Page 2 – The Times Of Central Asia

13 Jun 2025

Business & Economy, Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan Business & Economy

Starlink Set to Launch Internet Services Nationwide in Kazakhstan

June 13, 2025
By Vagit Ismailov

Starlink, a subsidiary of Elon Musk’s SpaceX, will officially begin offering satellite internet services in Kazakhstan in the third quarter of 2025. The Ministry of Digital Development, Innovation, and Aerospace Industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan announced that an agreement has been signed with Starlink, ensuring compliance with national laws on information security and telecommunications.

Expanding Internet Access to Remote Areas

With this agreement, Kazakhstani users can now legally purchase and connect Starlink satellite terminals. Until now, the service had operated only in pilot mode, providing internet access exclusively to schools.

“Starlink was not previously available to the public. Now, after reaching this agreement, the company has committed to fully comply with our legislation on information security and communications,” said Digital Development Minister Jaslan Madiev.

The initiative is part of President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev’s directive under the national project Accessible Internet, which aims to close the digital divide. The project focuses on underserved areas, such as mountain villages, remote pastures, schools, and healthcare facilities, where laying fiber-optic infrastructure is logistically or economically impractical.

Starlink’s technology uses a constellation of low-Earth orbit satellites, positioned approximately 550 kilometers above the Earth, to deliver high-speed broadband with low latency, even in rural and hard-to-reach locations.

Background: A Long Road to Starlink

Kazakhstan’s engagement with Starlink began in 2023 when the government, frustrated by the lack of progress from domestic telecom operators, initiated direct negotiations with SpaceX. Then-Minister Bagdat Musin announced a partnership to provide internet connectivity to 2,000 rural schools..

“Lauren Dreyer and I informed the President that in schools where students only receive 4 megabits per second through outdated satellite dishes, we would bridge the gap within six months. Lauren Dreyer, Vice President of SpaceX and Elon Musk’s deputy, confirmed Starlink’s commitment,” Musin said at the Digital Bridge forum.

By April 2024, 447 rural schools were connected via Starlink. By July, that number had risen to 1,729.

Attempted Ban and Backlash

Despite the rollout’s success, in December 2024, the Ministry of Digital Development, Innovation and Aerospace Industry (MDDIAI) proposed banning Starlink and similar services. Citing Article 23 of the National Security Law, the ministry argued that Kazakhstan should prohibit telecommunications networks operated from outside the country.

The draft regulation targeted four companies, Inmarsat, Iridium, Thuraya, and Starlink, and was published for public comment on the Open Regulations website. It immediately drew widespread criticism. In response to the backlash, the proposal was withdrawn for revision.

13 Jun 2025

Home, Life & Culture, Kazakhstan Life & Culture, Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan Launches QR Code System for Foreign Visitors at Airports

June 13, 2025
By Sergey Kwan

Kazakhstan’s Ministry of Tourism and Sports, in collaboration with local authorities, has implemented a new QR code system at all international airports across the country. The initiative, announced by Minister of Tourism and Sports Yerbol Myrzabosynov, is designed to enhance the travel experience for foreign visitors by providing easy access to essential services.

According to the Ministry, the QR codes grant immediate access to:

Electronic SIM card services;
Licensed taxi operators;
Online hotel booking platforms;
Information regarding the registration of foreign citizens;
Details on major tourist attractions.

The primary goal of the system is to reduce the risk of fraud targeting tourists, particularly in areas such as transportation, mobile communications, and currency exchange, and to improve service quality throughout a visitor’s stay.

In 2024, Kazakhstan welcomed 15.3 million foreign nationals, of whom 10.4 million spent more than a day in the country and were officially classified as tourists.

The new digital system is part of broader efforts to create a safer, more convenient environment for international travelers, reinforcing Kazakhstan’s image as a tourist-friendly destination.

Kazakhstan currently offers visa-free entry to citizens of 87 countries, and an electronic visa application system is available to nationals of 107 countries.

13 Jun 2025

Environment, Kyrgyzstan Environment, Kyrgyzstan

Kyrgyzstan Urges Regional Unity to Combat Major Locust Outbreak

June 13, 2025
By Anton Chipegin

Kyrgyzstan has called for stronger regional cooperation among Central Asian countries in response to a large-scale locust infestation threatening vast areas of farmland.

