelma, UGA – France’s premier engineering school specializing in physics, electronics, and materials science, to open a branch campus in Almaty in 2026. The new campus will operate in partnership with Satbayev University, one of Kazakhstan’s top technical institutions.

The agreement was signed by vice presidents of both universities in the presence of Kazakhstan’s Minister of Science and Higher Education Sayasat Nurbek and French Ambassador to Kazakhstan Sylvain Guiguet.

Grenoble INP-Phelma, located in the city of Grenoble, is part of the Grenoble Institute of Technology and is internationally recognized for its excellence in engineering education.

The Kazakhstan branch of Phelma will offer dual degree programs in Nuclear Engineering, Renewable Engineering, and Advanced Studies. The initiative aims to train highly qualified specialists in nuclear and renewable energy, fields of growing strategic importance as Kazakhstan prepares to construct its first nuclear power plant.

Participating students will have the opportunity to undergo practical training at French nuclear power facilities, which operate 56 reactors and supply more than 70% of France’s electricity. This hands-on experience is expected to prepare graduates for careers in Kazakhstan’s evolving energy sector.

The Times of Central Asia previously reported that the Colorado School of Mines will also open its first international campus in Kazakhstan in 2026. That campus will be located in Zhezkazgan, the center of the country’s geological industry.

The Colorado School of Mines has already established a dual degree partnership with Satbayev University in geology, petroleum engineering, and mining, which includes joint research collaborations.

01 Jul 2025

Home, Justice, Kazakhstan Justice, Kazakhstan, Features, Kazakhstan Featurees

Former Justice Minister From ‘Old Kazakhstan’ Sentenced to Nine Years in Prison

July 2, 2025
By Aliya Haidar

Former Minister of Justice Marat Beketayev has been sentenced to nine years in prison with confiscation of property for crimes linked to large-scale corruption. Beketayev is widely regarded as a representative of the “Old Kazakhstan” of the first president, Nursultan Nazarbayev, a term widely used to describe officials removed from power in the wake of the January 2022 unrest and associated with systemic corruption.

Verdict Handed Down

The Anti-Corruption Service of Kazakhstan announced on June 30 that Beketayev was convicted of fraud, embezzlement on an especially large scale, and illegal participation in entrepreneurial activities. Details of the case remain classified. The charges were formally submitted to the court in March 2025.

Beketayev served as Minister of Justice from 2016 until early 2022. Following the January unrest, he was appointed as an advisor to the Prime Minister but was quietly dismissed in December 2022, a fact that only became public knowledge in February 2023.

He was detained in October 2023 while allegedly attempting to flee the country. According to investigators, he abused his office by lobbying for the interests of an affiliated company and awarding it annual contracts for unnecessary services, actions that reportedly inflicted significant financial damage on the state.

Fallout from the January Events

Beketayev’s dismissal came immediately after the events known in Kazakhstan as “Bloody January” (Qantar), when protests initially triggered by rising liquefied gas prices escalated into nationwide unrest. From January 3-7, 2022, major cities were engulfed in chaos. Government buildings, law enforcement agencies, and military units were attacked; 238 people were reportedly killed, including children and police officers. The worst violence occurred in Almaty, where protesters stormed the city administration, the president’s residence, and the airport.

Order was restored on January 8 with the intervention of the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO), at the request of President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev. Open-source information and official investigations suggest the unrest was orchestrated by supporters of former president Nursultan Nazarbayev, who had stepped down in 2019 after nearly 30 years in power.

In the aftermath, many high-ranking officials were removed or prosecuted. Among them was former Prime Minister and National Security Committee (KNB) Chairman Karim Massimov, who was sentenced to 18 years in prison for orchestrating what authorities describe as a coup attempt. Nazarbayev’s nephews, Samat Abish and Kairat Satybaldy, also faced charges. Abish received an eight-year suspended sentence due to his “sincere repentance,” while Satybaldy, accused of economic crimes, paid approximately 700 billion tenge ($1.5 billion) in restitution and was released.

The post-Qantar purge extended to numerous grassroots organizers and ordinary citizens involved in the unrest. In political discourse, the divide between Tokayev’s supporters and the remnants of Nazarbayev’s influence is often described as a split between “New Kazakhstan” and “Old Kazakhstan.”

Beketayev’s Legacy and Links to Major Scandals

Beketayev is considered an ally of Massimov and thus part of the old power structure. He was also involved in one of Kazakhstan’s most controversial international legal disputes, the case involving Moldovan businessmen Anatol and Gabriel Stati. In 2017, $22 billion from Kazakhstan’s National Fund, composed largely of oil revenue, was frozen due to litigation stemming from the Stati case. The proceedings led to substantial legal costs and reputational damage for the state.

Beketayev’s conviction is seen as another chapter in the government’s ongoing campaign to dismantle the political and financial legacy of “Old Kazakhstan.”

01 Jul 2025

Central Asia, Home, Kazakhstan Local Politics, Local Politics, Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan Transfers Anti-Corruption Authority to National Security Committee

July 1, 2025
By Dmitry Pokidaev

Kazakh President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev has signed a decree dissolving the country’s standalone Anti-Corruption Agency and transferring its functions to the National Security Committee (NSC), in what officials describe as a move to modernize and streamline public administration.

According to the decree, the Anti-Corruption Agency, previously a direct presidential subordinate tasked with both strategic and operational anti-corruption efforts, will now be integrated into the NSC as its sixth division. It joins the ranks of other specialized units including the Border Service, Foreign Intelligence Service, Government Communications Service, Special Division “A” (special forces), and the Aviation Service.

