• KGS/USD = 0.01145 0%
  • KZT/USD = 0.00186 0%
  • TJS/USD = 0.10693 0%
  • UZS/USD = 0.00008 0%
  • TMT/USD = 0.28490 0%
  • KGS/USD = 0.01145 0%
  • KZT/USD = 0.00186 0%
  • TJS/USD = 0.10693 0%
  • UZS/USD = 0.00008 0%
  • TMT/USD = 0.28490 0%
  • KGS/USD = 0.01145 0%
  • KZT/USD = 0.00186 0%
  • TJS/USD = 0.10693 0%
  • UZS/USD = 0.00008 0%
  • TMT/USD = 0.28490 0%
  • KGS/USD = 0.01145 0%
  • KZT/USD = 0.00186 0%
  • TJS/USD = 0.10693 0%
  • UZS/USD = 0.00008 0%
  • TMT/USD = 0.28490 0%
  • KGS/USD = 0.01145 0%
  • KZT/USD = 0.00186 0%
  • TJS/USD = 0.10693 0%
  • UZS/USD = 0.00008 0%
  • TMT/USD = 0.28490 0%
  • KGS/USD = 0.01145 0%
  • KZT/USD = 0.00186 0%
  • TJS/USD = 0.10693 0%
  • UZS/USD = 0.00008 0%
  • TMT/USD = 0.28490 0%
  • KGS/USD = 0.01145 0%
  • KZT/USD = 0.00186 0%
  • TJS/USD = 0.10693 0%
  • UZS/USD = 0.00008 0%
  • TMT/USD = 0.28490 0%
  • KGS/USD = 0.01145 0%
  • KZT/USD = 0.00186 0%
  • TJS/USD = 0.10693 0%
  • UZS/USD = 0.00008 0%
  • TMT/USD = 0.28490 0%
13 August 2025

Kazakhstan’s Vast Coal Reserves Could Fuel Energy Needs for Centuries

Kazakhstan’s coal reserves are expected to last between 200 and 300 years, depending on the rate of extraction, according to an analytical study by the Caspian Commodity Exchange.

The study notes that Kazakhstan ranks among the world’s top ten countries for proven coal reserves, estimated at 25 to 33 billion tons, and eighth in terms of production. In 2023, the country produced 112.7 million tons of coal, followed by 109.8 million tons in 2024. Exports for those years totaled 31.9 million tons and 29.5 million tons, respectively. At current production rates, reserves could last for 300 years; if output increases, they would last at least 200 years.

About 25 companies operate in Kazakhstan’s coal sector, with 75% of production concentrated among four major players: Bogatyr Komir LLP (about 40% of the market), Euro-Asian Energy Corporation (EEC), Shubarkol Komir JSC, and Qarmet (formerly ArcelorMittal Temirtau JSC). Domestic consumption accounts for 72% of coal use, with the remainder exported, mainly to Russia, which takes about two-thirds of supplies. In 2023, Kazakhstan ranked among the top five coal suppliers to the EU, holding an 8.7% market share, according to the European Commission.

The power sector is the largest domestic consumer, using 59% of coal, followed by households (8%) and industry (5%). Coal makes up roughly 50% of the country’s primary energy consumption. In 2023, thermal power plants generated 77.4% of Kazakhstan’s electricity, with coal-fired plants providing 66% of that output. Coal is also the primary source of heat, covering 80% of demand. In Astana, coal-fired combined heat and power plants (CHPs) account for 97% of heat generation, while in Almaty the figure is 56%.

Coal combustion is responsible for about 70% of Kazakhstan’s greenhouse gas emissions, creating a challenge for the government’s target of achieving carbon neutrality by 2060. Nonetheless, analysts forecast that coal will remain a key energy source in the medium term, accounting for 46% of the energy balance in 2035, down from 66% in 2023. Coal-based power generation is expected to decline by just 9% over that period.

Long-term projections point to a more significant decline in coal’s share, driven by the expansion of renewable energy, which is forecast to account for 24.4% of electricity generation by 2035 and 50% by 2050.

Another factor will be the commissioning of Kazakhstan’s first nuclear power plant, construction of which began last week, which will partially replace coal generation in the domestic market.

Japanese Language Courses Launched to Support Kyrgyz Labor Migration to Japan

On August 8, the Center for Pre-Departure Orientation and Reintegration of Migrants in Bishkek officially launched an intensive Japanese language course aimed at improving the employability of Kyrgyz job seekers in Japan.

The course is a joint initiative of the Kyrgyz Ministry of Labor, Social Security and Migration’s Center for Employment of Citizens Abroad and the Japan Association for Construction Human Resources (JAC). The program is part of ongoing efforts to develop Japan as a new destination for Kyrgyz labor migration, diversifying the country’s overseas employment market.

This collaboration follows the signing of a memorandum of cooperation on labor migration between Kyrgyzstan and Japan.

The first group of students was 30 mainly young participants from across Kyrgyzstan.

Expanding Employment Pathways

Kyrgyzstan is deepening labor migration ties with Japan as part of a broader strategy to create safe, legal, and skills-based employment opportunities for its citizens abroad. The Ministry’s Center for Employment of Citizens Abroad is working with JAC, which facilitates the recruitment of specified skilled workers for Japan’s construction industry.

