Page 121 – The Times Of Central Asia

08 Jan 2026

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Kazakhstan’s Renewable Energy Share Reaches 7% in National Energy Mix

January 8, 2026
By Sergey Kwan

By the end of 2025, renewable energy sources (RES) accounted for 7% of Kazakhstan’s electricity generation, up from 6.43% the previous year. This modest but steady increase was driven by the commissioning of nine new RES facilities with a combined capacity of 503 MW, including wind, solar, and hydroelectric power plants.

While Kazakhstan still lags behind global leaders in the energy transition, it is considered one of Central Asia’s most institutionally structured and balanced markets for green energy development.

The country currently operates 162 renewable energy facilities with a total installed capacity of approximately 3.5 GW. The sector remains diversified: 67 wind farms, 49 solar power plants, 43 hydropower facilities, and three biogas stations contribute to the overall mix.

A key driver of Kazakhstan’s renewable energy expansion is its auction-based model for project selection, which enhances transparency and attracts private investment. Under the 2024-2027 plan, the government aims to deploy 6.7 GW of new renewable capacity, of which around 4 GW had already been allocated by December 2025. The participation of international players, including Total Eren, Masdar, China Power International Holding, and China Energy, has bolstered the sector’s technological and financial resilience.

In comparison, Uzbekistan has emerged as the region’s most dynamic renewable energy market, focusing on large-scale solar and wind projects led by foreign investors. Although the share of renewables in Uzbekistan’s energy mix remains below 10%, its annual capacity additions have outpaced Kazakhstan’s in absolute terms.

Unlike Kazakhstan’s market-based approach, Uzbekistan’s model relies more heavily on large, state-structured contracts, which speeds up implementation but limits competition and diversification. Total investment in Uzbekistan’s renewable sector is estimated at roughly $6 billion, with key backing from the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), the World Bank, and the International Finance Corporation (IFC).

Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan formally lead the region in renewable energy share due to their reliance on hydropower, which accounts for 80-90% of their electricity generation. However, this heavy dependence makes their energy systems highly vulnerable to seasonal and climatic fluctuations.

Turkmenistan remains the regional outlier, with a power sector almost entirely reliant on natural gas despite significant solar potential. Renewable projects there are limited and largely experimental.

In this context, Kazakhstan occupies an intermediate position, between the hydropower-heavy economies of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan and the fast-growing but centralized market of Uzbekistan. Its relatively low starting share in renewables is offset by a stable institutional framework, competitive project selection, and strong international participation.

Kazakhstan’s targets, to raise renewable energy’s share to 15% by 2030 and to 50% by 2050, are ambitious but feasible, provided green energy development remains aligned with investments in base-load generation.

08 Jan 2026

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Japarov Credits Mirziyoyev’s in Resolving Kyrgyzstan-Tajikistan Border Dispute

January 9, 2026
By Sadokat Jalolova

Kyrgyz President Sadyr Japarov has detailed how the long-standing border conflict with Tajikistan was resolved, citing direct diplomacy, enhanced military capabilities, and crucial regional mediation. His remarks came during the second part of the documentary President, aired on Kyrgyzstan’s Region TV.

Japarov recounted that after the deadly clashes along the Kyrgyz, Tajik border in April 2021, he opted to visit Dushanbe for direct talks with Tajik President Emomali Rahmon, despite opposition from some members of his inner circle, including State Committee for National Security Chairman Kamchybek Tashiyev. The negotiations, which lasted ten hours, ended without immediate results.

“We talked for many hours, but at that time we could not reach an agreement,” Japarov recalled in the film.

The 2021 conflict, triggered by disputes over infrastructure near the Kyrgyz village of Kok-Tash, exposed significant weaknesses in Kyrgyzstan’s defense capacity. The two-day confrontation involved heavy weaponry, including mortars, armored vehicles, and helicopter gunships. Official figures reported 54 fatalities, hundreds of injuries, and mass civilian displacement.

Japarov said the violence spurred a modernization of the Kyrgyz military. The country began acquiring advanced equipment, including Turkish-made Bayraktar Akıncı and Aksungur drones. By the time renewed clashes broke out in September 2022, the president claimed that the balance of power had shifted.

“By then, the forces were already equal, and we had begun to gain air superiority,” he said.

