Page 554 – The Times Of Central Asia

27 Sep 2024

Environment, Central Asia, Kazakhstan Environment, Home, Life & Culture, Kazakhstan Life & Culture, Kazakhstan, Features, Kazakhstan Featurees

Tigers Return to Kazakhstan: A New Home for Bogdana and Kuma

October 3, 2024
By Aliya Haidar

A pair of Amur tigers from the Netherlands has been brought to Kazakhstan; tigers are not the only animals that Kazakhstan is getting back.

A few days ago, a long-awaited pair of tigers, bred in a special reserve in the Netherlands, arrived in Kazakhstan. Online, some worried that the tigers would not survive in the harsh climate, or would attack livestock and people. According to WWF Netherlands wildlife expert, Geert Poleta, these fears are unfounded.

For several years now, the international NGO, the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), together with the Government of Kazakhstan, has been implementing a program to return tigers to Pribalkhashye. The Amur tiger is a relative of the extinct Turanian breed. Historically, the habitat of the Turanian tiger in the country was reed thickets and floodplain forests along the banks of the Ili and Syr Darya rivers. The extermination of the animal began during the time of the Russian Empire, and the last Kazakh tiger was killed in 1948. Decades later, wild cats are returning to Kazakhstan.

As experts point out, this event is an essential step in restoring the ecosystem and lost biodiversity. Bogdana and Kuma, the names of the Amur tigers, flew for more than a day from the Dutch Holy Lion specialized center for predators at the Landgoed Hoenderdaell Zoo to the Ile-Balkhash State Nature Reserve. Permanent caretakers accompanied them.

At the Dutch zoo, “the animals were kept in separate spacious enclosures with minimal contact with visitors,” Gert Polet, a wildlife expert at WWF Netherlands explained. “Thanks to the spacious territory of the center, the tigers had their own area to live in the most natural conditions possible. In the summer of 2024, a Memorandum was signed between the Committee of Forestry and Wildlife of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Dutch center, which provides for the free transfer of two tigers to Kazakhstan for further breeding and the release of their offspring.”

There is no need to fear that the big cats will harm residents in their new and unfamiliar conditions, as they will be kept under strict supervision. “Zoo tigers cannot be returned to the wild. The arriving tigers will never leave the territory of their enclosure. They were brought in for breeding and raising offspring. If the tiger’s birth project is successful, the adults will be moved to another enclosure, located at a center of the reserve which will be open to visitors,” Polet stated. He believes that Bogdana and Kuma have a 60% chance of having cubs.

Tiger cubs born in the enclosure of the Ile-Balkhash reserve will be reared following international standards and protocols. At one and a half to two years old, they will be prepared for release into the wild.

In addition, the new residents of the reserve will be monitored constantly by video and cared for by a dedicated member of staff. “Over the past year, a veterinarian from the Zholbarys Association has been trained in various clinics and zoos in Russia. She also visited the zoo where our tigers were kept. The Kazakhstani specialist underwent a full course of educational training on the care and supervision of tigers. The staff of the animal rehabilitation center shared their extensive experience with her. She was the first to meet Kuma and Bogdana, studied their condition in detail, and familiarized herself with all stages of their care. The veterinarian has the best knowledge of these tigers,” said Polet.

“This is certainly a momentous and historic event – part of an ambitious program by the Government of Kazakhstan, supported by the WWF and UNDP, to restore the Ile-Balkhash River Delta ecosystem and reintroduce tigers to the region. These predators became extinct in Kazakhstan more than 70 years ago, and now the whole world is witnessing this incredible event,” he added.

The relocation of the tigers is an important step not only in terms of returning the big cats to their historical homeland, but also towards restoring a sustainable ecosystem which will benefit both people and nature. This project symbolizes global efforts to conserve biodiversity and maintain an ecological balance.

Minister of Ecology and Natural Resources Yerlan Nysanbayev also discussed plans to reintroduce tigers to Kazakhstan. According to Nysanbayev, the WWF is financing the program, and although the pair will not be released, “their resulting offspring will be adapted to the conditions already in the wild. In addition, next year, we expect to receive three or four tigers from Russia.”