Both sides have also discussed plans to establish a specialized training center in Kyrgyzstan to prepare construction professionals according to Japanese industry standards.

While Russia remains the main destination for Kyrgyz labor migrants, recent years have seen growing interest in alternative destinations, including Turkey, South Korea, Japan, and several European countries.

Uzbek Politician Calls for Passport Photo Rule Change Amid Headscarf Debate

Alisher Qodirov, leader of Uzbekistan’s Milliy Tiklanish (National Revival) Democratic Party, has called for an end to the practice of requiring women to remove headscarves when taking passport photographs.

In a statement on his Telegram channel, Qodirov affirmed that Uzbekistan’s status as a secular state is beyond question but argued that secularism should not infringe on personal freedoms.

Prosperity Without Discrimination

“A secular state, governed by laws adopted by a popularly elected parliament and approved by a popularly elected president, allows citizens to live as they choose, as long as they do not violate the law,” Qodirov said. “Our priority is to ensure that citizens of all nationalities and beliefs can strive for prosperity without discrimination. Everyone is equal, and no one should be demeaned.”

Drawing analogies, Qodirov said that just as one citizen may choose to drink beer and another may choose not to, without having to explain themselves, women should be free to cover their hair if it aligns with their beliefs. “Advertising alcohol is prohibited by law, but if a political force wins a parliamentary majority, it could change the law, making alcohol a ‘national value’ or same-sex marriage a free choice. You grant that right,” he added.

Qodirov emphasized that all social development must rest on values. Referring to pop star Jennifer Lopez’s recent concert in Tashkent, he said: “If Jennifer Lopez wants to perform at a private, ticketed concert, as long as she doesn’t distribute drugs or promote anti-state ideas, that’s her choice. Showing her body is her decision; watching it is the decision of those who bought tickets. That’s secularism.”

By the same logic, he continued, “A woman who chooses to wear a headscarf is protected by law. We accepted public nudity as secularism; we must also accept the right to cover up. Just as we don’t tell Lopez how to dress, we shouldn’t dictate how religious women wear their headscarves nor should we force women, who have lived by their faith for years, to remove them for passport photos. Identification requirements demand an open face, not uncovered hair. Let’s extend the same tolerance to devout women as we do to Lopez.”

He concluded that secularism means equality for both believers and non-believers, “not the strong lecturing the weak about life.”

Mixed Reactions to Lopez Concert

Lopez’s August 7 performance at Tashkent’s Bunyodkor Stadium, part of her “Up All Night – Live in 2025” world tour, drew mixed reactions online. Some praised her discipline and appearance, while others criticized her revealing outfits.

Psychogenetics specialist Maryam Mahmudova told her Instagram followers that Lopez’s appearance reflected years of disciplined self-care. “At 56, she maintains her figure thanks to discipline. We, on the other hand, often feel worn out before 40, with no goals or passion. We have no right to judge anyone, instead, we should learn discipline from her, because discipline is a form of self-love,” she said.

Neurologist Bahtigul Holmurodova, who followed the concert via social media, commented: “Yesterday, JLo once again showed all Uzbeks what it means to care for every cell, mitochondrion, ribosome, and lysosome of your body.”

According to the Uzbekistan 24 TV channel, Lopez’s performance at Tashkent’s Bunyodkor Stadium sold 25,000 tickets, more than 15,000 of them to foreigners. Russian nationals bought around 7,500 tickets, while Kazakh citizens purchased about 2,500. Ticket prices ranged from 800,000 UZS (about $63.60) to 4.1 million UZS (about $325.97).

Kyrgyzstan Sees Rising Pakistani Investment Amid Expanding Economic Partnership

Foreign direct investment (FDI) from Pakistan in Kyrgyzstan has more than doubled over the past five years, rising from $2 million in 2020 to $4.6 million in 2024, according to the National Investment Agency.

A sharp spike occurred in 2023, when Pakistani FDI reached $6.9 million, reflecting growing interest from Pakistani businesses in the Kyrgyz market.

“Kyrgyzstan and Pakistan demonstrate stable, positive dynamics of cooperation. The number of joint projects in agriculture, energy, trade, and the digital economy is expanding every year. We see high potential for further deepening of the partnership,” said Farkhat Iminov, Director of the National Investment Agency.

Expanding Sectoral Cooperation

On August 6, Iminov met with Marwan Alex Ayyash, Deputy Head of Mission at the Embassy of Pakistan in Kyrgyzstan. The Pakistani side expressed interest in developing cooperation in Kyrgyzstan’s mining sector, particularly in gold, tungsten, copper, and granite deposits.

Earlier, on July 28, Kyrgyzstan and Pakistan held the fifth meeting of the Intergovernmental Commission on Trade, Economic, Scientific, and Technical Cooperation. The key outcome was the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding between Kyrgyzstan’s National Investment Agency and Pakistan’s Investment Board.

The agreement aims to implement joint projects and expand cooperation in priority sectors including tourism, energy, agriculture, industry, transport, and logistics.