Despite these developments, Japarov stressed that diplomacy ultimately brought resolution, and credited Uzbek President Shavkat Mirziyoyev with playing a pivotal role. “At summits, I told Rahmon, ‘Let’s sit down and talk.’ At first he refused. The second time, he agreed,” Japarov stated. “I must say that the role of Uzbekistan’s President Shavkat Mirziyoyev was very significant. He persuaded us not to miss the moment and to reach an agreement. That’s how we sat down and resolved the border issue.”

Kyrgyz Foreign Minister Jeenbek Kulubaev supported this view, describing Mirziyoyev as a regional leader who consistently urged neighbors to resolve disputes peacefully. He noted that Mirziyoyev had warned unresolved conflicts risk deterring both investors and tourists, who often see Central Asia as a single, interconnected region.

Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan officially signed a border delimitation agreement on March 13 of last year, following a preliminary signing on March 31 in Khujand during a trilateral meeting involving the leaders of Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan.

07 Jan 2026

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Kyrgyzstan Expands Sales Markets for Agricultural Products

January 7, 2026
By Sergey Kwan

In 2025, Kyrgyzstan significantly broadened the scope of its agricultural exports, entering several new international markets for both raw and processed products.

According to the Ministry of Water Resources, Agriculture, and Processing Industry, efforts are actively underway to boost exports to China. To date, eight bilateral protocols have been signed with Chinese authorities, covering the export of Kyrgyz wool, cashmere, beans, poultry meat and by-products, as well as three protocols related to heat-treated meat and raw hides. Exports of dried fruits have already begun, with the first shipment of 23 tons of dried apricots delivered to China. Preparations are also in progress for the export of wine, vegetable oil, and vegetables.

Simultaneously, Kyrgyz authorities are working to secure approval for honey exports to the European Union. In a notable milestone, 298 kg of Kyrgyz honey was exported to the United Kingdom for the first time.

Export diversification is also extending into the Middle East. In 2025, 144 horses were shipped from Kyrgyzstan to Saudi Arabia.

Kyrgyz products have also entered the digital marketplace. Dried fruit, honey, and other processed goods are now available on Russia’s Wildberries online platform, creating new opportunities for e-commerce exports.

To support these efforts, 63 agricultural processing facilities were launched in 2025. These enterprises specialize in processing grain, fruit, berries, vegetables, milk, meat, fish, wool, and oilseeds, and many are integrated into trade and logistics centers.

Looking ahead, Kyrgyzstan plans to build 385 agricultural processing facilities by 2030. This expansion would enable the country to process up to 25% of its total agricultural output domestically, increasing the added value of exported goods.

On December 30, Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers Adylbek Kasymaliev approved the Cabinet’s Action Plan through 2030. The plan includes initiatives such as the creation of full-cycle livestock farms using feedlot technology, the expansion of organic farming to 202,000 hectares by 2029, support for domestic producers in meeting international quality standards, and the construction of agro-logistics centers to streamline consolidation and export of agricultural products.

07 Jan 2026

Central Asia, Home, Tajikistan, Tajikistan Features, Business & Economy, Tajikistan Home, Features

Independent Audit Raises Concerns Over Financial Reporting at Tajikistan’s Rogun Hydropower Plant

January 9, 2026
By Sadokat Jalolova

An independent audit of Tajikistan’s flagship Rogun Hydropower Plant (HPP) has flagged serious financial reporting concerns, including a possible understatement of the company’s share capital. The findings, cited by Asia-Plus from the auditor’s conclusion, point to broader risks in the management of one of Central Asia’s most ambitious infrastructure projects.

The audit, covering Rogun’s 2024 financial statements, was conducted by Baker Tilly Tajikistan, a registered member of the international Baker Tilly network. The auditors issued a qualified opinion, meaning they were unable to fully confirm the accuracy of the company’s accounts and highlighted several material issues. The audited report has been published on the official Rogun HPP website.

Among the key concerns, auditors stated they had not been involved in scheduled or annual inventories of cash, fixed assets, or other inventories as of December 31, 2024. This limited their ability to verify the existence and condition of parts of the company’s assets through alternative procedures, raising the risk of potential misstatements in the financial records.