In 2018, Kazakhstan created the Ile-Balkhash reserve with an area of more than 415,000 hectares, which will be home not only to wild cats, but to other rare and threatened animals. In 2022, about 50 kulans (Asiatic wild ass) were transported from the Altyn-Emel National Park to the Ile-Balkhash reserve. For their adaptation, the animals were placed in a special enclosure with an area of 22 hectares.

Five Bukhara deer have also previously been brought in. The reintroduction of deer on the reserve began back in 2018, and subsequently, for the first time, five ungulates were released onto the enclosure. Now, their number has increased to more than a hundred individuals. UNDP project expert in Kazakhstan, Aiman Omarbekova has stated that the second stage of the transportation of kulans to the reserve territory will begin this year with 35 animals being delivered.

26 Sep 2024

Central Asia, Local Politics, Kyrgyzstan, Kyrgyzstan Local Politics, Business & Economy, Kyrgyzstan Business & Economy

By End of Year, Kyrgyz Authorities Want to Insure All Houses in the Country

September 26, 2024
By Anton Chipegin

The Chairman of the Kyrgyzstan Cabinet of Ministers, Akylbek Japarov, instructed specialized government agencies to ensure the safety of all houses in the country, especially those in mudflow-prone areas.

At the meeting devoted to natural disaster risk management, Japarov assigned specialized government agencies to ensure the safety of all houses in Kyrgyzstan. Thus, according to the head of the Cabinet of Ministers, the authorities will provide financial protection to citizens in case of natural disasters.

This year, powerful mudslides flooded the south of Kyrgyzstan and the Issyk-Kul region. Over 5,000 households, dozens of social facilities, and hundreds of kilometers of roads were damaged.

“Insurance will provide financial protection for citizens in such situations and minimize the consequences for families who lost their homes. Insurance will be an important tool to help people recover faster from natural disasters and reduce the burden on the state budget,” Japarov said.

The head of the Cabinet emphasized that due to global warming, the number of natural disasters will continue to grow. Compulsory home insurance will ensure protection for citizens.

It should be noted that the law on compulsory real estate insurance came into force in Kyrgyzstan on August 26, 2024. According to the law, residents must insure their real estate against fire and natural disasters.

The State Insurance Organization (SIO) explained to The Times of Central Asia that legislative changes would be implemented gradually. The law on compulsory home insurance was first adopted in 2016, but the authorities postponed its implementation. There is no system of fines for lack of such insurance, at least not yet.

“It is not profitable for private firms to engage in home insurance, as the rate is only 0.12%. That is, the cost of insurance is KGS 600 ($8), while payouts can be multi-million: KGS 500,000 ($6,000) for a village and KGS 1 mln ($12,000) for a city. Today in Kyrgyzstan, 143 thousand residences are insured,” the SIO noted.

26 Sep 2024

Home, Silk Road Treasures, Tajikistan Life & Culture, Uzbekistan, Life & Culture, Uzbekistan Features, Tajikistan, Tajikistan Features, Features, Uzbekistan Life & Culture

British Museum Opens Silk Roads Show – With Help from Uzbekistan, Tajikistan

September 26, 2024
By Times of Central Asia

The British Museum opened Silk Roads to the public on Thursday, delivering a highly anticipated exhibition about the vast, interlocking routes that connected cultures across Asia, Africa and Europe for centuries and includes ancient chess pieces and other items on loan from Uzbekistan as well as Tajikistan.

The show, which runs until Feb. 23, 2025, aims to get beyond traditional notions of spices, camels and sand dunes, as well as the misconception that there was one “Silk Road” – a single pathway that ran across Central Asia, linking traders in the West with those in the East. While the Silk Roads network lasted for millennia, the British Museum is focusing on the period between AD 500 and 1,000, when contacts accelerated and religions and technology flourished across far-flung regions.

“Rather than a single trade route from East to West, the Silk Roads were made up of overlapping networks linking communities across Asia, Africa and Europe, from East Asia to Britain, and from Scandinavia to Madagascar,” the museum says in its introduction to the London show.

The British Museum worked with 29 national and international partners on the exhibition, which includes objects from Uzbekistan and Tajikistan that have never been on display in Britain and highlight the importance of Central Asia to the continent-sweeping saga of the Silk Roads.