According to the Ministry of Water Resources, Agriculture, and Processing Industry of Kyrgyzstan, surveys across 114,000 hectares of agricultural land revealed locust presence on nearly two-thirds of the area. More than 74,000 hectares have already been treated with pesticides.

“Locusts are herbivorous insects capable of forming large migratory swarms under favorable population and climate conditions. These swarms can devastate entire crop fields within days,” the ministry warned.

The infestation is particularly severe in southern Kyrgyzstan, where early harvest cycles and warmer weather provide ideal breeding conditions. Mobile task forces and trained specialists are actively monitoring and treating affected areas. Operations are expected to continue through August, coinciding with the end of the locusts’ life cycle.

To coordinate a broader response, Kyrgyz authorities have reached agreements with Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. The trilateral effort aims to:

Implement international phytosanitary standards
Enhance data sharing on locust distribution and life cycles
Coordinate pesticide application in cross-border agricultural zones

Uzbekistan has introduced a new electronic tracking platform that records egg-laying sites and treatment zones. This system improves monitoring of locust movements and helps mitigate the risk of transboundary migration.

The initiative underscores growing regional concerns over food security, as shifting climate patterns increase the frequency and severity of locust outbreaks across Central Asia.

In Bishkek, concerned residents have recently reported a rise in sightings of large insects resembling locusts. However, agricultural experts have clarified that these are bush crickets (Tettigoniidae), which are harmless to crops and humans.

“These solitary insects have long antennae and, particularly in younger specimens, underdeveloped wings. Unlike true locusts, they do not form destructive swarms,” the ministry stated.

The Kyrgyz government continues to treat infested areas and has urged farmers and local communities to promptly report new sightings. Officials emphasized that coordinated regional action is essential to contain the outbreak and safeguard agricultural productivity.

As summer advances, Central Asia is expected to face further agricultural and ecological challenges, underscoring the need for real-time data sharing and cross-border pest management strategies.

13 Jun 2025

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The Ripple Effects of the Israel-Iran Conflict on Central Asia

June 14, 2025
By Stephen M. Bland

The Israel-Iran conflict has escalated dramatically, with Israel launching large-scale strikes on Iranian nuclear facilities and military targets, including the killing of top Iranian commanders and nuclear scientists. Characterizing these attacks as a “declaration of war,” Iran has retaliated by deploying approximately 100 drones toward Israeli territory, which have been intercepted. The strikes, part of Israel’s “Operation Rising Lion,” aim to neutralize what it perceives as an existential threat from Iran’s nuclear ambitions. The situation has triggered reactions globally, with heightened tensions and calls for de-escalation. Meanwhile, in an interview with ABC News, U.S. President Trump called the strikes “excellent” and vowed there was “more to come. A lot more.”

The rapidly escalating conflict between Israel and Iran will undoubtedly exert a tangible influence on Central Asia, a region that shares both historical and geographic proximity to Iran. Turkmenistan, which directly borders Iran, is at the forefront, demonstrating how Central Asia sits strategically within a broader landscape of global power struggles.

Geopolitical Tensions Within Reach

Central Asia’s geographic and political ties to Iran make the region a key area of influence for Tehran. Iran’s relationship with Turkmenistan, grounded in a shared border and energy cooperation, highlights its immediate relevance. Turkmenistan and Iran collaborate on trade and natural gas exports, ensuring intertwined economies. However, these connections make Central Asia exposed to the consequences of Tehran’s ambitions, particularly as tensions with Israel spill over.

Israel, meanwhile, has been steadily cultivating its influence in the region through strategic partnerships. Its strong alliance with Azerbaijan, Iran’s neighboring competitor to the north, has allowed Israel to counter Tehran’s reach. Additionally, Israel has deepened ties with Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, offering expertise in cutting-edge technologies in agriculture, water-saving technologies, defense, and cybersecurity. This influence balances Iran’s predominance but risks elevating the regional stakes should the conflict further intensify.