The audit also noted that Rogun’s fixed assets had not been revalued in recent years, despite signs that their book value may significantly differ from their fair market value. Under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), such assets are required to be revalued periodically. The failure to do so may distort the company’s true financial position.

A particularly striking finding involved discrepancies in the company’s reported share capital. Rogun’s financial statements list share capital at 40.03 billion somoni, while the Unified State Register of Legal Entities records it at 45 billion somoni. The difference, 4.97 billion somoni, or approximately $540 million, may indicate that the company has understated its equity. According to the audit, Rogun’s management did not provide adequate documentation to support the lower figure.

As of the end of 2024, Rogun reported total assets of 49.48 billion somoni, up from the previous year. The bulk, 35.33 billion somoni, was classified as construction in progress, reflecting the plant’s ongoing development phase. The book value of fixed assets stood at 9.28 billion somoni, with most 2024 expenditures directed toward equipment and construction work.

The company reported 2024 revenues of 258.4 million somoni, primarily from electricity sales. However, operating costs exceeded income, totaling 367.4 million somoni, resulting in a net loss of 277.3 million somoni. This marks a modest improvement over 2023, when the net loss was 332.8 million somoni. The auditors described these losses as systemic, emphasizing that the plant has not yet reached full operational capacity.

Despite the loss, Rogun HPP generated a positive operating cash flow of more than 3.2 billion somoni in 2024. This was largely attributed to increased liabilities from founders and settlements with state institutions. Baker Tilly stressed that the company’s continued operation depends heavily on sustained government support, which is regularly allocated through Tajikistan’s state budget.

The auditors also issued a warning over material uncertainty regarding the company’s ability to continue as a going concern. However, Rogun’s management maintains that the project is a strategic national asset, vital to Tajikistan’s long-term energy security and plans for future electricity exports.

With an installed capacity of 3,780 megawatts, Rogun is expected to become the largest hydropower plant in Central Asia. Once fully operational, it is projected to generate over 14.5 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity annually. The final turbine is scheduled for commissioning in 2029.

07 Jan 2026

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Orthodox Christmas in Central Asia Highlights Faith, Tradition, and Tolerance

January 9, 2026
By Aliya Haidar

On January 7, Orthodox Christians in Central Asia and around the world celebrate Christmas. In the region, the holiday has become a symbol of religious and ethnic tolerance. Christmas is one of the most significant holidays for believers and is also cherished by many who are not religious. It is celebrated by billions globally. However, the majority of Orthodox Christians and Catholics do not observe Christmas on the same day.

While Christmas falls on January 7 for millions of Orthodox Christians in Central Asia, the holiday is marked not only by church services but also by official recognition, public celebrations, and interfaith messages—underscoring the region’s emphasis on religious coexistence.

In the early centuries of the Christian era, the Julian calendar was used universally, but, over time, astronomers found that the Julian calendar miscalculated the solar year’s length. As a result, it was replaced by the more accurate Gregorian calendar, which is now followed in most of the secular world. However, many Orthodox churches did not adopt the Gregorian reform. Consequently, many Orthodox Christians celebrate Christmas not on December 25, but 13 days later, on January 7.

Some interpreters of church law argue that the Julian calendar is sanctified by centuries of tradition. The Russian Orthodox Church, in particular, maintains that transitioning to the Gregorian calendar would violate canonical norms.

A Bright Holiday in Kazakhstan

In Kazakhstan, the Ascension Cathedral in Almaty is filled with worshippers on Christmas Eve. The cathedral is a spiritual, historical, and cultural landmark of the country.

The Zenkov (Ascension) Cathedral, Almaty; image: TCA, Stephen M. Bland

This year, Metropolitan Alexander, head of the Orthodox Church in Kazakhstan, conducted the divine liturgy at the cathedral, urging people to mark the holiday through acts of kindness.

“It would be wrong to celebrate Christmas if we do not share this joy with our neighbors, especially those in need of comfort and support. Let us strive to make this festive season truly bright and solemn for all of us, through good deeds, words of comfort and encouragement, compassion, and mercy. Let us extend a helping hand to those who mourn, encourage those who are discouraged, visit those who are sick, and remember those who are lonely,” said Metropolitan Alexander of Astana and Kazakhstan.

