Latest - The Times Of Central Asia

Viewing results 49 - 54 of 13913

Opinion: The Remittance Economy’s Promise: How Migration Could Support Women Entrepreneurs in Uzbekistan

Migration has become a major socio-economic process, substantially affecting Uzbekistan’s economic development and quality of life. The primary destination countries for labor migrants from Uzbekistan have been Russia, Kazakhstan, the Republic of Korea, and Turkey, as well as certain European and Asian countries. Remittances from migrants have become a major source of foreign currency inflows and a key form of economic support for households. Over time, they have raised economic activity and contributed to greater currency stability. In 2025, remittance inflows to Uzbekistan rose 28% compared to 2024, reaching $18.9 billion. Despite the positive growth of Uzbekistan’s economy, the country still faces limited employment opportunities. Although the unemployment rate dropped to 4.9% in the third quarter of 2025, a noticeable improvement, around 760,000 people remained unemployed and were looking for work. In 2025, the official average monthly salary in Uzbekistan was 6,376,700 soums (about $530 at the year-end exchange rate). This remains relatively low, pushing many working-age people to seek work abroad. When people picture remittances flowing into Central Asia, they usually imagine one scenario: the father who has gone abroad, sending his family in Uzbekistan “survival money” for rent, groceries, and school fees. In some small districts of Uzbekistan, however, this picture is starting to look different. That same money can now also become a source of opportunity: a sewing machine, a voucher for educational courses, or a business plan with a woman’s name on it. A Policy Shift Begins While remittances have substantially improved the living standards of recipient households and have become a crucial source of foreign currency for Uzbekistan, their effect on women is more complex. For some families, money sent home from abroad has been considered “out of the system.” These funds regularly supported family budgets, but financial institutions did not always recognize them as income. Recipients could lack the documented income or credit history needed to qualify for a loan, even when their families had received remittances for many years. However, a pilot program launched in March 2026 by the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) and the European Union in cooperation with Hamkorbank, one of Uzbekistan’s leading banks, aims to change the picture. According to IFAD, the program’s credit scoring model uses remittances to assess a borrower’s ability to repay a loan. This approach could be transformational for rural women who struggle to access credit directly. It could enable rural borrowers to access formal loans, invest in small businesses, and build a credit history. Alongside the financial support, 900 rural residents, at least 50% of whom will be women, will have access to business and financial literacy training. In addition, 100 participants will receive enterprise mentoring to help them run or scale up their businesses. Faces Behind the Numbers Women face many obstacles in accessing credit, finding employment, and launching a business. According to the World Bank, they own nearly a third of registered micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises in Uzbekistan but receive only about 14% of loans to those businesses. This may be due to limited collateral or...

Business & Economy Kazakhstan Business & Economy

Kazakhstan ICAO Develop Civil Aviation Master Plan Through 2050

Kazakhstan is working with the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) to develop a master plan for the country's aviation industry through 2050. The country aims to expand its international route network and increase air cargo traffic by capitalizing on its location between Europe and Asia. Saltanat Tompiyeva, chair of Kazakhstan's Civil Aviation Committee, announced the plan at the New Silk Way 2026 transport and logistics forum in Astana. In the first nine months of 2026, Kazakh airlines carried 12.4 million passengers, while the country's airports handled 136,500 tons of cargo. Kazakhstan's international route network covers 31 countries and 137 destinations. Since the beginning of the year, 24 new routes having been launched from Kazakhstan, including flights connecting Almaty with Chongqing and Warsaw, and Astana with Ulaanbaatar. According to Tompiyeva, the master plan will establish a long-term development framework for the aviation sector. To support domestic cargo carriers, Kazakhstan has introduced import incentives for certain categories of aircraft and intends to expand their access to international markets. Several airport development projects were also presented at the forum. Astana International Airport plans to build a second runway and expand its cargo infrastructure by 2035. There are also plans to build a second airport in Astana. In September, authorities signed a framework agreement with Singapore's Changi Airports International to cooperate on building the new airport and developing the existing one. Meanwhile, Aktau has plans for an aviation and logistics hub with projected investment of $400 million to $500 million and Karaganda Airport is developing the QarGo Hub project and aims to increase cargo throughput to 61,000 tons in 2026. The city is also home to Alatau Air Cargo, an airline established as KTZ Air Cargo in late 2025 and renamed in June 2026, which is preparing to launch cargo flights. SCAT Airlines also presented 12 investment projects to develop its hub in Shymkent, including airport infrastructure expansion and the establishment of aircraft maintenance facilities. Kazakhstan also plans to double its fleet of aircraft operated by Kazakh airlines by 2030.