The nations of Central Asia are navigating a multitude of competing external pressures close to home, relying on multi-vector diplomacy to manage relationships with Iran, Israel, Russia, China, and the West.

Economic Interdependence and Vulnerabilities

Central Asia’s landlocked geography makes trade routes essential, with Iran serving as a critical gateway to global markets. The Bandar Abbas port facilitates the export of Central Asian goods, particularly for Turkmenistan. In January, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Russia, and Iran reaffirmed their commitment to increasing cargo transportation along the North-South transport corridor. However, sanctions on Tehran and the conflict’s unpredictability cast uncertainty over these vital corridors.

The Chabahar port, developed in partnership with India, is another crucial lifeline for trade. Unlike Pakistan’s China-aligned Gwadar port, Chabahar links Central Asia to the Indian Ocean, offering a more stable and independent trade route. For nations like Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, the port diversifies transit options and reduces reliance on routes controlled by Russia or China.

Social Dynamics and Security Challenges

Culturally and religiously, Sunni-majority countries like Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan remain alert to both Iranian propaganda and organizations like Hamas, which are considered destabilizing actors. Governments actively look to suppress rhetoric or movements that could spark unrest, prioritizing internal stability.

Cross-border dynamics, especially in Turkmenistan, amplify these issues. Reports of Iranian proxies recruiting militants from Central Asia emphasize the region’s growing security concerns. Late last year, the authorities in Israel labeled the murder of Rabbi Zvi Kagan in the UAE, purportedly carried out by three Uzbek nationals, an act of “terrorism”.

In September 2024, meanwhile, Uzbekistan backed a UN General Assembly resolution calling for Israel to withdraw its forces from occupied Palestinian territories, whilst in November the Kyrgyz authorities were signatories to a Turkish call for an arms embargo against Israel.

Global Powers and Their Roles

Central Asia’s geopolitical relevance ensures interest from larger powers. Russia’s coordination with Iran underpins Tehran’s position in the region, though Moscow’s focus on Ukraine has somewhat diluted its influence. China, conversely, prioritizes stability to safeguard its Belt and Road Initiative, steering clear of deep involvement in the Middle East but subtly opposing U.S.-backed dynamics.

For the United States, Central Asia offers a frontier to challenge Iranian and Russian influence. Through its C5+1 framework, Washington has sought to foster partnerships and mitigate Tehran’s regional power, while aligning with Israel as a key Middle Eastern ally.

Regional Responses to the Escalation

The Central Asian nations have reacted cautiously to the growing conflict. Kazakhstan’s embassy in Tel Aviv has issued safety advisories for its citizens, emphasizing the importance of following Israeli Home Front Command directives, staying vigilant, and utilizing emergency hotlines. Kazakh airlines, including Air Astana and FlyArystan, have rerouted flights to avoid Iranian and Iraqi airspace, impacting popular routes to destinations such as Dubai and Doha.

Uzbekistan’s Foreign Ministry has released similar warnings, urging its citizens in both Iran and Israel to remain cautious, carry essential documents, and follow instructions from the local authorities. Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan have yet to issue any formal statements but are said to remain on high alert.

A Delicate Equation for Central Asia

For Central Asia, and particularly Turkmenistan, with its direct border to Iran, the Israel-Iran conflict is neither distant nor abstract. The region’s proximity to this escalating rivalry amplifies its need for strategic diplomacy. Iran’s trade networks and energy links remain vital, while Israel offers modernization and technological advancements. Balancing these competing relationships without being drawn into broader conflicts will require calculated neutrality and adaptable policies.

As tensions mount, Central Asian nations face both risks and opportunities. Protecting sovereignty, fostering balanced foreign relations, and preparing for potential regional disruptions are critical as the world watches this volatile situation unfold, with Central Asia occupying a crucial intersection.

13 Jun 2025

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Central Asia Responds to Escalation Between Israel and Iran

June 14, 2025
By Vagit Ismailov

Following extensive Israeli airstrikes on Iranian territory, defined by the Israeli military as a “preventive action” targeting Tehran’s nuclear infrastructure, Central Asian governments have begun responding to the escalating conflict by reinforcing security protocols for their citizens in the region.