In Astana, Bishop Gennady of Kaskelen, administrator of the Metropolitan District, offered Christmas greetings and led a service at Uspensky Cathedral. Orthodox Christmas is a public holiday in Kazakhstan. Representatives of various faiths have emphasized that the day symbolizes peaceful coexistence among people of different nationalities and religions.

Christmas Carols and Religious Freedom

In Uzbekistan, Metropolitan Vikenty of Tashkent and Uzbekistan, head of the Central Asian Metropolitan District, led the Divine Liturgy at the Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Tashkent. The Orthodox community in Uzbekistan is estimated to number between 600,000 and a million. Religious observers note that the public celebration of Orthodox Christmas across Central Asia increasingly reflects a broader emphasis on social stability, interfaith dialogue, and state support for religious expression.

Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Tashkent

For believers, the ability to freely celebrate Christmas is seen as a sign of social stability. In February 2025, Uzbekistan adopted a new policy framework for ensuring freedom of conscience and guiding state policy in the religious sphere. The Bible Society of Uzbekistan welcomed the initiative, describing it as vital for fostering interfaith dialogue and upholding the principles of a secular state.

In Kyrgyzstan, a festive service was held at the Holy Resurrection Cathedral and the Church of St. Vladimir, Equal to the Apostles, in Bishkek.

Throughout Central Asia, Orthodox Christmas is traditionally celebrated with a festive meal. At the center of the holiday table is kutya (or sochivo), a dish made from wheat grains, nuts, honey, dried fruit, and poppy seeds. It symbolizes prosperity, family unity, and eternal life.

Kutya

Like Catholic and Protestant Christmas, Orthodox Christmas is viewed as a time of miracles. Christmas trees remain decorated in homes after New Year’s, and the celebratory mood continues. On Christmas Eve, Orthodox Christians often go caroling. After the church service, young people dress in costumes and visit neighbors, singing songs that offer wishes of health and happiness. Hosts typically offer them food and drink. Today, this custom is often performed theatrically and can even be seen in public places such as supermarkets.

Many folk beliefs and superstitions are also tied to the holiday. For example, families observe who first crosses the threshold of the home on the morning of January 7. If it is a man, the household is believed to be blessed with good luck and prosperity for the year. Christmas also typically marks the onset of a cold snap in Central Asia, which continues until the holiday of Epiphany.

Observed across borders and traditions, Orthodox Christmas in Central Asia blends faith, folklore, and public life, serving both as a sacred celebration and a reflection of the region’s diverse religious fabric.

07 Jan 2026

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The Dental Mafia in Kazakhstan: How Pension Funds Were Siphoned Off

January 7, 2026
By Vagit Ismailov

Kazakhstan’s Financial Monitoring Agency (FMA) is continuing its investigation into one of the country’s most high-profile financial crimes in recent years: the large-scale embezzlement of pension savings through fictitious dental services. Authorities allege that millions of dollars were siphoned from the Unified Accumulative Pension Fund (UAPF) via a sprawling criminal scheme involving dozens of dental clinics.

According to the FMA, the investigation is ongoing and centers on clinic managers and their accomplices. The alleged scheme involved the withdrawal of pension savings from the UAPF through formal contracts for dental procedures, backed by forged medical documents.

“For such ‘assistance,’ the organizers of the scheme received illegal remuneration amounting to 10% to 20% of the withdrawn funds,” the agency said.

In total, 42 dental clinics are implicated. Investigators estimate that more than $390 million was illicitly funneled through these entities. The funds were reportedly used to acquire luxury real estate and other high-value assets, as well as to open new dental clinics registered under front persons to obscure the identities of the real beneficiaries.

Some of the fabricated diagnoses were blatantly implausible. In one instance, a 21-year-old was diagnosed with “complete edentulism” (total tooth loss) and simultaneously prescribed both teeth cleaning and braces.

In response to the violations uncovered, Kazakhstan suspended the use of pension savings to pay for dental services as of September 15, 2025. The measure, though temporary, signals a tightening of regulatory oversight amid public outcry.

The program allowing partial use of pension savings for medical services was first introduced in 2021. It enabled citizens to access funds exceeding the so-called “sufficiency threshold” to pay for treatments, including expensive dental procedures such as prosthetics and implants.