Opinions Home Uzbekistan Uzbekistan Opinions International Affairs Uzbekistan International Affairs

Opinion: C5+1 in Samarkand: What Uzbekistan Expects and What Washington Wants

U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio has arrived in Uzbekistan with a delegation representing more than 200 American companies. He is attending a C5+1 ministerial meeting with the foreign ministers of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. The agenda includes regional connectivity, energy security, trade, private investment, and economic modernization. The visit brings the format back to its birthplace. The first C5+1 ministerial meeting was held in Samarkand on November 1, 2015, with then-Secretary of State John Kerry. The November 6, 2025, summit in Washington gave the relationship a substantial commercial dimension. Uzbekistan and the United States announced economic agreements and trade contracts worth approximately $34.5 billion. President Donald Trump also said Uzbekistan intended to purchase and invest more than $100 billion in the United States over the following decade. Samarkand is now hosting a ministerial meeting accompanied by a large business delegation. The immediate question is how much of the previously announced portfolio has moved toward financing and implementation. In late September, Uzbekistan's Minister of Investment, Industry, and Trade, Laziz Kudratov, valued the project portfolio with the United States at $35 billion, with approximately $7 billion already completed. On that accounting, about $28 billion remains. In my assessment, the strongest overlap between American and Uzbek interests lies in processing critical minerals inside Uzbekistan, using American financing and technology to serve international supply chains. Washington wants alternative sources of strategic materials. Tashkent wants investment in industrial production rather than simply exporting raw materials. Their positions are less closely aligned on technology and relations with Iran. Uzbekistan seeks access to American artificial intelligence infrastructure while maintaining cooperation with China. It also regards Iran as an important transit partner. Washington's approach to sensitive technologies and sanctions could complicate both ambitions. Another Uzbek priority is ending the application of the Jackson–Vanik Amendment to Uzbekistan, a U.S. trade-law provision dating from 1974 that continues to affect the legal framework for bilateral commerce. Rubio can support its repeal, but Congress must make the decision. Investment Deals The C5+1 format has become more commercially focused. At the Washington summit, the U.S. Department of Commerce organized a dedicated venue for business agreements and announced more than $25 billion in commercial deals involving the five Central Asian countries. Since the Washington summit, Uzbekistan has developed additional channels for economic cooperation with the United States. A bilateral Business and Investment Council has brought together officials and business representatives. Cooperation has also expanded into critical minerals, energy, infrastructure, and advanced manufacturing. In June 2026, Uzbekistan's Ministry of Investment, Industry, and Trade, its Fund for Reconstruction and Development, the U.S. International Development Finance Corporation (DFC), and the Export-Import Bank of the United States (EXIM) announced a joint investment platform. Uzbekistan has also adopted a critical minerals development program for 2026–2030, covering 120 projects valued at $4.2 billion. The first stage includes 12 projects worth $166 million, with plans to produce high-purity selenium, tellurium, and rhenium. These plans reflect Tashkent's industrial priorities. Uzbekistan wants foreign partners to help build processing facilities and...

Business & Economy Tajikistan Business Economy

Tajikistan Internet Link to China Launched Through the Pamirs

Tajikistan has opened a direct internet route to China through the high-altitude Pamir Mountains. The new fiber-optic link, with an initial capacity of up to 1 terabit per second (Tbps), gives the country another connection to international communications networks and reduces its dependence on transit through neighboring countries. The connection, built by state-owned Tajiktelecom and China Mobile International, was officially launched on October 17. The route runs from Dushanbe through Khorog, Kulma, and Karasu to Beijing. The Tajik section stretches 1,010 kilometers, including 435 kilometers through the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region. At Kulma Pass, more than 4,300 meters above sea level, the cable connects to China's network. In July 2026, Isfandiyor Sadullo, head of Tajikistan's Communications Service, said the international internet bandwidth available to the country had reached 500 gigabits per second (Gbps), double the level of the previous year. Plans call for increasing the new link's capacity tenfold. The connection always gives Tajiktelecom access to HKIX, a Hong Kong hub where international providers exchange internet traffic. This could give users and businesses in Tajikistan more direct access to overseas websites and services. Tajikistan also hopes the new connection will attract investment in data centers and cloud services, drawing on the country's hydropower resources. The launch comes just two days after Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan inaugurated a fiber-optic cable across the Caspian seabed. As previously reported by The Times of Central Asia, the approximately 380-kilometer link connects Aktau and Sumgait, providing an alternative route between Central Asia and the South Caucasus that bypasses Russian networks.

