Uzbekistan has taken a major step toward diversifying its financial sector with the approval of a draft law on Islamic banking in its first reading. Lawmakers in the legislative chamber of the parliament, the Oliy Majlis, debated the bill during a session held on September 16.
The initiative is part of the government’s broader effort to expand access to financial services for citizens and businesses, attract foreign investment, and create new mechanisms for economic support. To this end, the draft proposes amendments to the Tax Code, Civil Code, and eight other laws.
The bill formally introduces into legislation the concepts of Islamic banks, financial operations, standards, and investment deposits. It also outlines a licensing regime allowing for the establishment of either fully-fledged Islamic banks or Islamic “windows” within existing conventional banks. Permitted financial instruments will include murabaha, mudaraba, musharaka, wakala, and salam, contracts widely used in Islamic finance.
Abrorkhoja Turdaliev, Deputy Chairman of the Central Bank, stated that the reforms go beyond removing legal barriers and are aimed at building the institutional foundations of Islamic finance. He highlighted the need to establish dedicated councils, audit bodies, and accounting systems to ensure compliance with Islamic financial principles. The bill also includes provisions for a special tax regime tailored to Islamic finance operations.
Turdaliev noted that Islamic banking prohibits the charging of interest, the financing of activities forbidden under Islamic law, and excessive uncertainty in contracts. Instead, it emphasizes partnership and risk-sharing. To support this model, the draft law would eliminate restrictions that currently prevent banks from directly participating in trade or acquiring equity stakes in companies.
Drawing on international experience from Malaysia, Turkey, the UAE, and neighboring countries, the proposed legal framework seeks to build a modern infrastructure for Islamic finance in Uzbekistan. “This law will provide legal grounds for establishing Islamic banks, Islamic windows, and microfinance institutions, thereby expanding access to alternative financial services and introducing new tools to support business,” Turdaliev said.