Kazakhstan: Embassy Issues Guidelines for Citizens in Israel

The Embassy of the Republic of Kazakhstan in Tel Aviv has issued an official advisory to Kazakh citizens residing in or visiting Israel. The statement recommends:

Adhering strictly to instructions from the Israeli Home Front Command;
Maintaining heightened vigilance;
Monitoring verified news and official announcements;
Staying in regular contact with the Kazakh diplomatic mission.

Emergency hotlines have also been activated to provide immediate assistance to nationals.

Uzbekistan: Warning to Citizens in Iran and Israel

Uzbekistan’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs has released a public advisory urging citizens in both Iran and Israel to exercise maximum caution. Recommendations include:

In Iran, being prepared to take shelter in designated bomb shelters;
In Israel, strictly following the directives of local authorities and the military;
Keeping identification documents and embassy contact information readily accessible;
Following updates through official and verified information channels.

The Foreign Ministry emphasized that the security situation remains volatile and requires prompt attention from Uzbek citizens in the affected areas.

Airlines Reroute to Avoid Conflict Zone

Kazakh carriers Air Astana and FlyArystan have altered several flight routes to avoid Iranian and Iraqi airspace, which has been closed amid rising tensions. Destinations affected include Dubai, Doha, Sharm El-Sheikh, Manama, and Medina. Passengers are advised to check their flight status in advance, as changes to departure and arrival times are expected.

Regional Watch: Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan

As of June 13, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan have not issued formal statements regarding the conflict. However, diplomatic sources report that embassies and consulates across the region have been placed on high alert and are closely monitoring developments.

Earlier today, the Israeli military confirmed the launch of a military operation targeting what it described as “dozens of strategic sites” in Iran, including suspected nuclear facilities. Tehran has condemned the strikes and pledged a “harsh and symmetrical response.” The international community has expressed growing concern that the conflict could broaden, destabilizing the wider region.

13 Jun 2025

Business & Economy, Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan Business & Economy

Kazakhstan’s E-Commerce Sector Expands Fivefold Since 2020

June 13, 2025
By Dmitry Pokidaev

Kazakhstan’s e-commerce sector reached a volume of approximately KZT 3.2 trillion ($6.2 billion) in 2024, marking a fivefold increase since 2020, according to Deputy Minister of Trade and Integration Aset Nusupov. The announcement was made at the Astana International Trade Forum.

Nusupov emphasized that digital trade has become a strategic pillar of Kazakhstan’s economic development, export diversification, and integration into global value chains. “At the end of 2024, e-commerce in Kazakhstan amounted to about KZT 3.2 trillion, with volumes increasing fivefold since 2020,” he stated. “The potential for growth remains high, given our strong digital infrastructure, advanced fintech ecosystem, and more than 8 million young, active users.”

E-commerce currently accounts for 14.1% of Kazakhstan’s total retail trade. The Ministry aims to raise this figure to 18.5% by 2029, more than double the current level. Authorities acknowledge that the COVID-19 pandemic served as a major catalyst for growth in the sector, as lockdowns and social distancing measures accelerated the shift toward contactless commerce.

Nusupov highlighted the sector’s global trajectory, noting that roughly 30% of the world’s population now shops online. The global e-commerce market is valued at $6.3 trillion as of 2024 and is expected to grow to $8.3 trillion in the coming years.

Kazakhstan’s participation in this trend has had tangible economic benefits. According to the deputy minister, the country’s trade deficit in services, reflecting a surplus of imports over exports, fell from $3.65 billion in 2016 to $1.81 billion in 2023, partly due to the expansion of e-commerce.

To maintain momentum, Kazakhstan has adopted a national plan for e-commerce development through 2027. The strategy prioritizes legislative reform, educational programs, financial support for entrepreneurs, and investment in logistics infrastructure. Legislative initiatives aim to strengthen consumer protection and establish regulatory parity between online and offline retail sectors.

Kazakhstan is also engaged in international efforts to expand cross-border e-commerce. Meanwhile, as previously reported by The Times of Central Asia, domestic debates continue over increasing taxation on foreign e-commerce platforms, an issue that has gained traction in recent years.