Life & Culture Kazakhstan Life & Culture

Kazakhstan Joins Alliance for Cultural Heritage in Asia as Observer

Kazakhstan has been granted observer status in the Alliance for Cultural Heritage in Asia, an organization established at China's initiative. The Ministry of Culture and Information announced the decision on October 18 following a meeting in Hangzhou. Representatives from more than 20 countries attended. Kazakhstan hopes to pursue joint archaeological research and use new technologies to preserve historical monuments. The alliance was established in 2023 and is headquartered in Beijing. It has operated as an intergovernmental organization since 2024. It focuses on preserving Asia's historical heritage, supporting archaeological expeditions, restoration projects, and the exchange of scientific data. Kazakhstan has joined as an observer for now, with the possibility of full membership remaining open. At the meeting in Hangzhou, Kazakhstan's Vice Minister of Culture and Information, Aibek Sydykov, proposed joint research into the Silk Road, training for restoration specialists, and the use of digital technologies and artificial intelligence to assess the condition of historical sites. Silk Road heritage sites are of particular interest to Kazakhstan. Kazakhstan is home to the remains of ancient settlements and archaeological complexes associated with this trade. Some are part of the UNESCO World Heritage property Silk Roads: the Routes Network of Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor, a transnational designation encompassing sites in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and China. The three countries already share obligations under UNESCO to preserve the Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor. In 2025, the World Heritage Committee called for outstanding management plans for the heritage sites to be completed and requested a joint report on their state of conservation by December 1, 2026. In March 2026, Kazakhstan announced that the Zharkent Mosque and Almaty's Ascension Cathedral had been added to UNESCO's Tentative List, an inventory of sites being considered for possible nomination to the World Heritage List.

Business & Economy Uzbekistan Uzbekistan Business & Economy

IT Park Uzbekistan Named Asia-Pacific’s Best Knowledge Zone

IT Park Uzbekistan won the Knowledge Zone of the Year – Asia-Pacific category at the Global Free Zones of the Year Awards 2026, organized by fDi Intelligence, a publication of the Financial Times Group. The awards assess economic zones on their ability to attract businesses and investment. The publication considered 16 knowledge zones worldwide, with Dubai Silicon Oasis in the United Arab Emirates winning the global title. According to Uzbekistan's Ministry of Digital Technologies, IT Park has more than 4,100 resident companies, including over 1,200 with foreign participation. Together, they employ more than 56,000 people. More than 1,100 companies export services to 102 countries, while IT Park companies exported $392.5 million in services in the first half of 2026, an increase of $90.3 million compared with the same period last year. IT Park statistics for the first half of 2026 show that North America was the largest export market for its resident companies, accounting for 54% of exports. Commonwealth of Independent States countries and other markets accounted for 22%, the European Union and the United Kingdom for 16%, and the Middle East and North Africa for 8%. In 2017, the export network covered just eight countries. The government has also invested in technology training. According to official figures, 1.7 million young people have participated in the One Million Uzbek Coders program, while 1.3 million have taken part in Five Million AI Leaders, an initiative focused on artificial intelligence (AI). More than 18 billion Uzbek soums (approximately $1.5 million) have been allocated to reimburse expenses for international information technology certification and training, benefiting 4,926 young professionals. Another 3.17 billion soums (approximately $263,000) was provided to educational institutions through the IT Talents program for training graduates who secured jobs with companies exporting digital services. In late 2025, the government launched the AI initiative, which provides free online courses. Universities are also establishing AI laboratories, with 20 currently operating. Other initiatives support young people and women in technology, including the ICT4Girls programming competition and startup incubators. Based on its Global Startup Ecosystem Index 2026, StartupBlink named Uzbekistan Country of the Year and identified it as the world's fastest-growing startup ecosystem. Its score in the ranking increased by 227.3% over the previous year, reflecting improvements in measures such as startup activity and the business environment rather than growth in employment or revenue. The country climbed 31 places over two years to rank 79th globally, while Tashkent placed 229th among cities. Analytics platform Dealroom estimated the combined value of the country's venture-backed startups at $4.3 billion. What remains unclear is how many participants in the government's training programs go on to find work in the technology sector. The 56,000 people employed by IT Park companies represent only part of the industry, while the training initiatives cover different levels of education and skills. The ministry's announcement offers no overall figures on participants' subsequent employment or earnings, making it difficult to assess the impact of these large-scale programs.