Uzbekistan, home to Khiva, Bukhara and Samarkand and other sites associated with the ancient network, is a big player in the exhibition. It is lending “the oldest group of chess pieces ever found” and a six-meter-long wall painting from the ‘Hall of the Ambassadors’ in Afrasiab, an ancient spot in Samarkand, according to the Uzbekistan Art and Culture Development Foundation.

“The painting evokes the cosmopolitanism of the Sogdians from Central Asia who were great traders during this period,” the state foundation said.

Saida Mirziyoyeva, a daughter of Uzbek President Shavkat Mirziyoyev and a senior presidential aide, attended the exhibition roll-out this week.

“A must-see for anyone passionate about Silk Road history!” she said on X.

The National Museum in Tajikistan, which started working with the British Museum on plans for Silk Roads in 2022, has said it is lending items “related to the Buddhist culture of the 7th and 8th centuries, found in the monuments of Ajinateppa, Kafarnihon, and Vakhsh.”

Objects on display include a Buddha figurine found in Sweden; an Islamic-style map drawn for the Christian king of Sicily; a Chinese ceramic dish found in a shipwreck in Indonesia; a gilded silver cup whose components indicate links between Scotland and West Asia; a gold shoulder clasp with Indian garnets that was found at the Sutton Hoo ship burial in Suffolk; and a gold bowl found in Romania that was linked to the Avars, an originally nomadic group from the northeast Asian steppe.

The exhibition is not just about physical objects. There are also stories about an African king, a Chinese princess and other characters whose lives were connected to the Silk Roads, and insights into religious encounters and the spread of knowledge that occurred across the centuries.

26 Sep 2024

Central Asia, Environment, Home, Uzbekistan, Uzbekistan Features, Uzbekistan Business & Economy, Business & Economy, Features, Uzbekistan International Affairs, Uzbekistan Local Politics

Mirziyoyev Proposes Green Energy Development Program for Central Asia

September 26, 2024
By Sadokat Jalolova

On September 25-26, the annual meeting of the Board of Directors of the Asian Infrastructural Investment Bank (AIIB) was held in Samarkand, Uzbekistan.

The ninth meeting of the Board was devoted to the theme “Creating Sustainable Infrastructure for All.” Current issues on the agenda of the global economy were considered, and strategic programs and plans for infrastructure development in Asia and other regions of the world were discussed.

About 2,000 representatives from more than 100 countries participated in the summit.

Uzbekistan became a member of AIIB in November 2016, and in recent years, it has become one of the bank’s biggest beneficiaries.

Uzbek President Shavkat Mirziyoyev gave a speech on the first day of the meeting.

“The complex geopolitical situation, global economic instability, food and energy resources scarcity, poverty, and environmental problems are becoming increasingly acute. For instance, the average global temperature is projected to rise by 1.5 degrees Celsius by 2040; however, we are concerned that, based on current trends, this could happen as early as 2030.
A quarter of the world’s population lacks clean drinking water. As climate change accelerates, food shortages have become a global threat. As a result, about 800 million people in the world live in extreme poverty,” Mirziyoyev said.

Mirziyoyev noted that the poverty rate in Uzbekistan has been reduced from 23% to 11%. This year, the aim is to reduce this indicator to 9%, and by 2030, it will be halved.

Furthermore, in the last eight years, the enrollment of children in preschool education has increased from 27% to 74%, and higher education has increased from 9% to 38%. It plans to invest $2 billion to open 100 new schools of the most advanced standards in all cities and villages yearly.

Another issue that Mirziyoyev paid attention to is logistics, interruptions in the product supply chain, and the increase in the price of raw materials and consumer goods. The head of state noted that all this will sharply increase the load on the existing infrastructure and will be a significant obstacle to global economic development.

According to experts, by 2030, the world will need $15 trillion of investment for new infrastructure. Also, foreign investments have decreased by 10% over the past two years, and the value of financial resources globally has almost doubled.

Mirziyoyev said that projects worth $200 million for developing medium-sized cities and $130 million for improving infrastructure in rural areas are launched in cooperation with the AIIB.

To develop the “green” economy, it is aimed to reach 40% of “green” energy sources by 2030. In the coming years, another 18 gigawatts of solar and wind power, 3 gigawatts of hydropower plants, 5 gigawatts of energy storage capacity, and $5 billion worth of power grids will be implemented.