Kazakh Tazy Makes Sensational Debut at World Dog Show in Helsinki

The World Dog Show 2025 concluded on August 10 in Helsinki, marking the debut of the Kazakh Tazy on the international stage. For the first time, Kazakhstan’s national breed competed at this level and immediately gained recognition, winning seven major championship awards.

Steppe Spirit Captivates Judges and Breeders

The Kazakh national team drew the attention of leading judges, breeders, and experts, representing a major step toward global recognition of this unique hunting dog of the Great Steppe.

The Union of Dog Breeders of Kazakhstan presented eight top Tazy at a national stand designed as a semi-yurt adorned with traditional ornaments. The display served as both a celebration of the breed and a cultural highlight, attracting visitors who posed for photos, picked up informational booklets, and asked questions about the dogs.

Foreign breeders and heads of national clubs expressed interest in the breed’s history, results of genetic studies, working qualities, and health. Many requested training materials and details on how to purchase puppies.

“The reaction of international experts confirms that our Tazy dogs occupy a worthy place in the world dog-breeding arena… The whole world has now learned about and become interested in the Kazakh Tazy breed. We are proud to have presented not only a unique hunting dog, but also a cultural symbol of Kazakhstan,” said Bauyrzhan Serikkali, chairman of the Kazakh Kennel Union.

He added that the Union is ready to cooperate with foreign clubs and kennels, providing comprehensive information about the breed.

Ahead of the exhibition, members of the Kazakh diaspora and compatriots in Finland attended a special presentation of the Tazy. Recognized as one of the treasures of the Zhet Kazyna (Seven Treasures), it was a memorable cultural highlight for them during the World Dog Show.

President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev congratulated the Kazakh dog breeders on their success in Helsinki, sending a telegram to the Union.

From National Law to FCI Recognition

Efforts to preserve and promote the Kazakh Tazy and Tobet breeds began in 2023, when a relevant law was signed on the president’s instructions. That spring, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs was tasked with promoting the breeds internationally.

In August 2023, the Union of Dog Breeders of Kazakhstan became a full member of the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) and gained the right to represent national breeds. In May 2024, a single-breed exhibition in Astana saw FCI experts examine 100 Tazy dogs.

On September 3, 2024, in Amsterdam, the FCI provisionally recognized the breed and granted Kazakhstan the status of standard holder. Full recognition is expected no earlier than 2034, provided that breeding and participation in world competitions continue actively.

President Tokayev has instructed officials to further strengthen the status of national breeds, making them a hallmark of Kazakhstan on the international stage.

Tajik Cotton Exports to Iran Reach Record Levels

Since the start of 2025, Iran has imported more than 30,000 tons of cotton fiber from Tajikistan, accounting for over 83% of the country’s total foreign sales of this product. The value of these exports has reached $45.7 million.

Geography and Structure of Exports

Khurshed Zuhurzoda, First Deputy Director of the Tajikistan Export Agency, said Iran’s demand is driven by a shortage of raw materials for its domestic textile industry.

According to the Iranian Cotton Fund, the country’s annual cotton demand stands at around 180,000 tons, while domestic production meets only 70,000-80,000 tons. Geographic proximity and the high quality of Tajik fiber have made it one of Iran’s primary import sources.

From January to June 2025, Tajikistan exported 36,300 tons of cotton fiber worth $54.6 million to foreign markets. Of this, more than 30,900 tons, 83.61% in both value and volume, went to Iran. Other buyers included Russia ($4 million), Turkey ($1.97 million), Pakistan ($1.1 million), and China ($286,000).

The Khatlon region was the largest domestic supplier, providing $29.6 million worth of exports (54.22%), followed by Sughd with $25 million (45.78%). The average export price per ton was $1,506.

Negotiations on Expanding Cooperation

On July 30, during the 10th Consultation of the Ministers of Agriculture of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) member states in China, Tajik Agriculture Minister Kurbon Hakimzoda met with Iranian Agriculture Minister Gholamreza Nouri.

Talks covered topics ranging from cotton supplies to the introduction of smart farming systems. Priorities included food security, development of greenhouse complexes, fish farming, organic agriculture, digital technologies, internationally accredited laboratories, climate change adaptation, and joint projects for product processing and packaging.

Nouri emphasized that strengthening agricultural ties with neighboring countries is a strategic priority for Iran. Hakimzoda, in turn, noted “satisfactory progress” in implementing existing agreements.

Prospects: Moving from Raw Cotton to Value-Added Exports

Tajikistan forecasts raw cotton production to grow from 422,000 tons in 2026 to 437,000 tons in 2028. Cotton fiber output is projected at 150,000 tons, while yarn production will increase from 49,000 to 54,000 tons.

The government’s export strategy aims to gradually reduce unprocessed cotton exports, from 72,000 tons in 2026 to 56,000 tons in 2028, while boosting yarn exports from 14,000 to 18,000 tons.

Agricultural expert Bakhodur Khaito said this shift could alter trade arrangements with Iran.

“With a reduction in direct fiber supplies, Dushanbe could offer Tehran more yarn, develop joint ventures, localize processing, and promote finished products to third markets,” he noted.