Some responsibilities, particularly those involving the development and implementation of anti-corruption policy, interagency coordination, and public outreach, will be transferred to the Agency for Civil Service Affairs. That agency will also absorb part of the former Anti-Corruption Agency’s staff and resources.

“In order to modernize and improve the efficiency of the public administration system, I hereby decree: to reorganize the Anti-Corruption Agency by merging it with the National Security Committee…” the decree states.

The Anti-Corruption Agency was created in 2014 as the successor to the Agency for Combating Economic and Corruption Crimes, also known as the financial police, which had operated since 1994. Throughout its existence, the agency reported directly to the president and was central to the country’s efforts to combat corruption, from policy design to investigations.

Under the decree, the NSC must draft new regulations for the anti-corruption division and submit personnel redistribution proposals, particularly concerning the Agency for Civil Service Affairs, within one month. Additionally, the government has until September 1, 2025, to prepare and submit a bill to parliament reflecting the institutional changes.

As previously reported by The Times of Central Asia, President Tokayev recently launched a broad reform initiative targeting the entire law enforcement system. The incorporation of anti-corruption functions into the NSC may thus represent only the first phase of a wider restructuring.

01 Jul 2025

International Affairs

South Korea-Central Asia Summit Postponed to 2026

July 1, 2025
By Sadokat Jalolova

The long-anticipated summit between South Korea and Central Asian nations, originally scheduled for 2025, has been postponed to 2026 due to recent political developments in South Korea. The decision was confirmed by First Vice Foreign Minister Park Yoon-joo during a meeting of the National Assembly’s international affairs committee, as reported by Yonhap News Agency.

Park stated that the postponement followed a comprehensive review of both internal and external considerations.

“After considering all relevant circumstances, including the positions of the Central Asian countries and our own internal schedule, it became difficult to propose a viable date within this year,” he told lawmakers.

Park was also presenting the ministry’s second supplementary budget, adjusted to 4.23 trillion won (approximately $3.11 billion), slightly lower than the previously revised figure.

The delay comes amid political turbulence in South Korea following serious allegations against former President Yoon Suk-yeol.

According to Reuters, Yoon faced widespread backlash earlier this year after being accused of attempting to declare martial law and consolidate presidential powers during a period of domestic unrest. The controversy triggered mass protests and increased scrutiny of the executive branch, ultimately prompting the rescheduling of several diplomatic events, including the summit with Central Asian leaders. Despite the delay, bilateral cooperation continues.

Earlier this week, The Times of Central Asia reported that South Korean firms reached an agreement with Kyrgyzstan to support the development of electric public transportation infrastructure. The deal, facilitated by the Kyrgyz Ministry of Economy and Trade, includes plans to build a network of charging stations for electric buses in Bishkek. The project involves collaboration with the Korea Environmental Transport Association and several private companies and aims to promote cleaner public transport and improved environmental standards in the Kyrgyz capital.

01 Jul 2025

Central Asia, Home, Tajikistan Life & Culture, Life & Culture, Tajikistan, Tajikistan Features, Tajikistan Home, Features

Unique Artifact from Kushan Era Unearthed in Tajikistan

July 3, 2025
By Vagit Ismailov

Archaeologists from the National Museum of Tajikistan have unearthed a rare and significant artifact, a clay vessel bearing a complete inscription in the Bactrian language, dating to the Kushan era. The discovery was made at the Khalkhajar archaeological site near the village of Sarband, according to the museum’s announcement.

A Jug with a Story

Excavations at Khalkhajar began on May 20 under the direction of Mirali Zamon Karimdodzoda, head of the museum’s archaeology and numismatics department. The team uncovered the remains of ancient architectural structures, including clay and brick walls with traces of whitewash and well-preserved sections of interior spaces.

Most of the artifacts unearthed date back to the Kushan Empire’s peak between the 1st and 3rd centuries AD. Among the most notable finds is a two-handled clay jug, recovered in fragments and meticulously restored. What makes the vessel exceptional is its intact inscription in Bactrian, written in a distinct broken script, an exceedingly rare occurrence in Tajikistan.

Deciphering the Inscription

To analyze the text, the museum enlisted the expertise of internationally renowned scholars: Professor Nicholas Sims-Williams, a specialist in ancient Iranian languages, and numismatist Joe Cribb. Based on their interpretation, the inscription reads:

“eiado gō(l)z[o ]sido finzo sagkino ol(o) mo(.)”
Translation: “This water jug belongs to the woman Sagkina.”

This simple phrase is of considerable linguistic and cultural significance. It offers a rare glimpse into everyday life and personal property practices in the Kushan period, shedding light on literacy, gender, and identity in ancient Central Asia.

Cultural and Historical Significance

The name “Sagkina” provides valuable material for onomastic studies and enriches understanding of female naming conventions in the region during the Kushan era. The presence of such inscriptions suggests a relatively advanced level of literacy and a societal norm of marking personal belongings, an important insight into domestic life and social organization at the time.

Experts note that finds of this nature are vital for tracing the evolution of writing systems in Eastern Iran and for better understanding the intersection of language and material culture in ancient societies.

Echoes of Empire

The Kushan Empire was one of the most expansive and influential states in ancient Central Asia, encompassing areas of present-day Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, southern Uzbekistan, and parts of Tajikistan. The Bactrian language, written in a modified Greek script, served as a key medium for administration and trade, and today remains essential to reconstructing the region’s historical narrative.

Archaeological efforts at Khalkhajar are ongoing. All discoveries are being catalogued for future public exhibition at the National Museum of Tajikistan, where the inscribed jug will take pride of place as a symbol of the region’s rich cultural heritage.