“I would like to note that neighboring countries have also started major projects on renewable energy. We are taking great steps to make Central Asia, a rich renewable energy source, a major exporter of ‘green’ energy into world energy markets in the coming years. In this regard, I would like to emphasize that the project for the construction of the Transcaspian Energy Route has great potential.” Mirziyoyev proposed implementing the “green” energy development program in Central Asia under the leadership of the AIIB.

He noted that the problems of food security and shortage of water resources are becoming particularly acute in Central Asia. Uzbekistan has started big projects to save 15 billion cubic meters of water by increasing water efficiency by 25% in the next five years. “But solving the water problem requires the countries’ cooperation from the region and international financial organizations. Therefore, I would like to promote the establishment of a regional center for the wide implementation of water-saving technologies in cooperation with the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank. I think our neighbors will also support this initiative,” Mirziyoyev concluded.

26 Sep 2024

Cultural Heritage, Turkmenistan Life & Culture, Life & Culture, Turkmenistan International Affairs, Turkmenistan, Turkmenistan Features

Turkmen Designers Present Their Works at an Evening of Art in Brussels

October 8, 2024
By Times of Central Asia

An evening dedicated to Turkmen art and traditions, organized by the Embassy of Turkmenistan within the framework of cultural exchange, was held in Brussels. The event brought together cultural sector representatives from Central Asia and Europe, including fashion and art figures.

The Ambassador of Turkmenistan to Belgium, Sapar Palvanov, opened the meeting, noting that Turkmen culture is a heritage that needs to be protected and passed on to new generations. The diplomat emphasized the role of cultural diplomacy as a means of strengthening ties between peoples. “Culture has always been a neutral sphere that unites people,” Palvanov stated.

An essential part of the program was a speech dedicated to the 300th anniversary of the great poet, Makhtumkuli. The Ambassador spoke about how his ideas continue to inspire not only Turkmen, but people of other nations, influencing Turkmenistan’s cultural ties with Europe.

The evening’s guests were presented with the works of talented Turkmen designers, Sheker Akiniyazova, Shemshat Tachmammedova, and Ogulbeg Berdimiradov. Their collections combined traditional elements with modern fashion. The designers also participated in the Brussels cultural program and presented at European institutions.

Elena Kharitonova, founder of Caravan Cultura CreArt Agency in the Netherlands who co-organized the event emphasized the preservation of cultural values through modern projects and her support for young Turkmen designers.

26 Sep 2024

Home, Uzbekistan, Uzbekistan Opinions, Opinions

Uzbekistan’s Path to Reform: Navigating the 2024 Elections with a New Electoral System

October 29, 2024
By Times of Central Asia

Uzbekistan’s upcoming parliamentary elections, scheduled for October 27, 2024, mark an important step in the country’s political evolution. These elections will fill 150 seats in the Legislative Chamber, the lower house of the Oliy Majlis, and determine the composition of various regional, district, and city councils. In addition, 65 members of the Supreme Council of the Autonomous Republic of Karakalpakstan will also be elected. These elections are notable not only because of their timing — shifting from December to October under a 2021 reform — but also due to the adoption of a mixed electoral system that was introduced in December 2023. This shift represents an important evolution from the previous majority-based system, introducing a balance between majority and proportional representation, which will shape the composition of Uzbekistan’s Legislative Chamber.

The new system reflects a broader attempt at political reform and modernization. Of the 150 seats, 75 will be decided through single-mandate districts, where the candidate with the most votes will win, while the remaining 75 will be allocated proportionally based on party results. Uzbekistan’s political landscape, however, remains limited, with only five officially registered parties. In the 2019 elections, the Liberal Democratic Party (UzLiDeP), which is closely linked to the presidency, won the most seats. While this mixed system represents a potential step forward, challenges persist in terms of political pluralism and genuine competition.

Uzbekistan, in its journey toward stronger democratic practices, can find inspiration in the electoral processes of other established democracies, particularly India — the world’s largest democracy. India’s electoral system, honed over decades, has become a model for managing elections in a complex and diverse society. The parallels between Uzbekistan’s emerging political landscape and India’s robust democratic traditions offer an opportunity for learning and adaptation.